REIGNING FAMILIES-Continued. SERVIA. Peter I., King of Servia, born in Belgrade, 1846, son of Alexander Karageorgevic, Prince of Servia from 1842 to 1858. Was proclaimed King on the night of June 10-11, 1903, by the officers of the Servian Army after they had murdered King Alexander and Queen Draga, and was crowned in October, 1904. King Peter I was married in 1883 to Princess Zorka of Montenegro, who died in 1890. He has two sons and a daughter, George, Alexander and Helen. . King Peter is descended from Karageorge, a peasant, who was the leader of the insurrection against Turkey in 1804. He reigned as Prince of Servia from 1804 to 1813, when he was supplanted by the Obrenovic during a second insurrection. SWEDEN. Oscar II., King of Sweden, born January 21, 1829; son of Oscar I., and grandson of Marshal Bernadotte. He married, 1857, the Princess Sophia of Nassau, and has had four sons, the eldest of whom is the Crown Prince Gustavus, born 1858; married, 1881, to the Princess Victoria of Baden, and has three sons, born in 1882, 1884, and 1889, respectively. The eldest son of Prince Gustavus is Prince Gustavus Adolphus, who married in 1905 Princess Margaret of Connaught, and has two sons, horn 1906 and 1907. The King's other sons are: Prince Oscar, born 1859, married to Lady Ebba Munck, one of his mother's maids of honor, and relinquished his rights to the throne; Prince Carl, born 1861, and married, 1897, Princess Ingeborg, second daughter of the King of Denmark, and Prince Eugene, born 1865. The King has a niece, Louise, married to the King of Denmark. The royal family comes from Napoleon's Marshal Bernadotte, a Frenchman, who was elected heir-apparent to the crown of Sweden in 1810, and became King in 1818. WÜRTTEMBERG. William II., King of Württemberg, born February 25, 1848, succeeded his uncle, King Charles I., October 6, 1891. He married, 1877, Princess Marie of Waldeck, who died, leaving a daughter, Pauline, born 1877, and married, 1898, Prince Frederick of Wied. The King married, second, Princess Charlotte of Schaumburg-Lippe, by whom he has no children. As the King has no male descendants, the heir presumptive is his distant kinsman, Duke Albert, born 1865, married to the Archduchess Margareta, niece of the Emperor of Austria, and has three sons and three daughters. The King's mother, Princess Catherine, is living, and he has an aunt, Princess Augusta, married to Prince Herman of Saxe- Weimar, with issue of four sons and two daughters, He has a number of cousins, one of them being the late Duke of Teck, who was married to the English Princess Mary of Cambridge, who died in 1897, Or the Emperor Napoleon I. and his brothers Joseph and Louis, male issue is now extinct. The Emperor's brothers Lucien and Jerôme are represented by the following living descendants, and they constitute the present Imperialist house of France: Prince Victor Napoleon (of the house of Jerôme), born July 18, 1862, is the son of the late Prince Napoleon (who died March 18, 1891) and the Princess Clotilde, sister of the late King Humbert of Italy. The Prince has been recognized by his party as the undisputed head of the Bonaparte family. He lives in Brussels and is morganatically married, and has had three children. His only brother, Prince Louis Napoleon, born 1864, is a general in the Russian Army, and is unmarried. His sister, Princess Letitia, born 1866, is the widow of Prince Amadeus of Italy, her own uncle, by whom she had a son, Prince Humbert, born 1889. The late aunt of Prince Victor Napoleon, the Princess Mathilde, born 1820; married, 1840, Prince Demidoff of Russia; died in 1904 without children. Prince Charles Napoleon, brother of the late Cardinal Bonaparte, who died February 12, 1899. was the last representative of the eldest son of Napoleon's brother Lucien, in the male line. He was born 1839; was married and had two daughters-Marie, wife of Lieutenant Gotti, of the Italian Army, and Eugénie, unmarried. He had three sisters, married respectively to the Marquis of Roccagivoine, Count Primoli, and Prince Gabrelli, who have descendants. Prince Roland Bonaparte' is the only living male cousin of Prince Charles Napoleon. He is a son of the late Prince Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte; was born 1858; married, 1880, the daughter of Blanc, one of the proprietors of the Monte Carlo gambling-hell. His wife died in 1882, leaving him a daughter and a fortune. He has one sister, Jeanne, born 1861, and married to the Marquis de