Steam Boiler Explosions: In Theory and in PracticeJ. Wiley & Sons, 1887 - 174 Seiten |
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accident action Author available energy boiler exploded boiler-house boiling point braces burst cause of explosion change of form Clark and Colburn construction corrosion crack crown-sheet curve cylindrical danger Defective destructive effect energy stored engine ergy experiments EXPLODED BOILER explosion occurred extent factor of safety feet long figure fire fire-box flues foot-pounds Franklin Institute furnace fusible plugs gauge gradually grooving high pressure hydrostatic test illustrated injury inspection iron Juniata iron Klaproth latent heat less liable locomotive locomotive boiler low-water lower metal nearly opening overheated oxidation pieces plates plosion portion pounds per square probably pyrometer quantity repaired result rivets rupture safe safety safety-valve Sandy Hook Scientific American seam seen serious sheet shell side sion square inch Steam Boilers steam-boiler explosions steam-pressure stored energy strains superheating surface take place tested thickness thrown tion torn tubes tubular boiler ture usually valve weak weakened weight yielding
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Seite 40 - That these evils may be greatly lessened, if not substantially removed, by means of precautionary and penal legislation, seems to be highly probable ; so far, therefore, as the subject can be regarded as within the constitutional purview of Congress, I earnestly recommend it to your prompt and serious consideration. I would also call your attention to the views I have heretofore expressed of the...
Seite 40 - The many distressing accidents which have of late occurred in that portion of our navigation carried on by the use of steam power, deserve the immediate and unremitting attention of the constituted authorities of the country. The fact that the number of those fatal disasters is constantly increasing, notwithstanding the grea,t improvements which are...
Seite 20 - ... steam escapes, and thereby diminishes the compressive force upon the water, a new issue of steam takes place from the water, reducing its temperature ; when this escapes, and further diminishes the compressive force, another issue of steam of lower elastic force from the water takes place, again reducing its temperature; and so on; till at length the temperature of the water is reduced to the atmospheric boiling-point, and the pressure of the steam (or rather the excess of steam-pressure over...
Seite 24 - The energy of gunpowder is somewhat variable, but it has been seen that a cubic foot of heated water, under a pressure of 60 or 70 pounds per square inch, has about the same energy as one pound of gunpowder. The gunpowder exploded has energy sufficient to raise its own weight to a height of nearly 50 miles, while the water has enough to raise its weight about one sixtieth that height.
Seite 39 - ... incurred. Under extreme circumstances the hydrogen which could be evolved would be very small in quantity : would not exert greater expansive force than the steam : would not with steam form an explosive mixture : would not be able to burn with explosion ; and probably not at all, if it, with the steam, escaped through an aperture into the air -or even into the fireplace.
Seite 23 - A steam boiler is not only an apparatus by means of which the potential energy of chemical affinity is rendered actual and available, but it is also a storage reservoir, or a magazine, in which a quantity of such energy is temporarily held; and this quantity, always enormous, is directly proportional to the weight of water and of steam which the boiler at the time contains. The energy of gunpowder is somewhat variable, but a cubic foot of heated water under a pressure of 60 or 70 Ibs.
Seite 40 - ... very clearly that they are in a great degree the result of criminal negligence on the part of those by whom the vessels are navigated, and to whose care and attention the lives and property of our citizens are so extensively intrusted.
Seite 72 - The results may be accepted as conclusive that the idea of explosions arising from the instantaneous generation of a large amount of steam through the injection of water on to hot plates is a fallacy.
Seite 90 - The cald ingot mold was then filled with this very hot metal. After the metal remaining in the crucible had stood for several minutes and had cooled considerably, it could be poured into water without causing the slightest explosion. It might be supposed that the result of this casting at a very high temperature would be to make bar Уо.
Seite 158 - Temperature of maximum vaporization of copper and iron under different circumstances. (2) The extension to practice, by the introduction of different quantities of water, under different circumstances of the metals. VII. To determine by actual experiment whether any permanently elastic fluids are produced within a boiler when the metal becomes intensely heated. VIII. To observe accurately the sort of bursting produced by a gradual increase of pressure, within cylinders of iron and copper. IX. To...