Robson, Sir William Snowden-Continued.

Question 5-Continued.

Ap., 8, 1819, 1828; 1778, France-United States, B. C. C. Ap., 3, 1817, 1826;
1794, United States-Great Britain, art. 25, B. C. Ap., 23, 1852; 1783, United
States-Great Britain, B. C. Ap., 12, 1819. Treaty of 1783 construed, 1815
et seq. Warren criticised, 1829.

Martens, G. F. von, bays, 1824.

Miramichi Bay, 1813, 1856–7, 1899, 1900.

Mitchell's map, LAMMASCH, 1888-9, 1900-2.

Monroe, Adams to, Sept. 19, 1815, B.C. Ap., 64, maritime jurisdiction, 1872–4.
Monroe, Bagot to, Nov. 27, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 291, maritime jurisdiction, 1877.
Monroe, Gallatin to, Dec. 25, 1814, U. S. C. Ap., 261, renunciation of rights,
1868.

Monroe, Madison to, Jan. 5, 1804, B. C. Ap., 58, 1806 negotiations, 1861-2.
Moray Firth, 1904.

Negotiations of 1783, 1839-1844.

Negotiations of 1806: Am. St. Papers, For. Rel., 3:83, 1861. Madison to
Monroe, Jan. 5, 1804, B. C. Ap., 58, 1861-2. United States interpretation
of, 1882.

Negotiations of 1814, B. C. C. Ap., 149, report American Commissioners,
1867-8.

Negotiations of 1818, B. C. Ap., 79, U. S. C. Ap., 304, 311, 1879–81.

New Brunswick, statutes of. See Statutes cited.

North American bays in special class, 1902-3.

Nova Scotia, statutes of. See Statutes cited.

"On" applied to "bays" and "creeks' in treaties of 1783 and 1818, FITZ-
PATRICK, 1830.

Puffendorf, bays, 1820.

Renunciatory clause, bait omitted in, 1880.

Richibucto bay, 1899.

Robson's replies to LOHMAN's preliminary questions, 1802-12, 1822.

Rush and Gallatin's report, 1878, 3-mile limit, 1883.

Rush, interpretation of bays in 1818, 1893.

Russell, report of, B. C. C. Ap., 152, sovereignty, 1868.

Rutherforth, bays, 1820.

Sabine's report, Labrador coast, 1837.

St. Georges Bay, 1813, 1847.

Six-mile limit, U. S. contention, 1821.

Sovereignty, Russell's report, B. C. C. Ap., 152, 1868.

Spain, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

Statutes cited: Imperial: 1785 (Chaleurs bay), 1900. New Brunswick: 1810,
B. C. Ap., 603 (Miramichi, Buctouche, Richibucto, Cocagne bays), 1899;
1823, B. C. Ap., 607 (Miramichi bay), 1900; 1795, Nova Scotia: B. C. Ap.,
597 (Miramichi bay), 1899.

Territorial jurisdiction defined, 1850.

Three-mile limit, 1800-1905; Rush and Gallatin's report, 1883.
Townshend, proposals in 1782, B. C. C. Ap., 96, 1842.
Treaties cited: France-Great Britain: 1686, B. C. Ap., 6, bays, 1817; 1713, B. C.
Ap., 6, bays, 1818-9. France-Great Britain-Spain: 1763, B. C. Ap., 8,
maritime jurisdiction, 1819, 1828. France-United States: 1778, B. C. C.
Ap., 3, bays, 1817, 1826. United States-Great Britain: 1783, B. C. Ap., 12,
"bays," 1814, 1819, 1824, Americans fishing on shores of bays, LOHMAN,
1830-31, 'bays," 1814, negotiations, 1839-44, construed, 1815 et seq.; 1794

Robson, Sir William Snowden.

Question 5-Continued.

(Jay's), B. C. Ap., 23, maritime jurisdiction, 1852, 1857; 1806, B. C. Ap.,
24, bays, 1861; 1818, B. C. Ap., 30, "bays," 1814, 1824; 1888, B. C. Ap.,
42 (unratified), bays, 1897.

United States: admitted that bays must be treated differently from coasts,
1828; claim as to Delaware Bay, 1858; Contention as to 6-mile limit, 1821;
inconsistency of position re bays, 1834; interpretation of 1806 negotiations,
1882; renounced bays unwillingly in 1818, 1831-2; renounced nothing in
1818 not obtained in 1783, 1847. See Treaties cited.

