Of the whole number of immigrants in the fiscal year ending Jene 30, 1907, 1,004,756 came through the customs district of New York, 66, 910 through Baltimore, 70,164 through Boston, 30,501 through Philadelphia, 3,539 through San Francisco, and 60,512 through other ports; also 48,967 through Canadian ports. The reported occupations of immigrants arriving during the fiscal year 1907 were as follows: Laborers, 291,141; servants, 121,587; farm laborers, 323, 854; tailors, 30, 644; merchants and dealers, 14,470; carpenters, 20.656; shoemakers, 13,059; clerks, 11,980; mariners, 7,270; miners, 11,452, The number of professional immigrants (including 822 actors, 2,433 engineers, 1,114 musicians, and 1,673 teachers) was 12,600; of skilled laborers, 190,315; miscellaneous (including unskilled), 777,725; no occupation (including children), 304, 709. The total number of alien immigrants refused admission to the United States in the fiscal year ending 1907 was 13,064, of which 6,866 were paupers or persons likely to become public charges, 3.822 persons with loathsome or contagious diseases, 1,434 contract laborers, 189 insane, 29 idiots, 341 convicts, 18 prostitutes, 1 person who attempted to bring in prostitutes, 70 returned in one year after landing, 925 returned within three years because here in violation of law. IMMIGRATION BY COUNTRIES IN FISCAL YEARS 1906 AND 1907. Owing to the great difficulty in obtaining accurate statements of the immigrants from the contiguous countries of Canada and Mexico, no statistics of immigration into the United States of citizens of those countries are gathered by the Bureau of Immigration. The constant ebb and flow of persons entering aud leaving the United States from and to Mexico and Canada, at the numerous points where such movements can be conveniently made, renders accurate statements on this subject extremely difficult, and the Bureau of Immigration in its annual report for 1902 states that "the immigrants do not include arrivals from the neighboring countries of Mexico and Canada except such as come from abroad through ports in these countries for the avowed purpose of entering the United States." The fact, however, that the Census of 1900 shows the presence of 1,183,225 persons in the United States born in Canada and 103, 445 persons born in Mexico proves that the number of arrivals from those countries, proper to be considered as immigrants, must be large. BETWEEN NEW YORK CITY AND PLACES IN UNITED STATES AND CANADA. EXPLANATION: Day rate, 40-3, means 40 cents for ten words and 3 cents for each additional word; night rate, 30-2, means 30 cents for ten words and 2 cents for each additional word. Address and signature are free. Rates given are Western Union rates. INDIANA 50-3 All other places.. 40-3 OREGON............. 75-5 60.4 1.00-7 1.00-7 35-2 25-1 25-2 110-9 1.00 9 to 35-2 50-3 40-3 1.00-7 1.00-7 25-225-1 These rates are from New York City. The address and signature are included in the chargeable matter, and the length of words is limited to fifteen letters. When a word is composed of more than fifteen letters, every additional fifteen or the fraction of fifteen letters will be counted as a word. Per Word. TELEGRAPH RATES-Continued. TELEGRAPH STATISTICS. THE WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH COMPANY. Statement exhibiting the mileage of lines operated, number of offices, number of messages sent, receipts, expenses, and profits for 1870, 1875, 1880, and 1890, and each year from 1895 to 1907, inclusive: Not including messages sent over leased wires or under railroad contracts. The average toll per message in 1868 was 104.7; in 1890 was 32.4; in 1891 was 32.5; in 1892 was 31.6; in 1893 was 31.2; in 1894 was 30.5; in 1895 was 30.7; in 1896 was 30.9; in 1897 was 30.5; in 1898 was 30.1; in 1899 was 30.8; in 1900 was 30.8; in 1901 was 30.9; in 1902 was 31.0; in 1903 was 31.4; in 1904 was 31.7; in 1905 was 31.6; in 1906 was 31.6; in 1907 was 33.7. The average cost per message to the company in 1868 was 63.4; in 1890 was 22.7; in 1891 was 23.2; in 1892 was 22.3; in 1893 was 22.7; in 1894 was 23.3; in 1895 was 23.3; in 1896 was 24.0; in 1897 was 24.3; in 1898 was 24.7; in 1899 was 25.1; in 1900 was 25.1; in 1901 was 25.1; in 1902 was 25.7; in 1903 was 25.6; in 1904 was 26.1; in 1905 was 27.3; in 1906 was 27.6; in 1907 was 30.2. The Postal Telegraph Cable Company also transacts business with the United States, and in 1906 operated 59,674 miles of poles and 321,570 miles of wire, by means of which it reached 23,975 places. GROWTH OF THE TELEGRAPH SERVICE IN THE WORLD. Number of messages, 1870: Norway. 