to work them up; and, to tax the people "nic Majesty promises in his own name, and in that of his heirs and successors, never to acknowledge, as King of Portugal, any "Prince other than the heir and representative "of the Royal House of Braganza; and his Majesty also engages to renew and main"tain with the Regency (which his Royal "Highness may establish in Portugal) "the relations of friendship which have "so long united the Crowns of Great 66 of England for money to be spent in ship-" building at a distance equal to more than one half, I believe, of the space that is between us and the directly opposite side of the world.-Alas! this is not the way that the Emperor Napoleon goes to work. He looks out for arsenals nearer home. He goes to Sweden and Norway, whence we get our Iron and our Timber, and he takes, by due degrees, possession of every chan-Britain and Portugal."There is very nel, through which we draw our naval little to be said upon this. The King prostores. He makes arsenals on the banks mises, for himself and his heirs and sucof the Scheldt, and the news, under the cessors, "NEVER to acknowledge, as head of Antwerp of this very day, tells us, "king" (or sovereign, I suppose) " of Porthat "the two ships of the line that were tugal," any body but the heir of the "launched this year from this harbour, have House of Braganza; that is to say, any "made room for the Hymen and the Mo-body but the Prince Regent and his suc"narch, of 110 guns, which are now on the cessors. I have only to add, that this pro"stocks." Each of which ships will, I am mise is made "IN THE NAME OF THE satisfied, be built and sent to sea at a less "MOST HOLY AND UNDIVIDED . expence than we could build and fit out a TRINITY."This being the case, it gun-boat in the Brazils. So much for is, I think, high time that we begin to inthe "privilege" secured to us by the 6th quire what sort of a state this same PortuArticle of the Treaty before us; so much gal is now in; whence we shall, perhaps, for what the "fashionable world's" print be able to form something like an estimate speaks of as "an important advantage, con- of the probable cost of adhering to this "ceded to this country, of purchasing and promise, made with a degree of solemnity "cutting down timber in the FORESTS of and piety, so truly characteristic. "Brazil, for building ships of war, and for "building, equipping, or repairing ships "of war within the Brazilian Ports and "Harbours.". -Brazilian Ports! Brazilian harbours! But, the "FORESTS of "Brazil' amuse one the most. The FORESTS! Like the New Forest, I suppose; or the Forest of Bere; or Wolmer Forest; or Holt Forest? "Oh, no! a great deal finer and larger than any of these, and better set with wood." Aye, I'll warrant you; but, reader, let me, who have seen a great deal of this sort of " Forest" land, assure you, that the spot that was covered, by the carcasses of my two heifers, last night, in the Forest of Bere, is worth more, in any view with which an estimate can be made, than any million or ten million of acres of the "Forests" of Brazil; and this, whatever foolish Englishman shall try the experiment will, when it is too late, find to be true; and, therefore, I would anxiously caution my credulous Countrymen in general, against this new delusion, which I trust will be reserved gates of Madrid, and intercepts the for the exclusive benefit of the "fashion- "French dispatches ;". -that, when fol"able world," to whose adventures, in this lowed the farmer and his men (adopting way, I most heartily wish success.-———— -The the practice of partridges) disperse to 3d article of the Treaty is as follows: meet again at the rallying point; that "The seat of the Portuguese Monarchy Lord Talavera frankly says, that if he is "being established in Brazil, his Britan-blessed with health and a continuance of PORTUGAL.In my last Number, at page 371, I was so pressed for room, that I could not resume my remarks upon the war in Portugal, which had been, in the former Number, page 342, brought down to about the 20th of August, at which time the enemy had, it was said, begun the siege of the fortress of ALMEIDA, but with every prospect of not soon succeeding in reducing it. But, I will, before I presume to offer any remarks upon these matters myself, go back, and state what, through the channel of the Morning Post, the "fashionable world" have sucked in like mother's-milk, since the time here referred to.- -They have been told, that in Spain, not fewer than 1,500 deserters from the French army entered into our service about the 21st of August, on the side of Gibraltar ;--that on the side of Madrid there is "a farmer, a fine dushing 'young fellow," at the head of about 1,500 men, who sometimes" dashes into the very 66 views of an ambitious faction;--that the people in Portugal vie with each other in zeal for the good cause ;--that the desertions from the French army continue; that 70 men came over lately in one day and some of these were Frenchmen; that our army is getting ready for a general engagement, and that, though a bloody, it will doubtless be a glorious day for Britain, as the armies are nearly equal in force;that the soldiers of the French army are very much discontented, in consequence of being obliged to cut the corn and to thrash and grind it (whether with their teeth or not, is not mentioned);that Lord Talavera, tells our government, in his last dispatches