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is skilled. 39.4 semi-skilled and 24.5 unskilled!

During the year, the A. F. of L.-C. I. O. dispute remained in status quo, the one important publicized development being the referendum vote of the International Typographical Union, suspended by the A. F. of L. for refusing to pay a special assessment, since removed, to return to the fold. Undercover efforts to iron out the difficulty continued with the most optimistic reporting *some progress."

The year closed with the more responsible leaders giving serious thought to what may come when defense efforts will slow down or cease. Already priorities threaten dislocation of the building and construction trades in 1942 and printing and publishing face drastic restrictions in the flow of material with the chief threat affecting magazines and periodicals.

How seriously the coming of peace is considered may be judged by the declaration of George Meany, Secretary of the American Federation of Labor, that unless adequate plans are now made "the depression of the early 1930's will be a pink tea compared to what we will experience."

Strikes in the United States

Man

No.

Mandays Idle

Source: United States Department of Labor
Workers Man-
Workers
Invol. days Idle Yr. Strikes Invol.
No.
No.
No.
No.
428,416
1933 1,695 1,168.272 16,872,128
329,592
1934 1,856 1,466,695 19,591,949
329,939 26,218,628 1935 2.014 1,117,213 15.456,337
314,210 12,631,863 1936 2,172
288,572 5,351,540 1937 4.470
182,975 3,316,808 1938 2,772
341,817 6,893,244 1939 2,613
324,210 10,502,03. ||1940 2,508

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No.

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days Idle Yr. Strikes
No.
1925 1,301
1926 1,035
1927 707
1928 604
1929 921
1930 637
1931 810
19321 841

Strikes in Industries Closely Related to National Defense, 1940

788,648 13,901,956 1.860.621 28.424.857

688.376 9,148,273 1,170,962 17,812,219

576,988 6,700,872

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Number of Workers Involved in Strikes in 11 Industries Related to National Defense

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16 State Liquor Monopolies Do $264,500,000 Business

There are 16 States which own and operate alcoholic beverage monopolies and they take in an annual gross revenue of more than $264,500,000 and a profit of more than $58,000,000, the United States Census Bureau announces.

The following table shows receipts, profits and expenditures per family.

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The average per family is $26.22, or about $6.90 per capita.

In Alabama and some of the other States there are dry counties, under local option.

RECORD OF THE YEAR

Chronology, Dec. 1, 1940 - Nov. 30, 1941

1940-DECEMBER

Dec. 1-General Manuel Avila Camacho, 43, for-
mer Secretary of War, became Mexico's Presi-
dent, succeeding Lazaro Cardenas.
Dec. 2-President Roosevelt has signed a bill ex-
panding the 1918 Anti-Espionage Act to make
sabotage a Federal offense in peacetime as well
as during war, with maximum penalties of $10,000
fine and ten years in jail.

-An Indo-Chinese communique said that Thai
(Siam) troops took over Bandong Island, in the
Mekong River, below Vientiane.

Dec. 3-Collision of two express trains at Velillade
Ebro, 30 miles from Saragoosa, Spain, killed
more than 40 persons and injured 80.
Dec. 4-A United Air Lines plane from Cleveland
fell 150 feet and hit a house near the edge of
Chicago Airport. The wreckage took fire; nine
of the 16 persons aboard were killed and the
others were injured. It was snowing at the time
and there was some ice on the wings. The plane
was several hours late.

-In the World's Fair grounds, New York City, six
men were killed and two injured when a false
ceiling in the Railroads Exhibit, which was being
demolished, collapsed and they fell with it.
Dec. 5-An epidemic of mild influenza is sweeping
over California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho,
Arizona and New Mexico at a speed approaching
the spread of the 1918 pandemic.

Dec. 6 In New Haven, Conn., Lily Pons (Mrs.
Andre Kostelanetz), singer, renounced her French
citizenship and took the oath of allegiance to
the United States.

Dec. 9-Adhemar Raynault was elected Mayor of
Montreal and leader of a council of 97 men and
two women. He succeeds Camillien Houde, still
technically Mayor but powerless, having been
confined to an internment camp for violating the
defense of Canada regulations.
-Mexico City, the Federal District, and four sur-
rounding States, moved their clocks ahead one
hour from central standard time to save elec-
tricity.

