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Rockefeller Center-Radio City

Source: Officials of the Development

Rockefeller Center, the largest privately-owned business and entertainment center in America, is located in the heart of New York City, from 48th to 51st Sts., between Fifth and Sixth Aves.; 75,000 men were directly employed in the construction of its 14 buildings. Construction of the first-the RKO Building-was started in Sept., 1931. The final rivet in the 14th and final building-the 20-story U. S. Rubber Co. structure at the N.E. corner of Sixth Ave. and 48th St.-was driven on November 1, 1939, by John D. Rockefeller, Jr.

The surface area of Rockefeller Center covers 513,575 sq. ft., almost 12 acres, of which 445,600 sq. ft. are leased for a long period from Columbia University.

Five edifices in the west part of the CenterRadio City Music Hall (121 ft. tall), RKO Building (409 ft. tall), RCA Building (850 ft. tall), RCA Building West (243 ft. tall), Center Theatre (106 ft. tall), comprise "Radio City." The studios and headquarters of the National Broadcasting Co. are located in the RCA Building.

The 9 other Center structures are: The United States Rubber Co. Building (280 ft. tall), British Empire Building (130 ft. tall), La Maison Francaise (130 ft. tall), Palazzo d'Italia (85 ft. tall), International Building East (85 ft. tall), International Building (512 ft. tall), Time & Life Building (409 ft. tall), Associated Press Building (226 ft. tall). Eastern Air Lines Building (275 ft. tall).

The estimated daily population of Rockefeller Center, 151,000, is surpassed by the population of only 51 cities in the United States. More than 26,000 work there and 125,000 persons visit there every day. In the Center are the business offices of more than 2,000 companies and their subsidiaries, including the editorial offices of the Associated Press and many national publications. Practically every other important field of business is also represented in the tenancy.

In the Center, are 25 restaurants; the New York Museum of Science and Industry: U. S. Post Office: government passport bureau; group of 12 land

scaped sky gardens; consulates of 19 foreign countries: an underground bonded warehouse; many special exhibitions; an employee gymnasium; and. in season, an outdoor skating pond, and a roller skating rink.

In gross area, 2,924,036 sq. ft., the RCA Building is the largest office structure in the world. It has a ground area of 99,770 sq. ft., with a frontage of 155 ft. on Sixth Ave., 472 ft. on 49th St., 468 ft. on 50th St., and 191 ft. on Rockefeller Plaza. On the 70th floor are the Observation Roofs, 904 ft. above mean high water level, and 850 ft. above the street. These roofs are built on three levels, are 200 ft. long and 20 ft. wide. From them may be seen a panoramic view of the city, its harbors and surroundings points of interest.

The Radio City Music Hall is the largest indoor theater in the world and seats 6,200 people.

A series of sub-surface Concourses-air-conditioned and flanked by specialty shops-provide pedestrian traffic facilities beneath the buildings and streets, so that it is possible for visitors to pass underground through most of the buildings: air-conditioning plants give the Center the world's largest air-conditioning system for human comfort in a commercial development.

The "Main Street" of Rockefeller Center is Rockefeller Plaza, a private street 60 feet wide, running between 48th and 51st Sts. 355 ft. west of Fifth Ave., and parallel to it. From Fifth Ave. a Promenade, the "Channel", leads down toward the Plaza and the RCA Building. It is 50 ft. wide and 200 ft. long and contains 6 shallow reflecting pools surrounded by shrubs and flowers. At the end of the Channel lies the Lower Plaza, a sunken court 125 ft. wide and 95 ft. long, used for ice skating in the winter, roller skating in the spring, and for an outdoor cafe in the summer. The Prometheus Fountain is located in the Lower Plaza.

Throughout the buildings there are more than 90 examples of the work of outstanding contemporary artists. These include sculpture in stone, glass and bronze, and murals in many media.

Grant's Tomb

Source: The

The monumental tomb of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, which overlooks the Hudson River, at Riverside Drive and 123rd St., Manhattan, was built by popular subscription at a cost of $600,000. The architect was John H. Duncan, who died (Oct. 1929).

The tomb, 150 feet high and 90 feet square, is surmounted by a circular cupola and pyramidal top. The exterior is of granite from Maine and New Hampshire quarries.

