pendant positions of the sheets of paper while drying. On the descending side of the endless chains, the same takes place; and when the rollers u, successively come to the level of the sliding bar Y, the friction. piece g*, acts against the edge of the disc as before,· and by turning the roller, discharges the sheet of paper from the machine. It is to be observed, that the drying apparatus, last described, should be enclosed as before, and a current of heated air passed through it, for the purpose of drying the paper quickly.—[Inrolled in the Rolls Chapel Office, 15th May, 1835.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Berry.

To Sir JOHN BYERLEY, of Whitehead's-grove, in the parish of St. Luke, Chelsea, in the county of Middlesex, for an invention of a composition which will effect a considerable saving in oil and soap used in the woollen manufactories, communicated to him from a foreigner residing abroad.-[Sealed 22nd April, 1835.]

THE nature of this invention consists in the use and employment of a certain fluid composition (consisting of a saturated solution of lime in water, and a certain quantity of oil properly mixed together, as hereinafter more particularly mentioned and described), for those purposes for which oil is now used in the woollen manufactories, in the preparation and manufacture of wool, whereby a very great saving which may, it is stated, amount to seventy-five per cent. of the quantity of oil now required, or thereabouts; and also a large portion of the soap requisite to cleanse the wool, after

the use and employment of oil in the present mode, will be effected.

The Patentee proceeds to describe the manner in which the said invention is to be performed by the following directions and particulars; that is to say, "to obtain a saturated solution of lime and water in sufficient quantity, I would recommend a tank, or tanks of convenient size for the quantity required in the manufactory, where the same is to be used with a cock or tap in the side, at a convenient distance from the bottom, to draw off the lime water when saturated. When the tank is filled with water, and a quantity of lime, slacked or unslacked, more than sufficient to saturate the water, is put in, (water not being capable of holding a solution more than about one five-hundredth part of its own weight of lime,) the water and lime should be agitated together for a sufficient time, in order that a solution of the lime may take place to saturation, say for a period of from half an hour to an hour; after which, the lime not in solution should be suffered to subside at the bottom of the tank, being allowed from six to twelve hours for that purpose, according to the quantity. The lime water so saturated may then be drawn off at the cock or tap, and a further solution obtained by a repetition of the above process. The softest water is desirable for this purpose, and distilled rain or soft river water are to be preferred. It is evident that lime, whether slacked or unslacked, may be used in preparing the lime water; but it is preferable to use properly slacked lime, as the saturated solution of lime is thereby obtained in a much shorter time. The composition I recommend, is formed and composed of three parts of the saturated solution of lime in water, and one part of any of the oils in use of the woollen manufactories for

VOL. VIII.

the like purposes, which should be mixed together in the above proportions in a convenient tank or vessel, and kept in agitation together by any ordinary method, until such mixture of the lime water and oil shall be completely effected, and the fluid shall have become homogeneous; in which state it is ready for use. The proportion of three parts of lime water and one of oil is not absolutely necessary and essential, but it is the proportion which I prefer, especially for fine wools. The oil, however, may be permitted to bear a somewhat larger proportion than a fourth part, particularly in the preparation of coarse wools, and may then extend to one third part; but the lime water should never exceed three-fourth parts in the composition. The composition thus prepared, may then be used and applied instead of oil in the preparation and manufacture of wool, and may be used for that purpose in the proportion of twenty-two pounds weight of the composition to one hundred pounds weight of wool, or thereabouts; and the wool is afterwards to be cleared from the composition in the same way as it is cleared from oil in the ordinary manufacture, which will require a much smaller quantity of soap than it consumes when oil alone is used.

"Now, whereas, I do not claim as my invention or improvement the saturated solution of lime in water, nor the mixture of such solution with oil, nor the mode of preparing the saturated solution of lime water, nor the mode of preparing the said composition, but only the application of the said composition in the woollen manufacture, instead of oil alone, as above described; thereby occasioning a great saving of oil and soap in the woollen manufactories; and such invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely new,

and never before used in that part of his Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, his dominion of Wales, or town of Berwickupon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my specification of the said invention; and that I do verily believe this my said specification, doth comply in all respects fully and without disguise with the proviso in the said hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege tot he said invention.”—[Inrolled in the Rolls Chapel Office, 2nd October, 1835.]

TO JOHN LEVERS, of New Radford, in the county of Nottingham, machine-maker; and JAMES PEdder, of New Radford, in the county of Nottingham, lacemaker, for their invention of certain improvements in making bobbin-net lace.—[Sealed 27th February, 1835.]

THESE improvements in machinery for making bobbinnet lace, apply to that description of machines in which the bobbins and carriages are worked by means of fluted rollers and circular combs; and consists in a peculiar mechanism to be appended to such machines for the purpose of commanding certain of the bobbin carriages, in order to prevent their traversing, and to cause the other bobbin carriages that do traverse to turn again at the selvages, for the purpose of dividing the sheet of net into any desired number of breadths: the object of which is, that embroidered patterns or figures of various kinds may be wrought on the edges of each breadth. These objects are effected by making the back fluted rollers hollow, and introducing through the centre of

each hollow roller a longitudinal shaft carrying toothed segments; which toothed segments, when so mounted upon the central shafts, are intended to act in spaces or grooves cut round the peripheries of the hollow rollers; the teeth of the segments being coincident with the flutes of the rollers. The toothed segments are at certain periods of the evolutions of the machine kept stationary, although the rollers turn; which holding of the segments is for the purpose of preventing the nontraversing bobbin carriages, and the turn-again bobbin carriages of each breadth being moved by the revolving rollers; and this occasional retention of those bobbins and carriages, in connexion with the suitable shogging of the bars, produces those movements which are calculated to form selvages and lacing. The holding of the toothed segments is effected by a pendant sector-rack, acting on pinions fixed at the end of each of the internal longitudinal shafts of the back rollers, which sectorrack is actuated through the agency of levers by pecu_ liarly formed cams. The peripheries of these cams determine or govern the vibrating movements of the sectorrack, which drives or holds the toothed segments that act upon the non-traversing and lacing bobbins; whilst another set of cams, or what is technically called cut of wheels, give the required longitudinal or shogging movements to the bars which cause the selvages or patterns to be worked upon the lace. It is to be understood, that the toothed segments introduced into the back fluted rollers may be of any and various thicknesses, in order to cover one or more of the gates of the combs that is to act simultaneously upon one or upon any number of carriages in the back rollers.

In Plate III., fig. 11, represents the four fluted rollers a, a, and b, b, in section, as they would be