Villeneuve, Ex-Empress Eugénie, widow of Emperor Napoleon III., was a daughter of Count Cyprien de Montijo, a Spanish grandee, and was born May 5, 1826. She married 1853. Became a widow, 1873. Her only son, Prince Louis Napoleon, was killed in Zululand in 1879. BOURBON-ORLEANIST. Philippe, Duke of Orleans, born 1869, succeeded his father, the late Count of Paris, in 1894, as the head of the royal family of France. He married, in 1896, the Archiduchess Marie-Dorothea, daughter of the Archduke Joseph, cousin of the Emperor of Austria. His mother (still living) was the Spanish Infanta Louise of Montpensier, and he has one brother, the Duke of Montpensier, and four sisters, Princess Amelie, married to the King of Portugal; Helena, married to the Duke of Aosta, nephew of the late King Humbert of Italy, Isabel, married to the Duke of Guise, son of the Duke of Chartres; and Louise, married to Prince Charles of Bourbon, grandson of King Ferdinand II., of Naples, The only uncle of the Duke of Orleans is the Duke of Chartres, born 1840, and married to a daughter of the Prince of Joinville. The issue are two daughters and two sons, the eldest son being Prince Henry, born 1867 (died at Saigon, Cochin-China, in 1901); the second, the Duke of Guise; the eldest daughter, Princess Marie, being married to Prince Waldemar of Denmark, and the second daughter, Princess Marguerite, being married (in 1896) to Patrice MacMahon. Duke of Magenta, The grand uncles of the Duke of Orleans (who were the sons of King Louis Philippe) are all dead. They were the Prince of Joinville, born 1818, died 1900, married to a daughter of Pedro L. of Brazil, and had one daughter and one son, the Duke of Penthièvre, born 1845; Henry, Duke of Aumale, born 1822, died (childless) 1897; Anthony, Duke of Montpeusier, born 1824, died 1890 (married, 1852, a sister of Queen Isabella of Spain, and had a daughter, the wife of the Count of Paris, and a son, Prince Anthony, born 1866, who married, 1888, his cousin, the Infanta Eulalie of Spain), and Louis, Duke of Nemours, born 1814, died 1896. He was the father of two daughters, the Princess Crartoryska, deceased, and Princess Blanche of Orleans, and two sons, the eldest being the Count of Eu, born 1812, married to a daughter of Pedro II. of Brazil, and having three children, and the second the Duke of Alençon, born 1844, and married to a Bavarian princess (who was burned in the Paris bazaar fire in 1897), and having two children. By the death of the Count of Chambord, in 1883, the elder line of the Bourbons of France became extinct, and the right of succession merged in the Count of Paris, grandson of King Louis Philippe, representative of the younger, or Orleans line, Statesman's Estimates of area and present population are by Whitaker, and in some cases by the Year-Book," except for British Africa and the late accessions there, which are corrected by Ravenstein's figures, The entire population of the empire, according to the estimates of the Statesman's Year Book," is 392,846,835, and the total area, 11,433, 283. The East Indian possessions extend over a territory larger than the continent of Europe without Russia; but the North American possessions are greater still, and, inclusive of Hudson's Bay and the great lakes, have a larger area than the whole of Europe. British Africa and Australasia are the next possessions in size. POPULATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM BY SUCCESSIVE CENSUSES. 13,090,523 2,620,184 2,888,742 1861. 18,954,444 1,111,780 3.062.294 1881. Ireland ... Total 8,196,597 7,767 401 24,028,584 26.730,929 27,390,629 28,927,485 31.484.661 *Including 147,870 inhabitants of islands in the United Kingdoin. but not including 367,736 army, navy and merchant seamen abroad. 6,574,278 5,798,967 1871. 1891. 21,495,131 24,613,926 27,499,984 1,217,135 1.360,513 1,501,034 3,360,018 3,735,573 4,033,103, 4,472,103 5,412,377 5,174,836 4,706,448 34.884.848 1901. 