Ground was broken (April 27 [Grant's birthday], 1891) the cornerstone was laid (April 27, 1892) by President Benjamin Harrison, the body was removed from the temporary tomb (April 17, 1897) and placed in the Mausoleum; the dedication cere

Custodian

monies were held (April 27, 1897).

The Tomb is open from 9:00 A. M. to 5:00 P. M.. or sundown. Admission free at all times. body of Gen. U. S. Grant; the other that of his There are two sarcophagi, one containing the wife, Julia Dent Grant.

The bodies of Gen. Grant and his wife are in the original caskets of oak which are within cedar lead-lined boxes, and both of these are in the sarcophagi.

Also in the tomb are bronze busts of the generals who were on Grant's staff in the Civil War-Sherman, Sheridan, Thomas, Ord and McPherson.

Gen. Grant was born (April 27, 1822) and died (July 23, 1885) at Mt. McGregor, Saratoga, N. Y.

The Greater New York Fund

Source: An Official of the The Greater New York Fund, organized in 1938, is a permanent, philanthropic organization appealing annualy to business enterprises and employee groups for contributions to help support voluntary welfare and health agencies. Services of the 400 Fund agencies are available without discrimination to all races and creeds and are used by approximately 2,000,000 New Yorkers annually.

Organizations affiliated with the Fund must be incorporated and serve people in or from New York City either free or at less than cost. Accounts must be audited annually and management vested in a

Institution (52 Wall Street)

competent-staff and a responsible board of direc

tors.

Services offered by Fund agencies are as follows: Hospital and clinical care for the acute and chronically ill; nursing and health services; help for families and adults in trouble; child welfare activities, including foster care in family homes or in institutions for children who are dependent, neglected or delinquent; care of the aged: recreation and group work; planning and coordination of community resources for the treatment of health and welfare problems.

Woodrow Wilson Foundation

Source: Officials of the Organization

Col. Charles A. Lindbergh (March 19, 1928). received the Woodrow Wilson medal and the Foundation's $25,000 peace award at a dinner at N. Y. City.

Former Secretary of State Elihu Root also was awarded $25,000 and the Foundation medal. Another recipient of the medal was the late Thomas G. Masaryk, president of Czechoslovakia.

An award of $25,000 was granted (1929) to the League of Nations in Geneva to be used in erecting a memorial to Woodrow Wilson in the new Secretariat building now being constructed.

Since then there have been annual awards.

The recipients of the Foundation Medal (1937) were Secretary of State Cordell Hull, and Ambassador Norman H. Davis.

The Woodrow Wilson Memorial Library, formerly the League of Nations Association Library, is owned and controlled by the Woodrow Wilson Foundation, 8 W. 40th Street, New York. Librarian, Helen E. Wheeler.

The library is open to the public for reference service during office hours.

The foundation was established (Dec. 23, 1922) and its National headquarters are 8 W. 40th St. New York City. Executive Sect'y. Agnes F. Heaney

New York Zoological Park (Bronx Zoo)

Source: An Official of the Society

"The greatest Zoo in the world," is the phrase, containing pet wild and domestic animals in generally applied to the New York Zoological Park, familiarly known to its 4,000,000 annual visitors as the Bronx Zoo.

The major buildings envisoned in the original plan were all erected by 1922 and for a period of 18 years the Zoo was comparatively static as far as new building and reconstruction along modern exhibition lines were concerned. The animal collections from the very beginning were outstanding among the great Zoos of the world and through the "Twenties and 'Thirties they held their own but in exhibition technique some of the newer Zoos in the United States began to take the lead, with moated and barless enclosures and out-ofdoors exhibits.

