The Modern Practice of Boiler Engineering: Containing Observations on the Construction of Steam Boilers; and Upon Furnances Used for Smoke Prevention, with a Chapter on ExplosionsE. and F.N. Spon, 1856 - 194 Seiten |
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Seite 194 - ... of the piston, so that no register of the amount of force producing this explosion was obtained.* The circumstances, as before, show that the steam was allowed to rise gradually until the boiler gave way. It is possible that there may be a relation between the space occupied by the water and that in which the steam is formed most favourable to the production of steam, and that when this was attained a rapid rise in elasticity took place; but there were no circumstances observed which would confirm...
Seite 132 - The explosion tore off one of the heads, bc, of the cylinder, projecting the other parts of the boiler in an opposite direction, carrying with them for a portion of the distance, the iron cylinder forming the furnace, and scattering the fuel in every direction. The report attending the explosion resembled that from a small mortar...
Seite 106 - CO. the bridge, the COLD air striking against the same part of the boiler bottom, which had just before been so unduly expanded by intense heat, a sudden contraction of the metal necessarily ensues, besides a great waste of fuel, and difficulty in keeping up the steam. I have long paid great attention to the operation of smoke-burning furnaces generally, and more particularly to those constructed on the principle so imperfectly attempted by Mr. Williams, that is, by supplying to the carbonaceous...
Seite 123 - ... of an inch thick, to which the curved portion was fixed by rivets, nearly touching each other. A single opening in one of the ends of the boiler admitted the water, which was then furnished with a screw, also with a tube and piston, connected with a small spring weighing machine. " Upon the cylinder of this machine a ring was placed, which was moveable along the cylinder by a slight pressure ; this ring was forced towards the end of the cylinder nearest to the boiler head, as the spring was bent,...
Seite 187 - To observe accurately the sort of bursting produced by a gradual increase of pressure within Cylinders of Iron and Copper. It has been contended by some, that ruptures produced by a gradual increase of pressure within steam boilers do not bear the character of explosions, but that a mere rending takes place, giving escape to the contents. This has been assumed to be especially the case with copper boilers. To make the observation required by the above question, cylinders of iron and copper were prepared,...
Seite 182 - ... deprived of its oxygen previously, else it will not do : — for thus wisely and thus learnedly argues this philosopher, "If oxygen be not present in the air, how can it otherwise be obtained ? How can we effect a union with a thing which is not ?" In extenuation of the marvellous superficiality of this gentleman's treatise, it may, perhaps, be urged that he wrote not for scientific, but for practical men. This argument might, perhaps, have some weight if by practical men were meant our working...
Seite 176 - ... convert the hydrocarbons so dissipated into the gaseous form. Numerous attempts have been made to obviate or diminish these sources of waste, by admitting into the flue or furnace a stream of air to accomplish the combustion of the inflammable parts of the smoke. But the difficulty of apportioning the quantity of air admitted to the varying wants of the fire, has been found an insuperable objection in the case of ordinary furnaces : whilst the refrigeratory effect of the excess of air it is necessary...
Seite 192 - The part of the boiler in which the leak had been observed was turned downwards, but a similar escape was found for the steam in the part now uppermost. The tension of the steam appeared to increase very slowly, and the fire passed its best action without effect; it was renewed, and as the water became lower the tension of the steam increased considerably. As before, nothing remarkable occurred previous to the instant of explosion, and the members of the committee, employed in the experiments, were...
Seite 106 - ... into the flame, drives the latter up against the boiler bottom in the manner of a blow pipe, causing it to impinge, with peculiar intensity, against that part of the boiler bottom immediately exposed to the direction of the blast. That on the other hand, as soon as the fire-grate has burned bright, the cold air striking against the same part of the boiler bottom, which had just before been unduly expanded by intense heat, a sudden contraction of the metal necessarily ensues, producing such an...
Seite 124 - Upon the cylinder of this machine a ring was placed, which was moveable along the cylinder by a slight pressure: this ring was forced towards the end of the cylinder nearest to the boiler head, as the spring was bent and remaining in its place when the spring relaxed, served to register the maximum pressure to which the piston had been exposed previous to observing it. The iron boiler was placed in a heavy cylinder of wrought iron, which served as a furnace, the axis of the boiler being nearly horizontal,...