that Massena is in such distress for provisions, that he was obliged to send one half of his army back into Spain;-that the royal academy of Lisbon has proposed the following question: "What good spirits, he has no fear for the result of | Buonaparte's admirers, and frustrate the the expected general action; that Marshal Beresford has transmitted to the council of regency an eagle taken from the Swiss battalion lately made prisoners of war;that (for the sake, we may sup pose, of shewing what valour it required to take this eagle from the Swiss) a body of Swiss troops to the number of 500, deserted to the British army, on the 29th of August with all their arms and accoutrements;that Lord Talavera's proclamation denouncing punishment against those Portuguese who may favour the French, and that his general orders respecting those officers who send home news from his army, and who are called by this writer traitors to their country, must be read with satisfaction and make us happy;that, turning again to the side of Spain the Junta at Cadiz had heard what the governor of Madrid had said in a whisper at his table;that king Joseph had narrowly escaped being murdered, that his goods were all packing up at Madrid, that he had escaped from the play-house on foot, that general Morla" was put in a state of arrest because he said he thought the game was up, that poor Joseph had reached almost the end of his cares of royalty, that he was about to quit Madrid, that his brother had sent for him home to France, that there was a general pack up at Madrid, that the sale of provisions at the palace at Madrid, had actually commenced, and that this intelligence all came from a source " of unquestionable "authenticity," namely that of a Spanish officer, who had "entered the service of Joseph, in order that he might have an opportunity of coming over to us;"that, (turning now back again to Portugal) the French army shews an aweful respect for the gallantry of Lord Talavera, whose caution, vigilance, judgment, and sagacity, have out-witted Massena ;—— that the opposition in England do not rejoice in the present prospect of things, which sheds such additional lustre on our military fame; that the ministers, their adherents, and every good subject, heartily exult in the present posture of things, both in Spain and Portugal, a pos- place on the night of the 27th.Some ture of things which falsifies the promises, "prisoners taken on the 28th report, that which derides the threats, which defeats the "the magazines of the Fort blew up on projects, and which confounds the ambi- "the night of the 25th; that on the 27th tion of Buonaparté, and to true British "the Governor proposed to surrender the hearts such prospects and events must ever" place on condition that the garrison be matter of proud exultation, however" and inhabitants might join Lord Welthey may disappoint the expectations of “ lington's army, but this was refused, Yes, will be the most proper mode of erecting, " in Portugal, a monument of eternal gra ❝titude, that may preserve to posterity an indelible testimony of British generosuy, "which, by the most costly sacrifices, has liberally bestowed all the means of "saving our country, and maintaining its "independence. Essays on the subject are "to be received till the end of December.”This was what had been stated in these prints up to the 10th of this month. Ou the 17th, the "fashionable world" wer told, that Almeida had fallen !that Almeida had failen, that Mr. Cox, the English Colonel, who commanded in it, was safe, that the event was produced by treachery. But on the 18th, out comes the truth; or, at least, a part of the truth, in the following words; before we insert which, however, let us ask, how it comes to pass, that these dispatches of my Lord Talavera, have not been published. Why should these dispatches more than other dispatches, be kept from the eye of the public?" Dispatches were received "this morning from Lord Wellington, by "which it appears that the enemy opened "his fire upon Almeida on the night of the "25th, ult. and obtained possession of the " " - and the fire was renewed. The Go"vernor held out while his ammunition lasted, and surrendered at two a. m. of "the 28th. Offers had been made to the garrison to take them into the French "service, but they all rejected the offer with indignation, and preferred being sent pri" soners to France.- -The weather had interrupted Lord Wellington's tele"graphic communication with Almeida "on the 26th and great part of the 27th, "so that he had no opportunity of knowing "its situation after the explosion of the "magazine. — Lord Wellington has again moved his infantry to the Val"ley of Mondego, keeping a division on "Guarda. His cavalry outposts at Al" verca, Head-quarters at Celorico. On "the 25th some skirmishes took place be"tween the piquets: Captain Lygon of the 16th, was wounded. A piquet of the Royal Dragoons made a gallant and *successful charge upon the body of the enemy, and made some prisoners.Regnier has made no material movement. Sixty of his cavalry had been cut off by a corps of the 13th Light 'Dragoons, and a troop of the 4th Portuguese Dragoons under Captain White, "and the whole were made prisoners, except the Commanding Officer and one Iman who were killed. This has been a very creditable affair to the allied caval'ry.