Vattel, bays, 1820-21.

Warren's argument: Delaware Bay incident, 1851, 1894; maritime jurisdic-
tion, 1829, 1865; new theory as to bays, 1834, 1886-7.

Question 6, pp. 1905-1910. (Aug. 2, 1910.)

Bays, British failure to maintain position of 1818, 1909.

Bays on southern and western coasts of Newfoundland not mentioned in
1818, 1909.

British failure to maintain position of 1818 regarding bays, 1909.

British proposition in 1818, U. S. C. Ap., 312, 1908. -

Labrador and Newfoundland, treatment of in 1818, Sabine's report, 1907.
Newfoundland, bays on southern and western coasts not mentioned in 1818,
1909.

Newfoundland and Labrador, treatment of in 1818, Sabine's report, 1907.
Negotiations in 1818, 1906.

Treaties cited: 1783, U. S. C. Ap., 24, bays of Newfoundland and Labrador,
1907.

United States proposition in 1818, U. S. C. Ap., 310, 313, 1906, 1908.

Question 7, pp. 1910-1925. (Aug. 2, 1910.)

Bait: Newfoundland's right to refuse to sell, 1914; right to buy desired by
United States, 1913.

Bond's position on bait question, U. S. C. C. Ap., 424, 1913-4.

Commercial privileges: must be given by special agreement, 1911; treaty of
1818 gives none, 1911; United States shows no title to, 1922-25.
Elder's argument on question 7, 1916, 1918, 1923-4.

Fishing from trading vessel, 1912.

Fishing distinguished from trading by Great Britain, 1911.

FITZPATRICK: Fishing from trading vessel, 1912. Hovering acts, 1917. Trad-

ing rights conferred upon individual, not vessel, 1916. Treaty of 1818 only
basis of award, 1918.

Hovering acts, FITZPATRICK, 1917.

LAMMASCH, treaty of 1818 only basis of award, 1919.

Municipal legislation not within scope of this tribunal, 1917.

Newfoundland's right to refuse right to sell bait, 1914.

Trader fishing imperils trading right, 1917.

Trading kept separate from fishing by Great Britain, 1911.

Trading rights conferred upon individual not vessel, FITZPATRICK, 1916.

Trading rights imperiled by fishing, 1917.

Trading vessel, may inhabitant of United States fish from, 1912.

Treaties cited: 1818, B. C. Ap., 30: gives no commercial privileges, 1911; only
basis of award, FITZPATRICK, 1918, LAMMASCH, 1919.

United States: desired right to buy bait, 1913; has burden of proving ques-
tion 7, 1919-21; produces no documentary evidence of rights, 1911; shows
no title to commercial privileges, 1922-25.

Robson, Sir William Snowden-Continued.

Reply argument, pp. 2231-2239. (Aug. 12, 1910.)

Alaska Packers' Association v. United States, 79 Fed., 152, "in common,"
2231.

Campbell v. Hall, Cowper's Rep., 204, powers of British Crown, 2233.
Cases cited: Campbell v. Hall, Cowper's Rep., 204, powers of British Crown,
2233. James G. Swan, 50 Fed., 108, "in common," 2231. United States v.
Alaska Packers' Association, 79 Fed., 152, “in common,” 2231. U. S. v.
Winans, 73 Fed. Rep., 72; 198 U. S., 371, 2232.

Halifax Commission's proceedings, no objection to introduction of, 2234.
Hall, Campbell v., powers of British Crown, Cowper's Rep., 204, 2233.
"In common:" United States v. Alaska Packers' Association, 79 Fed., 152,
2231. James G. Swan, 50 Fed. Rep., 108, 2231. United States v. Winans,
73 Fed., 72; 198 U. S., 371, 2232.

Newfoundland decision in 1820, O. A. Ap., 1421, powers of Crown over New-
foundland, 2232.

Swan, The James G., "in common," 50 Fed., 108, 2231.

United States v. Alaska Packers' Association, 79 Fed., 152, "in common," 2231.
Winans, United States v., 72 Fed., 72; 198 U. S., $71, "in common," 2232.

Root, Honorable Elihu.

Question 1, pp. 1928-2139. (Aug. 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 1910.)

