Trace Elements in Biochemistry

a-emitters absorbed abundances accumulated acid activity amounts angiosperms anions anoxygenic atmosphere atoms bacteria biosphere blood Bowen brown algae calcareous tissues calcium carbonate carbon dioxide cations cells chemical clay minerals composition concentration contain cycle deuterium elements enriched enzymes essential excreted fission products fractionation Fresh water function fungi highly toxic humus hydrogen hydrous oxides Igneous rocks ingestion Durbin ions iron Isotopes kidney Land animals Land plants Lime Limestones liver Lounamaa magnesium mammalian bone mammals Marine animals Marine organisms Marine plants metabolism metals moderately toxic molecules molluscs neutron-capture nitrate nitrogen nuclides ocean organic matter oxidation oxygen particles phosphate photosynthesis plankton pollution potassium processes proteins radioactive radionuclides red algae Sandstones scarcely toxic Sea water sediments Shales slightly toxic sodium soil solution soluble species sulphate sulphide sulphur Table temperature terrestrial toxic toxic to mammals toxic to plants Underwood 1962 uptake Vinogradov