-In the North, a French corps ad"vanced on the 20th to Alcanezas, but on "the approach of Genera! Silveira, from "Braganza, they immediately retreated. "Lord Wellington's dispatch is dated " " Celorico, the 29th ult.Since writing "the above we hear that 500 men were "blown up when the magazine of Almeida exploded. The Governor, Cox, is among "the wounded."- --Thus, you see, reader, every thing favourable, that they told us was false. Mr. Cox, it appears, is, not safe; the event was not produced by treachery; the resistance made, was of no duration worth speaking of; and, reader, do you not blush, to reflect that they are 'your countrymen, who, after what you Lave read above, attempt to make an apology for the surrender of this fortress, which apology they ground upon assertions about huzy weather and want of ammunition? These same writers, even at the very time that they are communicating this event to the public, put forth a string of new falsehoods. They assert that the fall of this fortress can have no influence on the fortunes of the campaign; that the spirit of resistance to the French daily spreads wider and burns fiercer; and that, in short, our prospects in that part of the world are brighter than ever.Here I should quit the subject of the war in Portugal for the present, were I not called upon for a word or two by way of answer to the Morning Chronicle, which print, contrary to its general character for correctness, had stated previous to my number of the 8th instant, that we had but a handful of men in Portugal, upon which I made a remark (at page 312) which the Morning Chronicle has since construed into a sneer. I did not sneer; but, if I had, I am sure Mr. Perry will now excuse the sneer, when he has attentively examined the following document, (doubtless authentic) taken from the COURIER, ministerial news-paper of the 17th instant. 24 Regiments of Portuguese In ... fantry, of 1,550 men each 12 of Cavalry, 594 each ........ 6 Battalions of Chasseurs, of 628 men each ...... 4 Regiments of Artillery, of The Loyal Lusitanian Legion... 1,200 men each ..... 4 ditto ditto, 1,148 men each ... Portuguese Regulars ...... 45 Regiments of Portuguese Militia, at 1,101 men each English Army .... 37,000 7,128 3,768 2,207 4,800 4,592 59,755 52,848 112,603 30,000 Total..... 142,603 What, then! Where is now the man; I would fain see the man, with a wig or in his own hair; I would fain see the man, who would attempt, after this, to take from me any part of my army of SIXTY THOUSAND FIGHTING MEN. Here rare, as the reader will see, 142 thousand men; and, surely this is not a handful," Mr. Perry. It is a number far greater than it has ever been pretended Masseria had. Well, then, may we make sure of final success, seeing, too, that Massena's army is daily and hourly wasting with hunger, sickness, and desertion, a fact which is stated in every packet of letters that arrives. Observe, too, that this statement does not include Romana's army, which, from the last accounts, appears to be 20 thousand more, which would make the whole amount to 162 thousand men, with shall be inflicted on persons who allow themselves to be robbed, and they shall moreover be liable to the regulations contained in the 1st article.-V. Districts that furnish assistance to the bands of robbers, whether in men, horses, beasts of burthen, provisions or forage, or which suffer them to be carried off, shall be obliged to pay into the Royal Treasury three times the value of the articles so supplied, and shall be brought before a tribunal to be tried by the laws against such persons as give assistance in any way to robbers, and against the families of those who attach themselves to such bands.-VI. No spe cies of indemnity will be received for the pains and penalties contained in the foregoing articles, unless the inhabitants shall prove that they resisted, and that they were obliged to yield to a superiority of force, which must in all such cases exceed half the population.-VII. Should it happen that district is surprised by a considerable number of robbers, and that its force is not sufficient to repel them, the magistrates are enjoined to adopt all pos sible means of making it known to the troops in the neighbouring districts, who, so soon as they are apprized of it, are to march without delay to the assistance of the districts that are attacked; but should there be the least neglect on any side in this respect, those guilty of it shall be punished.-VIII. The Magistrates of every district are personally responsible for strangers travelling therein, and those residing in it. It is their duty to arrest all Don Blas de Aranza, Counsellor of State of his Catholic Majesty, Royal Commissary, Prefect of this Province, &c. His Excellency the Marshal of the Empire, Duke of Dalmatia, has transmitted to me the following orders, dated the 7th inst.: -The state of the South of Spain imperiously requires that vigorous measures should be adopted to encourage respectable people, and destroy those factious bands who endeavour to excite in this unhappy kingdom all the horrors of civil war it is therefore become necessary, in consequence of this state of affairs, to rigidly enforce the following orders:1. In every place where a civic guard is not organized, and where it is consequently necessary to station Imperial troops to maintain peace and prevent disorders, the pay of the said troops, during the time they may remain in such cantonments, is to be discharged by the in-persons travelling without a regular passhabitants, who are moreover bound to supply them with the usual articles of subsistence.