466,700; Sweden, 590,300; Denmark, 513,623; Germany,8,207,800; Netherlands, 1,837,800; Belgium, 1,998,800; France, 5,663,800; Switzerland, 1,629,235; Spain, 1,050,000 Italy, 2,189,000; Austria, 3,388,249; Hungary, 1,489,000; United States, 9,157,646; Great Britain and Ireland, 9,650,000. Number of messages, 1905-06: Norway, 2.389.437; Sweden, 3,024,103; Denmark, 2,582,205; Germany, 50,837,315; Netherlands, 6,182,390; Belgium, 18,571,259; France, 53,555,880; Switzerland, 4,590,876; Spain, 4.947,761; Italy, 14,270,407; Austria, 18,247,444; Hungary, 17,759,447; Russia, 149,422,305; United States (1907), 90,000,000; Great Britain and Ireland, 89,478,000; Japan, 23,083,837; Australia, 11,369,139: New Zealand, 5,640,219: Argentine Republic, 2,121,543: India, 10,461,117; Mexico, 3,383,518; Canada, 5,963,247; Turkey, 6,057,473; Bulgaria, 1.525,112; Egypt, 1.925,051; Roumania. 2.389,073; Cape Colony, 2.952,643; Portugal, 3,343,738; Brazil, 1,638,140; Chile, 4,603,528; Greece, 1,304,573; Servia, 1,382,194; Guatemala, 1,281,419; Uruguay, 293,943; Colombia, 1,388,388; Persia, 216,171; Peru, 152,806; Paraguay, 103,820. Messages, per capita: New Zealand, 5 05; Australia, 2.39: Belgium, 2.15; Great Britain and Ireland, 2.15; France, 1.25: Switzerland, 1.19; United States, 1.08; Netherlands, 1.04; Norway, 1.01; Germany, 0.68; Italy, 0.24; Spain, 0.28. For statement regarding wireless telegraphy see article on "Electrical Progress in 1907." MANUFACTURE OF TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE APPARATUS. (From Census Bulletin No. 73 of 1907.) An apparent falling off in the production of telegraph apparatus from $1,642,266 in 1900 to $1,111.194 in 1905 is accounted for in part by the growing custom among the larger telegraph systems of making and repairing their own apparatus. The value of the factory product in 1905 is distributed thus: 76,826 intelligence instruments (key, sounder, etc.), valued at $187.744; police, fire, district, and miscellaneous, valued at $592,070; wireless telegraph apparatus, valued at 8114,050; and switchboards and parts and supplies, valued at $217,330. The most important recent improvements have been the introduction of printing telegraph systems and the development and extension of wireless telegraphy. The total value of telephonic apparatus manufactured, as reported at the census of 1905, was $15.863, 698, as compared with 810,512.412 for the census of 1900. Of this total value, $824,204 represented the value of 850,815 transmitters; $696,113, the value of 831,195 receivers: $6,483,418, the value of 887,447 complete sets of instruments; 868,826, the value of 4,560 interior systems complete without instruments; $5,154.447, the value of 4.283 central switchboards; $564,795, the value of 3,917 private exchange boards; and $2,071,895, the value of telephone parts and supplies (chiefly the signalling apparatus in magneto-telephone sets and the line protector fuses, etc.). Illinois is the great centre of telephonic manufacturing industry in the United States, both as to number of factories and as to output. More than half the total product, or $8,357,521, was from this State. The output of New York was also large, but not quite half that of Illinois. Recent inventions involving the use of telephonic apparatus are: A system of music production and distribution by means of electrical currents over the telephone circuits; the Poulsen telegraphone, the object of which is to furnish a record of the speech received over the telephone; a system of submarine signalling based on the use of the telephone; and the telegraphone," an instrument used in connection with railway telegraph circuita COMPANIES. (From report issued by the International Bureau of Telegraph Administrations.) THE following table sets forth the entire system of submarine cables of the world, including those along the shores and in the bays, gulfs, and estuaries of rivers, but excepting those in lakes and the interior watercourses of continents. The list includes all cables operated by private companies, and in addition thereto under the name of each nation is given the list of cables operated by the government of that nation. Anglo-American Telegraph Co.. Transatlantic System - Valentia (Ireland) to Heart's Content (Newfoundland). Commercial Cable Co.... Transatlantic System-Waterville (Ireland) to Canso (Nova Scotia). Canso, N. S., to New York. Canso, N. S., to Rockport, Mass. Greek Systemi. 