-Madre Conchita", a nun, sentenced in 1928 to
20 years in prison as the "intellectual author"
of President-elect Alvaro Obregon's assassina-
tion, went free on pardon in Mexico City.
-Henri Bergson, philosopher, has resigned from
the College of France at Paris in a protest
against anti-Semitic laws. A Jew, he refused
exemption offered by the government from the
faws for his "literary and artistic services to the
nation."
Dec, 10 The Duke of Windsor, Governor General
of the Bahamas, and his wife, arrived at Miami
Beach, Fla., where the Duchess was relieved, in
St. Francis Hospital, of her wisdom tooth. The
Duke, by official invitation, was conveyed by a
U. S. Naval patrol bombing plane Dec. 13 to the
cruiser Tuscaloosa, and visited President Roose-
velt in the Bahamas. The Windsors returned
to Nassau Dec. 17 on the private yacht, Southern
Cross.

-The Swiss Parliament elected Ernest Wetter to
succeed Marcel Pilet-Golaz as president Jan. 1,
1941.

Dec. 11-In Washington, at a Congressional Committee hearing, C. F. Preller, representing the Electrical Workers Union there, Local No. 26 of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (A. F. L.), testified that its initiation fee for the last 17 years and at present was $300 and dues of $7.50 a month.

Dec. 12-Gen. J. B. M. Hertzog, who quit as Prime Minister of South Africa when Parliament rejected his plans to keep the Union neutral at the outbreak of the war, and N. C. Havenga, his Finance Minister at that time, resigned from Parliament.

-The body of the Duke of Reichstadt, son of Napoleon and the Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, was exhumed from the Capuchin mausoleum, the Hapsburg family vault in Vienna, for shipment to Paris, where, on Dec. 15, it was reinterred in the Invalides in Napoleon's Tomb. -In the Sea of Marmara, near Istanbul, a sailing vessel, Salvator, with 300 Jewish refugees from Bulgaria aboard, sank in a storm: 223 drowned. Dec. 15-A popular vote in Panama favored the proposed new constitution, with fewer than 800 out of 100,000 against it. The Supreme Court accepted it Dec. 28.

-The new Sixth Avenue Subway, in New York City, began public operation one minute after midnight.

Dec. 16-The authority of the Federal Government
over streams is "as broad as the needs of com-
merce."
The Supreme Court of the United
States, 6 to 2 (Justices Roberts, McReynolds)
ruled against the contention of the Appalachian
Electric Power Co., that because the New River
was not navigable, the commission, under the
Federal Power Act of 1920, could not force the
corporation to operate its $12,000,000 dam and
power plant near Radford in southwestern Vir-
ginia, under a commission license. For the
majority, Justice Reed held that the New River
was navigable within the law, because it could
be made navigable by improvements.

-The State delegates of the Electoral College,
consisting of the chosen presidential electors in
each of the 48 States, met in the several States
as provided by the Constitution (first Monday
after the second Wednesday in December) and
elected Franklin D. Roosevelt and Henry A.
Dec. 17-An explosion in a Cincinnati tenement
Wallace as President and Vice President.
killed 13 persons, among them a baby born to
Mrs. Lillian Schnetzer, 42, while she lay buried
in wreckage. Mrs. Schnetzer, her husband,
Frank, and four other children in the family
Dec. 18-Five Army officers and a private from
also perished.
March Field were killed when their 22-ton
bombing plane crashed into Marion Mountain
in the San Bernardino Calif.) National Forest.
-The U. S. House upheld President Roosevelt's
veto of the Logan-Walter bill which would sub-
ject rulings and regulations of administrative
agencies to court review. The vote was 153 to
override against 127 to sustain the veto, two-
thirds being necessary to override.

Dec. 19-In Helsinki, the Electoral College, 288 to
12, chose Risto Ryti, 51, as President of Finland
to succeed Kyosti Kallio, resigned; later Kallio,
67, fell dead from a heart attack.
Dec. 20-Slight tremors, originating, it was
guessed, 25 to 50 miles underground, south of
Lake Ossipee, N. H., and lasting not more than
half a minute at about 2:28 A. M., were felt
throughout New England, New York State as
far west as Rochester and Buffalo, and Toronto,
Ontario, and Ottawa in Canada; all of New
Jersey and several points in Pennsylvania, in-
cluding Philadelphia.