-II. Whatever may be the nature of any crime committed in a district, the inhabitants shall be obliged to pay the value of the stolen property; and in addition thereto, an extraordinary war contribution shall be imposed on them. III. All districts that organize a civic guard, or volunteer companies, for the purpose of protecting the public establishments, maintaining tranquillity, and repressing robbery, shall be exempt from this burthen and penalty.-IV. All the inhabitants of a district are responsible in-IX. There is no other Spanish army a mass for the safety and preservation of than that of the King Don Joseph Napothe public funds, as well as the royal leon. Therefore all collections of persons treasure; should it, therefore, happen that in the provinces, whatever be their num the districts suffer this property to be car- ber or whoever be their leader, shall be conried off by robbers, they shall be imne-sidered only as so many gangs of robbers, diately amerced in a sum triple the value whose sole object is plunder and murder. of the stolen property. The same penalty Every one belonging to these gangs, who is port; those who shall not make known their means of living; persons whose conduct becomes suspicious from making se ditious proposals, exciting the inhabitants to join the insurgents, distributing procla mations or false intelligence contrary to the Government of his most Catholic Majesty the King, Don Joseph Napoleon, or maintaining an understanding with the rebels. The persons arrested shall be conducted by the Magistrates to the principal town in the provincial district, and brought be fore the respective Tribunals, by which they shall be immediately brought to trial. taken with arms in his hands, shall be immediately tried by the military Prevot and shot, and his body exposed on the highway.-X. Every individual who shall arrest a murderer or robber who is convicted of being such, shall receive a reward of 100 francs; which shall be encreased in proportion to the consequence of the person arrested.These are the measures which appear to me the most effectual for re-establishing order. They cannot be considered as too severe, when it is known that the weight of them is intended to fall upon criminals, who have hitherto defied the ordinary laws. The object I have in view will be partially obtained, if the respectable classes of the community, animated by greater confidence, will henceforth display more energy, and by so doing render themselves more worthy of the approbation of his Most Catholic Majesty. (Signed) The Marshal DUKE OF DALMATIA. That every one may become acquainted with this, and no one pretend ignorance of it, I have ordered it to be published, in obedience to his Majesty's orders communicated by his Excellency the Duke of Dalmatia. (Signed) BLAS DE ARANZA. said Duke of Dalmatia, and the French Marshals, and Generals, attempt to justify the unexampled horrors which they commit in countries they have unjustly attacked, and the denaturalization of the small number of Spanish wretches, who by assisting such robbers, flatter themselves they shall be able to complete their perfidious plan of usurpation, by means revolting to humanity, have ordered that the following articles be observed and put in execution.-I. They renew the declaration of the Central Junta on the 20th of March in last year; to wit, that every inhabitant of Spain, capable of bearing. arms, is a soldier of his country, because, in consequence of the measures already taken, every Spaniard is obliged to take up arms against the brigands who infest the Peninsula, and join the armies, the flying corps, the detachments, or Guer rillas, acting together or separately, or composing the corps of reserve or garrisons.-II. If on the arrival of the national troops in any district, they shall find there a body, calling itself the Civic Guard, appointed by the Usurper Joseph, the commanders of battalions and other superior officers of such guard shall be immediately taken before the next justices; and in case the national troops have Retaliatory Proclamation, issued at Cadiz, been fired on, the chief or chiefs who or 15th Aug. 1810. The Council of Regency of the king doms of Spain and the Indies, governing these States in the name of their King Ferdinand VII, a prisoner, feeling the utmost horror and indignation on reading a kind of Decree signed at Seville on the 9th May of the present year, by a lunatic, calling himself the Duke of Dalmatia, and published by a degenerate Spaniard of the name of Blas de Aranza, would have forthwith adopted measures against a proceeding offensive to the brave defenders of their religion, their king, and their country, if they could have conceived that the articles of this sanguinary decree were intended to be put in force: but, as experience has not left the least doubt on this point, the Counci! of Regency feels itself under the necessity of departing from the bounds of that sober conduct, inspired till this moment by their own noble sentiments and those of the magnanimous nation that has placed them at its head, whose dignity it considers to have been grossly insulted; and considering how improperly the epithets of robbers and murderers are applied, by which the dered it shall be brought before a council |