drawn tubes or cases; fig. 2, is a perspective view of the same tube, after one end has been folded over like a hem, and nipped with a pair of nippers, (see fig. 3,) until the seam or joint, so made, is air-tight; fig. 4, is a perspective view of the same tube, after it has been filled with paint, with both ends folded over; fig. 5, is a longitudinal section of the tube or case, fitted with a nozzle or spout and cap; a, being a screw, on to which the cap b, screws; and c, a piece of cork, to keep the air from entering; fig. 6, is a perspective view of one of the tubes, half empty, shewing the sides, where the paint has been squeezed out, in a collapsed state, thereby preventing the ingress of air when the squeezing ceases, and before the cap can be screwed on again; fig. 7, is a sectional view of one of the drawn tubes, and the spout or funnel in the act of filling the tube.

The force with which the paint enters the tube, drives it off the end of the filler. The tube must not be quite filled, but an allowance must be made for the hem or seam, which is to be folded over after it comes off the filler.

The patentee claims, first,-preserving paints and other fluids, by enclosing them in drawn tubes or cases of tin or other metal, capable of being collapsed; secondly,-closing the said tubes or cases without the aid of cement or solder, by folding and nipping; thirdly,—adding, in certain cases, a nozzle or spout and screw, or other air-tight cap, to the said tubes or cases, or to any vessels, tubes, or cases, having the collapsing and other properties aforesaid; fourthly,filling such tubes or cases, or any other vessels, tubes, or cases, by means of spouts or funnels, reaching to the bottom of the tube or case, for the purpose of excluding the air during the process of filling; and lastly, the application of the metal tin generally, for the manufacture of collapsable drawn tubes or cases, or of collapsable vessels of any form,

for the purpose of expressing from them, and preserving in them paints and other fluids.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, September, 1841.]

TO WILLIAM WOOD, of Wilton, in the county of Wilts, carpet-manufacturer, for his invention of certain improvements in looms for weaving carpets and other fabrics.[Sealed 24th June, 1840.]

THIS invention applies to looms used for weaving certain descriptions of carpets, rugs, figured velvets, coach lace, and all kinds of fabrics, in which coloured figuring warp threads or yarns are used to form a raised face or figure on the fabric, by looping up such figuring yarns, by means of wires, as is common in all looms used for weaving Brussels carpets and other descriptions of carpeting.

The particular improvements consist in the method of weighting the bobbins which contain the coloured warp threads or figuring yarns, above referred to; and also in the method of mounting the bobbins on their axes in the bobbin frames.

In ordinary carpet looms, furnished with the necessary Jacquard apparatus, the usual plan of weighting the bobbins, is to attach a cord (having a weight at its lower end) to the periphery of a groove, formed at the end of each bobbin; which cord, as the drag or tension, caused by the action of the loom, takes place, becomes coiled round the groove, owing to the bobbin turning on its axis; and when the thread or yarn is slackened, (also by the action of the loom,) the weight, at the end of the cord, pulls the bobbin round the reverse way or back again, and thus takes up the

slack, as it is generally termed, of the yarn. Now, in this arrangement, although the diameter of the worsted or yarn, coiled round the bobbin, is gradually decreasing, as the carpet or other fabric is being made, yet the diameter of the groove on the pulley, to which the weighted cord is attached, remains the same, and consequently, there will be a greater and gradually increasing strain upon the yarn as it becomes used up; and the giving out and taking up of the slack cannot be performed in a regular and proper manner.

The object of these improvements is to equalize, as much as possible, the drag or tension during the whole time that the threads or yarn on the bobbin lasts, or is being used; so that, as the diameter of the yarn, wound upon the bobbin, decreases, the strain or drag of the weight shall be decreased also; that is, the leverage or radius of the part upon which the cord of the drag-weight is wound, shall decrease in proportion. This object is effected by adapting the drag-cord to the surface of the yarn, coiled upon the bobbin itself, instead of the pulley or groove, as in the old method.

The yarn or thread from the bobbin is passed through a ring, attached to the upper end of the drag-cord, and the drag of the weight is thus brought into direct connection with the yarn.

In Plate II., fig. 1, represents a partial plan view of an arrangement of bobbins, constructed according to this improvement; fig. 2, is a side view, taken partially in section of the same; figs. 3 and 4, are sectional views of one of the improved bobbins detached, and upon an enlarged scale. These figures are intended to shew the different positions of the weight, when the greatest tension or strain is on the yarn, and also when the slack has been let go after forming a loop; fig. 5, represents a front view of one of the improved bobbins, and upon the same scale as figs. 3 and 4;

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fig. 6, is a view of one of the old bobbins, with the groove or pulley at its end; and fig. 7, is a section of the same, taken through the groove in the line y, z.

In the old bobbin, the weight has always the same leverage as shewn in fig. 7, whether the bobbin be full or the yarn nearly expended; and as the leverage of the yarn on the bobbin is continually altering, the weight never acts with an equal tension; consequently, when the bobbin is full of worsted, or of the largest diameter, and at the greatest leverage or radius, it draws up the bullet or weight too easily; the effect of this is a waste of worsted, rough work, and a loss of time, in springing the slack threads back.

In figs. 1 and 2, a, a, a, a, represent the bobbins supplied with yarn, and mounted each on its own axis in frames b, b, b, b, made for that purpose. Thus each bobbin acts by itself, and cannot interfere with any of the surrounding ones. The bearings in which the axles of the bobbins are mounted, are thin plates of iron, attached in any convenient manner to strips of wood; consequently, the amount of friction offered to the axles of the bobbins against their bearings, must be very small.

The figuring yarns or threads are passed from the coil on the bobbins through metal rings d, d, and returned to the Jacquard apparatus, or to the loom, in the usual manner; the ring d, is attached to one end of a cord e, to the other end of which is a pendant weight f. When a bobbin is not at work, the ring is gradually drawn towards the middle of the front of the bobbin, and is thus in a position to pull hard, the friction being caused by the weighted cord coiled around the surface of the yarn, and by this effect, the work will be made much clearer at the back.

When the worsted from the bobbin is drawn up in the Jacquard or pattern, the additional tension is released, and allows the wire to be easily and fully covered.

The patentee claims the application of the weighted cord e, or any other weighted cord, strap, or chain, directly to the coil of yarn on the bobbin, by means of which, the leverage, against which the weight pulls, becomes gradually decreased, in proportion as the yarn or thread on the bobbin becomes worked up, or the diameter or radius of the coiled yarn reduced; and secondly, -the peculiar method of mounting the bobbins, with their separate axes, in their metal frames or bearings, as above described.-[Inrolled at the Petty Bag Office, December, 1840.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Berry.

TO WILLIAM NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery-lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil engineer, for an improved machine or apparatus for weighing various kinds of articles or goods,-being a communication.-[Sealed 19th September, 1839.]

IN Plate III., fig. 1, is a front view of the balance, and fig. 2, is a side view of the same. a, is a pulley, the axle of which being formed with knife-edges at its ends, hangs in pendant bearings b, b, made fast to a block c, above. The knife-edges of the axle are exactly in the axis of the pulley, and act upon the centres of obtuse angled steel pieces, let into the bearings b, b, for the purpose of reducing the friction as the pulley vibrates. An arm d, inserted into the periphery of the pulley, and standing in a radial direction from its axle, carries a cylindrical or other suitable weight e, which, with its arm, vibrates as a pendulum on the axle of the pulley.

A rope or chain f, attached at one end of the pulley, passes partly round or over the periphery of the pulley;