Dec. 22-Military supplies for Chiang Kai-shek's
Chinese Government are being shipped from the
United States to the port of Vladivostok, thence
by railroad to Chita or Verkneudinsk, forwarded
to the Soviet-Outer Mongolian border and then
sent, by trucks, camels, donkeys and mule carts,
to the towns of Lanchow and Ningsia.
-In the disputed Indo-China-Siam (Thailand)
border region a "violent battle" took place. Both
sides used artillery and machine guns, with the
heaviest firing being across the Mekong River
between Thai units around Panom and French
units near Thakek. More than 100 shells struck
in Thai territory.

Dec. 23-A Naval Reserve plane landed safely on
Floyd Bennet Field, Brooklyn, N. Y., after col-
liding with a private monoplane; the latter fell
into Deep Creek, killing the two occupants. In
Cuba, near San Luis, Oriente Province, a U. S.
Navy bombing plane fell in a thunder storm.
The two occupants were burned to death.
Dec. 24-An earthquake originating deep under
Ossipee, N. H., or thereabout, was felt at 8:34
A. M., throughout New England and the southern
border of Eastern Canada.

-The Pope, in an address to the College of
Cardinals, said: "As long as the rumble of
armaments continues in the stark reality of this
war it is scarcely possible to expect any definite
acts in the direction of the restoration of morally,
juridically imprescriptible rights."

Dec. 25-In Bethlehem, in the Holy City, the lights
were out during Christmas services. In Europe,
German and British warplanes did not leave the
ground. In the United States, more than 165
deaths were caused by auto traffic and more than
50 by fires. King George in London, the Duke
of Windsor in Nassau, in the Bahamas, radioed
to the world their hopes for a just peace.
Dec. 31-In the U. S. District Court in New York
City, Howard C. Hopson, head of the Associated
Gas and Electric system, was convicted of mail
fraud. He was acquitted of conspiracy. His
lawyers, Charles M. Travis and Garrett A.
Brownback, were acquitted. Hopson later was
sentenced to five years in prison.

18

n. 1-New Year's revelry was fatal to 170 persons in the United States.

-In Germany there went into effect a law by which Jews must pay 15 per cent additional gross income tax to compensate for their "social inferiority."

an. 2-The last of the "Christian Front" cases of young men charged with conspiracy to overthrow the U. S. Government were disposed of in the Federal Court in Brooklyn, N. Y., when the following defendants were discharged and their prosecution dropped: Capt. John T. Prout, Jr., John A. Viebrock, William H. D. Bushnell, Jr., Macklin Boettger and William Gerald Bishop. Previously, 90 others were acquitted, another committed suicide during the trial, and the charges against two were dismissed during the trial.

The Hungarian Meteorological Institute states that 1940 was the coldest year since 1825, when it began keeping its records.

-Panama's new Constitution became effective and at a meeting in the National Stadium the ceremony of allegiance was led by President Arnulfo

Jan. 3-The 77th Congress opened at noon in
Washington. Speaker Sam Rayburn was re-
elected. Vice President Garner swore in the
Senate members. South Trimble of Kentucky,
was reelected Clerk of the House.

-The last session of the House, 76th Congress,
third session, was held Jan. 2.
Jan. 4-A Navy transport plane hit, in a rain
torm, a granite boulder on Mother Grundy Peak,
35 miles southeast of San Diego, Calif.; 11 fliers
were killed, including four who had parachuted
on Jan. 2 from another Navy plane near Lamesa,
Texas.
Jan. 5-A resolution barring Communists, Nazis
and Fascists from national or local office in the
Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding
Workers of America, C. I. O., was adopted by
the union's general executive board in Camden,
N. J.

-Mrs. Cornelia Allerdice, 43, and her son Anthony,
7, died of suffocation in Indianapolis, Ind.,
despite the efforts of another son, David Aller-
dice, Jr., Princeton University football star, to
save them. David, Jr., was burned, as was his
father, vice president of the Kingan Packing Co.
The father died.

Miss Amy Johnson, aviatrix, was drowned when
her parachute plunged into the Thames estuary,
England.

Jan. 6-The U. S. Supreme Court ruled unani-
mously that the National Labor Relations
(Wagner) Act required an employer to sign a
written contract with a union when a collective
bargaining agreement has been reached, even
though the law does not say so in so many words.
The H. J. Heinz Co. had contested the authority
of the NLRB to require it to sign a contract with
a local of the A. F. of L. Canning and Pickle
Workers' Union. The company had agreed to
the union's terms after bargaining and con-
tended that it met the requirements of the law
by posting notices to this effect on the bulletin
boards.