Beginning in 1940 and continuing at an increased pace during 1941, the Bronx Zoo undertook a thorough revision of its plan of exhibition. The first major change was the creation of an African Plains exhibition, comprising about 5 acres of rolling land in the southeast corner of the Zoo. A flat, rocky island was carved out as a Lion Island and set off from the rest of the area by moats eighteen feet deep and twenty feet wide. On this 15-acre Lion Island five young lions are at apparently complete liberty-at actual liberty as far as the area of their island is concerned. Planting skillfully hides the moats and from the edge of their island the lions look out over the rest of the African Plains where eleven species of mammals and twelve species of birds roam at liberty. public walk follows the perimeter of the African Plains, on top of the low wall that restrains the animals. Only African mammals and birds are exhibited in the area and in its fauna, as well as its planting, it is designed to give a lively picture of Africa. A Children's Zoo, built on a child's scale and

The

houses designed from favorite storybooks, was a second innovation in the modernized Bronx Zoo. A large riding track where elephants, camels and llamas carry children in saddles and on howdahs was laid out and is in daily operation, even in winter except when the weather is too bad.

Restaurants in the Zoo have been completely modernized and in 1941 a new restaurant was added the Zoobar, serving beer on a plane treeshaded terrace while Viennese waltzes are played softly in the background. The Zoo now has four excellent, popular-priced restaurants.

In the late summer of 1941 modernization of the Elephant House was begun, all the heavy iron fences being taken down and replaced by low restraining walls. This important change in the appearance of the building will be completed early

in 1942.

The public is now allowed to feed virtually all of the animals in the Zoo, and may throw butterfish to the sealions and pelicans, and feed prepared food pellets or cracked grain to other animals and birds.

Public walks and paths have been widened to take care of the vastly increased crowds; tractor trains salvaged from the World's Fair carry visitors through the grounds; photography by amateurs is not only permitted, but is encouraged, with photo contests each fall; a constant series of animal art and other special exhibitions takes place throughout the year in the Heads and Horns Museum; parking fields have been greatly enlarged.

The Bronx Zoo is open every day in the year from 10 o'clock on week-days (9 o'clock on. Sundays) until half an hour before sunset. Admission is free every day except Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, when it is 10 cents for adults and 5 cents for children under 12. All holidays are free.

THE AQUARIUM

The closing of the New York Aquarium at Battery Park on October 1, 1941. affected further changes at the Bronx Zoo as a very large proportion of the fishes, including the rare tropical species, were moved to the Zoo and installed in exhibition tanks in the Lion House.

The Aquarium had been under the management of the New York Zoological Society since 1902 and

its closing to make way for the approaches to the Brooklyn-Battery tunnel gave an opportunity for the two parts of the Society's collections to be exhibited together. Fishes that could not be accommodated at the Zoo were given to the aquariums of Boston, Philadelphia and Washington. Plans are being progressed for a new aquarium in another site.

The New York Botanical Garden

Source: An Official The New York Botanical Garden occupies 280 acres of diversified land in the northern and western parts of Bronx Park. The Bronx River, with a gorge and waterfall, is one of its natural features. Along the banks of the river is the Hemlock Grove, including more than 3.000 native trees.

The gates of the Garden are open daily from 8 a.m. to one-half hour after sunset. Admission to the grounds and the display is free at all times. The museum includes a herbarium of more than 2,000,000 pressed plant specimens; a reference library of nearly 50,000 bound volumes; exhibits of plants growing naturally within 100 miles of the City of New York: a synoptic collection, that is, specimens representing the principal plant families of the world: a display of the important economic plants of the world; and fossil plants, the ancient ancestors of the plants now living. There also is a collection of historic microscopes. The museum building contains also an auditorium in which popular illustrated lectures dealing with plants or their culture are given on Saturday afternoons during the greater part of the year. The main conservatories house thousands of

Mayors

1 George Hall

2 Jonathan Trotter. 3 Jeremiah Johnson.

4 Cyrus P. Smith

5 Henry C. Murphy.. 6 Joseph Sprague

7 Thomas G. Talmage.

8 Francis B. Stryker..

9 Edward Copeland

10 Samuel Smith...

of the Institution

tender plants from more southern climes. In the Floral Display House, also the Tropical Flower Garden, there is a continuous show from November through May. The Tropical Rain Forest, naturalistic plantings of begonías, aroids, aquatics, tropical ferns and of cacti and other succulent plants of the Old and New Worlds, as well as the collections of living plants that are useful to man, are on continuous display the year around.

Worthy of special mention are the rock garden with the adjacent flowering meadow and wild flower garden; the rose garden, flowering shrubs, hardy trees: also the seasonal outdoor displays, beginning in April with four or five acres of daffodils representing about 150 varieties, partly naturalized; followed by tulips. lilacs, irises, peonies, roses, daylilies, water-lilies and borders of annuals and perennials, and closing with asters and dahlias in September and October, and chrysanthemums in early November.