10,004 Ballinskellig's Bay (Ireland) to Turko-Greek System. Egypto-European System. Egyptian System. Egypto-Indian System. Cape Town to St. Helena. St. Helena to Ascension Island. Ascension Island to St. Vincent. Halifax, N. S., to Rye Beach, N. H. Transatlantic System--Sennen Brest (France) to Cape Cod, Mass. Carcavellos, near Lisbon (Portugal), to Madeira, to St. Vincent (Cape Verde Island), to Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo, Horta (Azores) to St. Vincent(Cape Verde Island). Central and South American Telegraph Co.. Europe and Azores Telegraph Co... des Cables Transatlantiques... Borkum Island to Azores to Coney Borkum Island to Vigo, Spain. 32 12,102 Grande Compagnie des Télégraphes đu Nord.. 31 8,483 egraph Works Co..... 145 18 *7,500 Mexican Telegraph Co... 1,528 Compania Telegrafico- Telefonica del River Plate Telegraph Co...... 32 Plata.... South American Cable Co... 1,968 United States and Hayti Telegraph West African Telegraph Co.. Bermuda - Turk's Island, and West Coast of America Telegraph Co. * Length of new cables marked not obtainable, and not included in totals when ALMANAC weut to press. Approximate Telephone Statistics. THE following are the latest statistics made public by the American (Bell) Telephone Company. (See article on Electrical Progress in 1907" in reference to other telephone companies.) The figures are for January 1 of each year: The number of instruments in the hands of licensees under rental at the beginning of 1907 was 7,107,836. The number of exchange connections daily in the United States is 16,478,058, or a total per year of about 5.305,900,000 The average number of daily calls per subscriber is six. The capital of the company is $158,661,800. What are known as independent telephone companies, as distinguished from Bell companies, are nearly all represented in the International Independent Telephone Association. Of these there are about 9,000 companies operating an aggregate of over 3,500,000 instruments. The capital invested is approximately $350,000,000, the number of stockholders 500,000, and the income roughly is $105,000,000. During the last year the principal feature of the independent companies' activities was the extension of long-distance business. The Middle West has been best developed, and at present over independent lines continuous communication is possible throughout nearly all of the territory within the east and west limits of Philadelphia and Nebraska and Kansas, and the north and south limits of Minneapolis and Biriningham. The increase in business, according to locality, during 1907, varied from 10 to 40 per cent. and averaged between 15 and 20 per cent. (See also Electrical Progress in 1907). Telephone messages per annum (latest reports): France, 205,6655,374; Germany, 1,207,446,753; Great Britain and Ireland, 723,246,368; United States 9,000,000,000; Austria, 166,474.183; Denmark, 108,750,035; Hungary, 82909,800; Belgium, 53,977,696; Switzerland, 36,803,415; Netherlands, 31,470,095. In Italy and Spain the use of the telephone is very limited. Canals. STATEMENT showing the cost and date of construction, length, number of locks, and navigable depth of the principal canals of the United States used for commercial purposes. Illinois and Mississippi.. Lehigh Coal and Navigation Co. Louisville and Portland.. Morris........ Muscle Shoals and Elk R,Shoals. 7,250,000 1895 75 3,156,919 1889 16 3 None. Ohio... Oswego. 695,201 1835 317 150 4 18 71 6 None. 15 218 Pennsylvania.. Portage Lake and Lake Super'r. Sault Ste. Marie (ship canal).. Susquehanna and Tidewater... 239,526 1828 38 731,750 1839 193 528,892 1873 25 1899 7 70,000 1880 10 4,000,000 1895 3 12,461,600 1826 108 99,661 1881 7,909,667 1896 4,931,345 1840 The Harlem River Ship Canal, connecting the Hudson River and Long Island Sound, by way of Spuyten Duyvil Creek and Harlem River, was opened for trattic on June 17, 1895, and cost about $2,700.000, Oswego, N. Y., to Syracuse, N. Y. Between Green Bay and Lake Michigan. 32 5% Easton, Pa., to Jersey City, N. J. Big Muscle Shoals, Tenn., to Elk River Shoals, Tenn. Clubfoot Creek to Harlow Creek, N. C. Savannah River, Ga., to Ogeechee River, Ga. Cleveland, O., to Portsmouth, O. Columbia, Northumberland, Wilkes-Barre, Huntingdon, Pa. From Keweenaw Bay to Lake Superior. Waldo, Fla., to Melrose, Fla. Connects Lakes Superior and Huron at St. Mary's River. Connects Lakes Superior and Huron at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. Rochester, O., to Roscoe, O. Connects Lake Ontario and Lake Erie. |