32,527,843 4,458,775 *37.888.439 141.976,827 Including 150,370 in islands, The British Royal Family. DECEMBER 1, 1907., EDWARD VII.,"by the grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India," was bern November 9, 1841, and succeeded his mother January 22, 1901. He was married to the Princess Alexandra of Denmark (born December 1, 1844), March 10, 1863. In the following table their children and grandchildren are enumerated: [Children in SMALL CAPS. Their children follow.] Born Died. NAME. Married. Date. First cousins of the late Queen Victoria in the paternal line were the Duke of Cambridge, born 1819, died 1904: Augusta, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, born 1822, and Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck, born 1822, died 1897. The Queen also had a large number of cousins through her mother, the Duchess of Kent. Whitaker's Peerage has a list of over 240 living blood relatives of the late Queen. [Children in SMALL CAPS. Their children follow.] Second marriage, her first husband was Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, married 1894, from whom she was divorced. The children are by first husband. Marriage dissolved in 1900. Order of Succession to the British Throne. THE following is the order of succession to the British throne (January, 1908) to the last of the living descendants of George III. Failing all these the succession would fall to the other descendants of the preceding British kings going backward in regular order. Every future new birth among the descendants of Victoria and George II. in the line below takes its relative place therein. DESCENDANTS OF KING EDWARD VII. 1 Prince of Wales, son. 9 Prince Edward of Wales, grandson. 3 Prince Albert of Wales, grandson. 4 Prince Henry of Wales, grandson. 5 Prince George Edward of Wales, grandson. 6 Prince John of Wales, grandson. 7 Princess Victoria of Wales, granddaughter. 8 The Princess Royal, Duchess of Fife, daughter. 9 Princess Alexandra (Duff) granddaughter. 10 Princess Maud (Duff) granddaughter. 11 Princess Victoria of United Kingdom, daughter. 12 Queen of Norway, daughter. 13 Crown Prince of Norway, grandson. DESCENDANTS OF QUEEN VICTORIA. 14 Grand Duchess Cyril of Russia, granddaughter. 15 Hereditary Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, granddaughter. 16 Prince Gottfried of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, great grandson. 17 Princess Maria of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, great-granddaughter. 18 Princess Alexandra of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, great-granddaughter. 19 Princess Irma of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, great-granddaughter. 20 Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg, granddaughter. 21 The Duke of Connaught, son. 22 Prince Arthur of Connaught, grandson. 23 Princess Gustavus of Sweden, granddaughter. 24 Prince Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, great-grandson. 25 Princess Patricia of Connaught, granddaughter. 26 The Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, grandson. 27 Prince Johann Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, greatgrandson. 28 Princess Alice of Teck, granddaughter. 29 Princess May Helen of Teck, great-granddaughter. 30 The German Emperor, grandson. 31 The Crown Prince of Germany, great-grandson. 32 Prince Wilhelm of Germany, great-great grandson. 33 Prince Wilhelm Friedrich, great-grandson. 34 Prince Eitel-Frederick of Prussia, great grandson. 35 Prince Adalbert of Prussia, great-grandson. 36 Prince Augustus of Prussia, great grandson. 37 Prince Oscar of Prussia, great-grandson. 38 Prince Joachimn of Prussia, great-grandson. 39 Princess Victoria of Prussia, great-granddaughter. 40 Prince Henry of Prussia, grandson. 41 Prince Waldemar of Prussia, great-grandson. 42 Frince Sigismund of Prussia, great-grandson. 43 Hereditary Princess of Saxe-Meiningen, granddaughter. 44 Princess Heinrich of Reuss, great-granddaughter. 45 Princess Adolphus of Schomburg-Lippe, granddaughter. 46 Crown Princess of Greece, granddaughter. 47 Prince George of Greece, great-grandson. 48 Prince Alexander of Greece, great grandson. 49 Prince Paul of Greece, great-grandson. 50 Princess Helena of Greece, great-gran daughter. 52 Irincess Frederick Charles of Hesse, granddaughter. 37 Prince Richard of Hesse, great-grandson. 58 Prince Christoph of Hesse, great-grandson. 60 Prince (Son of No. 59), great-grandson. 64 Princess Andrew of Greece, great-granddaughter. 65 Princess Margaret of Greece, great-great-granddaughter. 66 Princess Louisa of Battenberg, great-granddaughter. 67 Grand Duchess Sergius of Prussia, granddaughter. 68 Princess Henry of Prussia (Wife of No. 40), granddaughter. 69 The Empress of Russia, granddaughter. 70 The Tsarevitch, great-grandson. 71 The Grand Duchess Olga of Russia, great-granddaughter. 72 The Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russ a,great-granddaughter. 73 The Grand Duchess Marie of Russi, great-granddaughter. 74 The Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia, great-grand daughter. 