The Botanical Garden offers courses of study for amateur and professional gardeners, for teachers and nature study leaders, and for others who are interested in plant life and the history and literature of gardening.

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Hamilton Fish (4.13), Houston and Sheriff Sts.
Carmine St., No. 83.
Colonial (12.77), Bradhurst to Edgecome Ave.,
145th to W. 155th St.

Highbridge (118.77). 155th St. to Dyckman St.,
W. of Harlem River Driveway, Edgecombe and

Amsterdam Aves.

W. 60th St. near 11th Ave.

Thomas Jefferson (15.524), W. 111th St.. First
Ave., W. 114th St. and Harlem River.
Twenty-third St., at Ave. A.

John Jay, E. 77th St. and Cherokee Pl.
BRONX

Crotona (151.48), Crotona Park East, Fulton Ave., 3rd Ave., 177th St.

BROOKLYN

Sunset (24.50), 5th Ave., 7th Ave., 41st to 44th Sts. Red Hook (56.36), Clinton, Bay and Henry Sts.
McCarren (35.71). Nassau Ave., Lorimer St. Betsy Head (10.55). Hopkinson, Dumont
Leonard St., Bayard St., No. 12th St.
Livonia Aves.

QUEENS

Astoria (56.25), East River, Ditmars. 19th St., 25th Ave.
Flushing Meadow Park, Amphitheatre, Grand Central Parkway and Horace Harding Boulevard.

Faber, Richmond Terrace at Faber St.

RICHMOND

and

Tompkinsville, Victory Blvd. near Bay St.
ADMISSION FEES TO SWIMMING POOLS
Weekdays and Saturdays from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m.
there is a free period for children under 14 years
of age. No adults admitted during free period.
After 1 p.m. on weekdays and all day on Sundays
Indoor Swimming Pools-Manhattan: Carmine | St.; 324 East 54th St.
St. and Sixth Ave.; 23rd St. and Ave. "A": 409
West 28th St.; 232 West 60th St.; 35 West 134th

and holidays there is a 10 cent charge for children
under 14, and a 20 cent charge for children over
14 and adults.

Pelham Bay, Orchard Beach.

Brooklyn: Metropolitan and Bedford Aves.

PARKS WITH BEACHES

BRONX

QUEENS

Jacob Riis (234.50), Jamaica Boy, Atlantic Ocean and Beach 149th St. to 169th St., Neponsit.

BROOKLYN

Coney Island, W. 37th St. to Coney Island Ave.

RICHMOND

South Beach, F. D. Roosevelt Boardwalk and Beach, Ft. Wadsworth to Liberty Ave.
Wolfe's Pond Park, Cornelia Street, east of Hylan Boulevard.

There are parking fields (25c a day) in Jacob Riis Park and Orchard Beach.

ADMISSION FEES TO BEACHES

There is a 25 cents parking charge for automo- and 25 cents for adults with 50 cents per person biles. The lockers cost 15 cents for a child locker. for dressing room.

OTHER CHIEF PARKS
MANHATTAN

Battery (21.2), Foot of Broadway and State St.
Bowling Green (0.517), Broadway and Whitehall
St. This park, established by the Common Coun-
cil in 1733 as a bowling green, was rededicated on
April 6, 1938 with a historical pageant.
Bryant (9.603) Fifth to Sixth Ave.. 40th St. to
42d St.

Central (840.01), Fifth Ave. to 8th Ave. (Central
Park West), 59th St. to 110th St.

"Cleopatra's Needle," the tall obelisk-covered monument in Central Park, close to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, was erected at the Egyptian city of Heliopolis sometime between 1460 B.C., and 1600 B.C.. to commemorate the victories of the Pharaoh, Thotmes, in his campaigns in Asia Minor and the Valley of the Euphrates. The Romans moved the obelisk to Alexandria, Egypt, where it was renamed in memory of the late Queen, Cleopatra, in 12 B.C. Presented by the Khedive

of Egypt to the City of New York it was set up in Central Park on Feb. 22, 1881.