Adams, Bathurst to, Oct. 30, 1815, U. S. C. Ap., 273: liberty and right,
1942-6; partition of empire theory, 2009-10; 1783 grant fell with war of
1812, 2060; refusal to continue grant of 1783, 2075-6.

Adams, full power granted to, to negotiate convention, Feb. 27, 1816, U. S.
C. Ap., 288, 2062.

Adams, Gallatin to, Nov. 6, 1818, B. C. Ap., 97: "forever," 2012; refusal of
Great Britain to renew grant of 1783, 2073.

Adams, Gallatin and Rush to, Oct. 20, 1818, U. S. C. Ap., 307, "forever,"

2012.

Adams, John, fishery right necessary to 1783 treaty, 1958.

Adams, Monroe to, Feb. 27, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 287, joint regulation, 2062. Adams to Bathurst, Jan. 22, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 286, "in common," 1947, joint regulations, 2061.

Adams to Castlereagh, Jan. 22, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 283, drying and curing fish, 2071.

Admission of British position by United States, 2096-2108.

Alaska Packers' Asso. v. U. S., 79 Fed. Rep., 152, treaty rights, 2133.

Aliens: right of, to hold property, LAMMASCH, 2033; rights to use shore,
Salisbury to Hoppin, Apr. 3, 1880, U. S. C. Ap., 683, 1965.

Amazon River, 2029.

American claim, general ideas of international law as basis for, LAMMASCH, 1990.

American fishermen: dependent upon American sovereignty, Lammasch, 2004; not subject to regulations, 2055.

"American fishermen," personification of vessel, 1956; used as equivalent of "people" and "inhabitants," DRAGO, 1955.

American internal relations, cases, and statutes have no relation to international question, 2132.

American right same as French right, 2039.

American right to use shore, Bond's speech, Apr. 7, 1905, U. S. C. C. Ap., 411, 1966.

Anstruther's report, Dec. 4, 1906, U. S. C. C. Ap., 366, modus vivendi of 1906, 1962, 2139.

Root, Honorable Elihu—Continued.

Question 1-Continued.

Argentine, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

Artopaeus, servitudes, 2128.

d'Aubigny to Iddesleigh, Sept. 20, 1886, U. S. C. C. Ap., 316, French rights,

2036.

Austin's definition of sovereignty, 2002-3.

Austria, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

Bagot to Monroe, Nov. 27, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 289, joint regulation, 2065;
Dec. 31, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 292, negotiations, 2067.
Bahia Blanca (bay), 1957.

Bahia Honda (bay), 1957.

Bait: 1959-1966. Act of 1887, B. C. Ap., 711, 1961. "Bait fishery" and
“bank fishery” were one, 1958. Bond, Sir Robert, speech on, U. S. C. C.
Ap., 447, 1959. Bond's policy to control, 1961. Conception Bay contro-
versy as to taking, affidavits, U. S. C. Ap., 715, 716, 1963-4. Fortune
Bay case affidavits, U. S. C. Ap., 694–5, 699, 700, 1962. See Newfound-
land legislation.

"Bancroft" treaties, LAMMASCH, 1956.

"Bank fishery" and "bait fishery" were one, 1958.

Bank fishery: length of season, LAMMASCH, 1973; summer fishery, 1960; value
of, stated by British at Halifax Arbitration, U. S. C. C. Ap., 554, 1958–9.
Bannerman, Newcastle to, Aug. 3, 1863, U. S. C. Ap., 1082, regulations non-
effective beyond 3 miles, 2086.

Banquereau, 2055.

Bantry Bay, 1457.

Basis of modern claim for limited maritime jurisdiction, 2006.

Bathurst, Adams to, Jan. 22, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 286, "in common," 1947;
joint regulations, 2061.

Bathurst to Adams, Oct. 30, 1815, U. S. C. Ap., 273: liberty and right,
1942-6; partition of empire theory, 2009-10; 1783 grant fell with war of
1812, 2060; refusal to continue grant of 1783, 2075-6.

Bathurst to Hamilton, June 21, 1819, B. C. Ap., 99, order in council of 1819,

2083.

Bathurst's admission of United States position, U. S. C. Ap., 274, 2108-9.
Bays: Bahia Blanca, 1957. Bahia Honda, 1957. Bantry, 1957. Bay of Islands,
1957. Biscay, 1957. Bonne, 1957. Chaleur, 1957. Conception, 1957, 1963-4.
Fortune, 1933-35, 1962, 1970, 2090-5; Fundy, 1957. Hudson, 1957.
Miramichi, 2054. Naples, 1957. New York, 1957. Placentia, 1970. Rio,
1957. St. Georges, 1957.