75 Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, daughter. 76 Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein, grandson. 77 Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, granddaughter. 78 Princess Louise of Schleswig-Holstein, granddaughter. 79 Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, daughter. 80 Princess Heary of Battenberg, daughter. 81 Prince Alexander of Battenberg, grandson. 82 Prince Leopold of Battenberg, grandson. 83 Prince Maurice of Battenberg, grandson. 84 The Queen of Spain, granddaughter. 85 The Prince of the Asturias, Alphonso, great-grandson. DESCENDANTS OF KING GEORGE III. 86 The Duke of Cumberland, great-grandson. 87 Prince George of Cumberland, great-great-grandson. 88 Prince Ernest of Cumberland, great-great-grandson. 89 Princess Maximilian of Baden, great-great-granddaughter. 90 Princess Marie of Baden, great-great-great-granddaughter. 91 Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg Schweriu, great-greatgranddaughter. 99 Princess Olga of Cumberland, great-great-granddaughter. 93 Baroness von Pawel Ramingen, great-granddaughter. 94 Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, granddaughter. 95 The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, great-grandson. 96 Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, greatgreat-grandson. 97 Duke Charles of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, great-great-grand son. 98 Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Countess Jametel), great-great-granddaughter. 99 Son of No. 98, great-great-great-grandson. 100 Duchess August (Princess Militza of Montenegro), greatgreat-granddaughter. 101 The Duke of Teck, great-grandson. 102 Prince George of Teck, great-great-grandson. 103 Princess Victoria of Teck, great-great-granddaughter. 101 Princess Helena of Teck, great-great-granddaughter. 105 Prince Francis of Teck, great-grandson. 106 Prince Alexander of Teck (Husband of No. 28), greatgrandson. 107 Prince Rupert of Teck, great-great-grandson, PRECEDING SUCCESSION TO THE THRONE. In the year 1066, Harold, the last of the Saxon kings, being slain in battle, William the Conqueror, as he was afterward called, seized the throne by right of conquest, and the succession passed from him to his second sou, William, and then to his third son, Henry I. On the death of the latter a war ensued between his granddaughter Matilda and his nephew Stephen, which resulted in favor of the latter. On Stephen's death the crown reverted to Matilda's son, Henry II., who was succeeded by his second son, Richard I. He dying without children, Henry's fourth son, John, succeeded, who was followed by his son, Henry III. He in turn was followed by his eldest son, Edward I., who was in succession followed by his son and grandson, Edward II. and Edward III. The son of Edward III. dying in his father'slifetime, a grandson, Richard II., succeeded, and in his reign were sown the seeds of the Wars of the Roses, which were afterward to bear such ill fruit. Richard II. was deposed by Henry IV., who was the eldest son of a younger brother of his father. Henry IV. was succeeded by his son, Henry V., and he by his son, Henry VI., who was deposed by Edward IV., who claimed the throne by right of descent from Lionel, third son of Edward III., and who was an elder brother of John of Gaunt, the father of Henry IV. Edward IV. was succeeded by his son, Edward V., who died an infant, and then by his brother, Richard III., who was slain in the battle of Bosworth Field, fought between him and Henry Tudor, great-great-grandson of John of Gaunt by his third wife, Katherine Swynford, Henry ascended the throne under the title of Henry VII., and married Elizabeth, the daughter of Edward IV., and thus united the two houses of York and Lancaster and put an end to the Wars of the Roses. Henry VII. was followed by his son, Henry VIII., who was succeeded in turn by his three child ren, Edward VI., Mary I., and Elizabeth, at whose death the crown fell to James VI. of Scotland. great-grandson of Margaret, eldest daughter of Henry VII. of Eugland, who ascended the throne of England under the title of James I. On his death his third son ascended as Charles I., but he was beheaded in 1649 by Cromwell, who was made Protector until his death in 1660, when the eldest son of Charles came to the throne as Charles II. and he was followed by his brother, James II. The latter abdicated in 1688, and was succeeded by a nephew, who had