City Hall (10.457), including the old Post Office site and Mail St., Broadway, Park Row and Chambers St.

East River (33.35) Montgomery to E. 12th St., along East River Drive.

Fort Washington (125.09), Riverside Dr. and Hudson River, 158th to Dyckman Sts.

Fort Tryon (58.13), Riverside Drive to Broadway, 192d St. to Dyckman St.

Inwood Hill (167.08), Dyckman St.. Hudson River and Harlem Ship Canal.

Isham (20.13) Broadway, Isham St. to Inwood Hill Park.

Madison Square (6.234), Broadway, Madison Ave., 23d St. to 26th St.

Manhattan Square (17.57), Central Park W., 77th
St. to 81st St. and Columbus Ave.
Morningside (31.24), W. 110th St. to W. 123d St..

Manhattan, Morningside Aves. to Morningside Drive.

Mt. Morris (20.16), Mt. Morris to Madison Ave., E. 120th St. to E. 124th St. Randalls Island (193.97), East and Harlem Rivers. There is a stadium to seat over 21,400 persons; tennis and baseball grounds; open play areas for adults; a large children's playground and other features. Riverside Park and Drive (293.1), along Hudson River, 72nd St. to 158th St.

St. Nicholas (20.22), St. Nicholas Ave., W. 130th St. to W. 141st St.

Carl Schurz (13.42), Ave. B, 84th to 89th Sts. and East River.

Tompkins Square (10.50), Aves. A to B, E. 7th to

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BRONX

Bronx (698.41), E. 180th St., E. 210th St., Southern Blvd., Unionport Rd.

Claremont Park (38.23), Clay, Mt. Eden and Teller Aves.

DeVoe (5.14), W. 188th St. to W. Fordham Rd. and University Ave.

Ferry Point (171.00), Old Ferry Pt., bet. Baxter Inlet and Westchester Creek.

Fort Schuyler (10.0), Pennyfield Ave., Shore Drive E. and Long Island Sound.

Henry Hudson Memorial (4.07), Independence Ave., Kappock St. and W. 227th St.

Henry Hudson Parkway (141.8), Harlem River to Broadway at W. 254th St. to Saw Mill River Parkway.

John Mullaly (17.92), E. 162d St. to McClellan St., Jerome to River Aves.

MacCombs Dam (30.30), Harlem River, E. 158th
St., E. 162d St., Jerome Ave., to River Ave.
Old Fort No. 4 (4.64), Reservoir Ave., from Sedg-
wick Ave. to University Ave.

Poe (2.33), Grand Concourse, Kingsbridge Rd., E. 192d St.

St. James (11.39), E. 191st to E. 193d Sts., Jerome to Creston Aves.

St. Mary's (34.43), E. 149th St., St. Ann's Ave., St. Mary's Ave.

Seton Falls (29.25), E. 233d St. to Pratt Ave., Seton Ave. to Eden Terrace.

Franz Sigel (17.47), Grand Concourse, Mott Ave.. Walton Ave., E. 158th St. to N. Y. C. R. R. Williamsbridge Playground (19.74), E. 208th St. and Bainbridge Ave.

BROOKLYN

Bensonhurst (19.37), Cropsey and 21st Aves., Bay Parkway and Gravesend Bay. Brooklyn Botanic Garden (47.57), Eastern Parkway, Flatbush Ave., Washington Ave. and Empire Blvd.

Brower (Children's Museum) (5.54), Park Place to Prospect Place, Brooklyn to Kingston Aves. Bushwick (6.87), Knickerbocker to Irving Aves., Starr to Suydam Sts.

Canarsie (96.0), Seaview Ave., E. 80th to E. 93d Sts., and Schenck Ave.

City (10.39), Flushing to Park Aves,, Navy to No. Elliott Sts.

Fort Greene (30.16), Myrtle Ave., De Kalb Ave.. St. Edwards St.

Highland (41.22), No. of Jamaica Ave., from Warwick St. to Force Tube Ave. The total area in

Brooklyn and Queens is 141.28 acres.

Lincoln Terrace (20.64). Eastern Pky., Rochester, East New York and Buffalo Aves.