Bays, Americans fishing in, criticizing Finlay, 2055.

"Bays, harbors, creeks," 1957.

Biscay, Bay of, 1957.

Bluntschli, servitudes, 2125.

Bond on bait question, U. S. C. C. Ap., 447, 1959.

Bond, speech of Apr. 7, 1905, U. S. C. C. Ap., 411, rights of Americans to
use shore, 1966.

Bond's expression of purpose of legislation, U. S. C. C. Ap., 414, 1979.

Bond's policy of control of bait, 1961.

Bonfils, servitudes, 2125.

Bonne Bay, 1957.

Bothnia, Gulf of, 1957.

Boutwell, Fish to, Apr. 23, 1870, U. S. C. C. Ap., 187, Boutwell circular,

2100-7.

Root, Honorable Elihu-Continued.

Question 1-Continued.

Boutwell's circular, May 16, 1870, B. C. Ap., 235: Not admission of British position, 2100. Labrador coast, Magdalen islands, treaty coast, 2102. Boutwell's new circular, June 9, 1870, B. C. Ap., 237, 2105.

Brazil, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

British admission of correctness of United States position, 2108-10.

British subject resident of United States included in "inhabitant," LAM-
MASCH, 1956.

British imperial act of 1819, U. S. C. Ap., 112: contemplates no regulation,
2081; art. 4, LAMMASCH, 2081.

British negotiators' report in 1818 not presented to the court, 2074.

British position at Halifax proceedings, 1877, U. S. C. C. Ap., 551, 554, 1958–9.
British position, sovereignty controls regulations, 1989.

British statutes, schedule of, presented by Robson, discussed, 2042–54.
Buenos Ayres, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

"Bultows:" 1977; defined, 1967–8; legislation regarding, not uniform, 1968.
Calvo, servitudes, 2125.

Canada, statutes of. See Statutes cited.

Canadian act of 1870, repealing act of 1868, 2104–5.

Canals, 2030.

Canning, protocol of 1824, 1953.

Cape Chapeau Rouge, 1973.

Cape Raye, 1973.

Cardwell, Apr. 12, 1866, U. S. C. Ap., 601-10, admission by United States of
British position, 2097–99.

Cases cited: Queen v. Keyn, L. R. (1876), 2 Ex. Div., 63, claims to mari-
time jurisdiction, 2006. U. S. v. Alaska Packers' Asso., 79 Fed. Rep., 152,
treaty rights, 2133. U. S. v. J. G. Swan, 50 Fed. Rep., 108, treaty rights.
2133. U. S. v. Winans, 73 Fed. Rep., 72, reversed, 198 U. S., 371, treaty
rights, 2133. Wickham v. Hawker, 7 M. & W. Ex. Rep., 63, right of fish-
ery, 1942.

Castlereagh, Adams to, Jan. 22, 1816, U. S. C. Ap., 283, drying and curing,

2071.

Castlereagh, Robinson to, Oct. 10, 1818, B. C. Ap., 92, 2075; permanency of right, 2012; regulations, 2065.

Castlereagh, Robinson and Goulburn to, Sept., 1818, B. C. Ap., 86: liberty and right, 1945; joint regulations, 2067; permanency of right, 2012-13. Central America, treaties of. See Treaties cited.

Chaleur, Bay of, 1957.

Chrétien, servitudes, 2125, 2131.

"Citizens" and "inhabitants" convertible, protocol of 1824, Rush, Huskis

son, and Canning, U. S. C. C. Ap., 126, 1953.

"Citizens" or "subjects," "inhabitants" equivalent of, 1952.

Clarendon, Crampton to, Apr. 25, 1856, B. C. Ap., 210-211, suggested change

in Marcy's circular, 1932.

Clauss, authority of, 2001; servitudes, 2125, 2130.

Coast of Newfoundland from Cape Ray to Ramea Islands, 2066.

Cod traps, 1978.

Code civil of France, articles 637, 686, 697, 701, servitude, 2073-4.

Coke's Lyttleton, servitudes, 2118-9.

Colonial office to Foreign office, Feb. 12, 1887, U. S. C. C. Ap., 320, French right, 2036.

Columbia, treaties of. See Treaties cited.