married the eldest daughter of James, and the two reigned under their joint names as William III, and Mary II. On their death James II.'s second daughter, Anne, ascended, and she dying childless the crown fell to the Elector of Hanover, who was grandson of Elizabeth, daughter of James I. of England. This Prince, George I., was succeeded by his son, George II., who was succeeded by his grandson, George III. After a longer reign than any previous English monarch, this king was succeeded by his eldest son, George IV., and by his third son, William IV., both of whom dying childless, the crown fell to Victoria, only child of Edward, fourth son of George III.,who asceuded the throne in 1887, and she was succeeded on her death by her eldest son, the present sovereign, TITLE AND OATH OF THE KING. The Royal Titles Act, which received the Royal Assent on August 17, 1901, enacted that**It shall be lawful for His Most Gracious Majesty, with a view to the recognition of His Majesty's Dominions beyond the seas, by His Royal Proclamation under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom, issued within six months after the passing of this act, to make such addition to the style and titles at present appertaining to the Imperial Crown of the United Kingdom and its dependencies as to His Majesty may seem fit. " Mr. Chamberlain, the Secretary for the Colonies, sent the following telegram to Colonial Governors, asking them which title for the King they preferred. No. 3 was generally approved. King Edward's accession offers an opportunity of considering the titles of the Monarch, and I am desirous that the separate and greatly increased importance of the Colonies should be recognized, if possible. The following suggestions have been made: First.-King of Great Britain and Ireland, Emperor of India, and King (or Sovereign) of Canada, Australasia, and all British Dominions beyond the Seas.' Second,-Addition to present title of the words, Sovereign Lord or King of the British Realms beyond the Seas." Third.-Addition to present title of the words, King of all the British Dominions beyond the Sea; without specifying any particular Colony. On the whole, I prefer the third suggestion,' On November 4, 1901, the title assumed by His Majesty was "Edward VII., by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India,'' THE KING'S ACCESSION OATH. The Accession Oath taken by King Edward, to which so much exception was taken, is as follows: **I, Edward, do solemnly and sincerely, in the presence of God, profess, testify, and declare, that I do believe that in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ at or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever; and that the invocation or adoration of the Virgin Mary or any other Saint, and the sacrifice of the Mass., as they are now used in the Church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous, and I do solemnly, in the presence of God, profess, testify and declare, that I do make this declaration, and every part thereof in the plain and ordinary sense of the words read unto me as they are commonly understood by English Protestants without any evasion, equivocation, or mental reservation whatsoever, and without any dispensation already granted me for this purpose by the Pope or any other authority, or person whatsoever, or without any hope of any such dispensation from any person or authority whatsoever, or without thinking that I am or can be acquitted before God or man, or absolved of this declaration or any part thereof, although the Pope or any other person or persons or power whatsoever should dispense with or annul the same, or declare that it was null and void from the beginning." The revised form of oath which the Select Committee of the House of Lords suggested for the King's Accession Oath ran thus: **T, A. B., by the Grace of God, King (or Queen) of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, do solemnly and sincerely, in the presence of God, profess and testify, and declare that I do believe, that in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever. And I do believe that the invocation or adoration of the Virgin Mary or any other Saint, and the sacrifice of the Mass as they are now used in the Church of Rome, are contrary to the Protestant Religion. And I do solemnly, in the presence of God, profess, testify and declare that I do make this declaration and every part thereof unreservedly." But this amendment was so much criticised that it was withdrawn. |