Marine (1,840.0), Flatbush-Gerritsen-Ellmore Aves. to Jamaica Bay. McKinley (8.47), Fort Hamilton Ave., 7th Ave. and 73d St.

Owls Head (27.1), Shore Rd., Colonial Rd., 68th St. Parade Ground (39.50), Parkside Ave., Parade Pl..

Caton Ave., Park Circle and Coney Island Ave. Prospect (526.25), Prospect Park W., Prospect Park Southwest, Parkside Ave., Ocean Ave., to Flatbush Ave.

Seaside (16.73), Sea Breeze Ave., W. 8th to W. 5th Sts.

Tompkins (7.81), Tompkins, Marcy, Lafayette and Greene Aves.

QUEENS

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Highland (141.28), Vermont Ave., Highland Blvd. Hillside (Cunningham) (459.27), Horace Harding Blvd., Motor Pkway.. 210th St.

Jacob Riis (234.50) West End Rockaway Peninsula. Juniper Valley (55.24), N. Y. Connecting R.R. to Dry Harbor Rd., 62d and 63d Aves.

King (11.50), Jamaica to 89th Aves., 150th to 153d Sts.

Rockaway (31.50), Beach Boardwalk from Beach 110th St., to 126th St.

St. Albans (9.93), 111th to 113th Aves., 174th Pl. to 169th St.

Tallmans Island (12.00), Westerly portion of Tallmans Island.

RICHMOND

Clarence T. Barrett (Zoo) (8.11), Clove Rd. and Glenwood Pl.

Clove Lakes (191.0), Slosson and Forest Aves., Clove Rd. and Victory Blvd.

Marine (1,256.0), Great Kills, bet. Hylan Blvd. and Lower Bay,

New Springville (162.00), Victory Blvd., Travis

Ave. and Signs Rd.

Randolph Walker (5.27), Delafield Pl., Bard and Davis Aves.

Willowbrook (156.5), Richmond Ave. and Victory Blvd.

Wolfes Pond (224.36), Holton Ave. and Cornelia Ave.

Brooklyn Botanic Garden

Source: An Official of the Institution

The Brooklyn Botanic Garden occupies a tract of about 50 acres located between Washington and Flatbush Avenues, south of Eastern Parkway. The central part of the Garden contains the Systematic Section, where living plants of the world are arranged in systematic order. In addition there are various special gardens, such as the Japanese, Rose, Rock, Wild-Flower, Horticultural, Wall, Iris, Water, Experimental, Children's, Medicinal, Culinary, etc.

The Conservatories consist of ranges, where a large number of tender species of plants are

housed, the collection of tropical economic plants being particularly comprehensive. In addition, ranges are set apart for the instruction of classes in horticulture. The Laboratory Building, at 1000 Washington Ave., contains lecture rooms, an auditorium, a reference library (40,000 volumes and pamphlets), and rooms for administration and research.

The Garden is open free to the public daily, 8 A. M. until dusk; on Sundays and Holidays it is open at 10 A. M. Visited by more than 1,600,000 persons yearly, it makes a contribution to the educational and cultural life of the Greater City.

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The deepest well on Long Island is at Point Lookout-1,266 feet.
WATER CONSUMPTION IN NEW YORK CITY-(AVERAGE) PER DAY
Figures Show Millions and Tenths of Millions of Gallons
Priv.
Year Ma'h,

1,696

Total.

11.752.3 18.40

103,100

Grand total

23,645.2 36.81

284,706

Year Ma'h,

Priv

(Cal.) Brx. Bkin. Que. Rich. Cos. Total (Cal.)

Brx. Bkin. Que. Rich. Cos.

Total

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Work is in progress on a new water supply system, the Delaware, which will add three storage reservoirs of a combined capacity exceeding 230,000 million gallons, and a daily safe yield of 540 million gallons. On completion of the Delaware system New York City will have a dependable supply exceeding 1500 million gallons, or 64 million tons of water per day. To furnish this supply requires a drainage area of more than 1,700 square miles, an area greater than the entire land area of the State of Rhode Island.

Manhattan and Bronx-Croton water was introduced in 1842; the Bronx River in 1854; the Byram in 1896.

The Catskill supply, introduced in 1917, is obtained from the Schoharie and Esopus watersheds in the Catskills.

The Schoharie watershed with a drainage area of 314 square miles lies north of the Esopus, in the heart and higher section of the Catskill Mountains. The flow of Schoharie Creek is intercepted by Gilboa dam which forms the Schoharie reservoir.

The Ashokan reservoir lies 14 miles west of the Hudson at Kingston, N. Y., and 92 miles from the northern city boundary. It is in the Esopus watershed, which has a drainage area of 257 square miles.

The Croton watershed, 22 miles north of the city line, has an area of 375 square miles and a safe yield of 300,000,000 gallons daily.

Brooklyn--The Catskill system together with the old Brooklyn system furnish the entire supply for Brooklyn, with the exception of the Twentyninth Ward, which is supplied by the N. Y. Water Service Corp

Queens--The city supplies the First, Second, Third and Fifth Wards. The remainder of the boroughs is supplied by 21 private water companies The Catskill system furnishes about one-half of the total supply to the borough, the other half being supplied by the City and private water companies from underground sources.

Richmond-The Borough is supplied from the Catskill system, supplemented by a small amount from local wells. Silver Lake reservoir, the terminal reservoir for the Catskill system, is in this borough.

The cost of the Catskill system was about $193,000,000, of which $27,000,000 was for the Schoharie works.

The city, in 1940, got $38,063,367 from the sale of water.

Hill View reservoir is in Yonkers, just north of the New York City line and 15 miles south of Kensico.

The Hudson River is crossed by a tunnel wholly in granite rock, at a depth of 1,114 feet below sea level, between a shaft at Storm King Mountain on the west bank and another shaft on the east side of the river at Breakneck Mountain.

At the Ashokan reservoir, and also at Kensico reservoir, aerators have been built, each containing about 1,600 nozzles, through which jets of water are thrown into the air, permitting admixture of oxygen from the atmosphere and removal of undesirable gases and other matters causing tastes and odors. Another basin, containing 3,200 nozzles.

is under construction at Kensico Reservoir, to

aerate Delaware water.

Within the screen chambers downstream from Ashokan and Kensico reservoirs and in the Hill View downtake chamber chlorine gas is introduced into the water for the destruction of germ life. The gas, which is delivered compressed to a liquid state in steel containers, is neutralized or dissipated before the treated water reaches the distribution pipes.

From Hill View reservoir Catskill water is and Delaware water will be delivered into the five boroughs by two circular tunnels, deep in solid rock. City Tunnel No. 1, reducing in diamater from 15 to 14, 13, 12 and 11 feet, is 18 miles long. City Tunnel No. 2, which is 17 feet in diameter. is 20 miles long. From these two tunnels water is brought up through shafts to 37 underground valve chambers, from which it is delivered to the large trunk mains, many of them 4 feet to 6 feet in diameter, in the City streets.

From the terminal shafts in Brooklyn two lines of pipe, generally 66-inch and 72-inch steel and 48-inch cast iron, extend to the 438 million gallon Silver Lake reservoir in Richmond, crossing the Narrows by means of flexible jointed castiron pipe buried in trenches in the harbor bottom, one line 36 inches and one 42 inches in diameter.

The cost of the Catskill and Delaware delivery system within the City limits, including the two City Tunnels, the major pipe-lines and appurtenances, and Silver Lake reservoir, exceed $96,000,000.

High Pressure Fire Service System-The high pressure fire service system in Manhattan is bounded by 34th St., Madison Ave., 24th St., Lexington Ave., 14th St., 3rd Ave, Bowery, Houston St., East River, Battery, North River. There are two pumping stations-Gansevoort and West Sts., and Oliver and South Sts. Each station has six electrically driven centrifugal pumps. Either fresh or salt water may be used.

In Brooklyn there are two high pressure fire service systems. The one for the business and manufacturing districts is bounded by the Navy Yard, St. Edward's St., St. Felix St., Fort Greene Place, Fifth Ave., 24th St., Fourth Ave., 39th St. and the water front, covering an area of 4.8 miles. The supply is furnished by two stations, one located at the foot of Joralemon St., and the reserve at Willoughby and St. Edward's Sts.

The Coney Island high pressure system protects an area of 470 acres. The pumping station is at West 24th Street and Neptune Ave.

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