-The Court, in another decision, upheld the
$50,000,000 awards on claims arising from the
explosions of World War munitions at Black
Ton Island and Kingsland, N. J., in 1916-17.
-In joint session, the Congress, after the tellers
had counted the Electoral votes, State by State,
announced that Franklin D. Roosevelt and Henry
A. Wallace had received 449 votes for President
and Vice President, and Wendell L. Willkie and
Charles L. McNary had received 82.
Jan. 8-The Panama National Assembly adopted
unanimously a resolution in support of the mes-
sage sent by President Arnuflo Arias to President
Roosevelt offering cooperation in hemisphere
defense.
-Martial law was proclaimed in the Thai (Siamese)
army, provinces bordering French Indo-China.
Jan. 9 The Thai (Siamese) army, supported by
90 planes, invaded Cambodia.

-Japanese air raids along the East River in China
killed 200 persons, including the Matron of St.
Joseph's Hospital in Waichow.
Jan. 10-In Congress, a bill (the "Lend-Lease"
bill) was introduced, giving President Roosevelt
personal authority to have manufactured or pro-
cured any war materials and to transfer such
materials to any nations of the world in the
interest of American defense. This was followed
on Jan. 13 by a bill to amend, by limiting aid at
present to Britain and Ireland but would reserve
to Congress the right to designate any other
nations to be helped. The amended bill would

also limit to two years the grant of powers to
the President.

-Germany and Russia signed an economic agree-
ment; also one defining their common territorial
boundaries.

Jan. 12-In Quita, Ecuador, Civil Guards stoned
the Presidential mansion and attacked police in
an attempt to release aviators from Quito jail.
They were dispersed by officers using guns and
tear-gas bombs. One man was killed and several
were wounded.

-The 25,269 passenger steamship, Manhattan.
bound from New York City on a West Indies-
Panama cruise, ran aground off Palm Beach, Fla.
The 199 passengers were taken off the next day.
The vessel was refloated Feb. 3.

Jan. 13-The U. S. Supreme Court confirmed.
unanimously (Justice Murphy not participating).
the constitutionality of the espionage act of 1917
which makes it a crime to obtain or transmit any
"information respecting the national defense
to be used to the injury of the United States or
to the advantage of any foreign nation", friend

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"very heavy loss of human lives and material
damage" in a flood near Alexandretta. It was
-The official Turkish news agency reported a
reported several hundred" persons had drowned
near the Turkish border when the Asi River
overflowed.
Jan. 14-In Brooklyn, N. Y., six men were burned
to death and four of ten other employes who
were singed were in critical condition when a
bucket of paint caught fire on top of a kerosene
heater in a box factory. The plant destroyed
2,100 unfinished raw pine lockers, last of a U. S.
Government order for 25,000 to be kept by soldiers
under their cots at the army base.
-Also in New York City (Manhattan) two brother
gunmen and ex-convicts, Anthony (Angelo), 35,
and Joseph (William) Esposito, 33, were caught
by the police after a $649 hold-up in which a
messenger and a policeman (E. F. Maher) were
fatally shot, a cabman seriously wounded, a bank
guard hit in the shoulder, and Angelo or
Anthony Esposito had been shot in the right leg.
The brothers carried 6 pistols and 136 cartridges.
The hold-up occurred in an elevator in a building
at 34th St. and 5th Avenue.

-The body of Elsie Owen, violin teacher, wife of
Prof. Arthur Z. James, 56, language expert, was
found in their home, Hampstead, England. Her
skull had been fractured. Her husband, 56, testi-
fied he had killed her to save her from a "bleak
future". He was found guilty of slaying, but
was judged insane, and was put in custody.
Jan. 15-The Venezuelan Congress ratified a treaty
with Brazil providing for peaceful settlement of
any controversies between the two nations. The
treaty, signed in Caracas in July, 1940, has been
ratified by Brazil.

-In a proclamation dated at Rome, Alfonso XIII,
who fled from Madrid April 14, 1931, announced
renunciation of all his claims to the throne of
Spain in favor of his son, Prince Juan, 27, hus-
band of Princess Maria Mercedes of the Two
Sicilies branch of the House of Bourbon-Anjou.
Jan. 16-Bolivia and Chile signed, in La Paz, a
non-aggression pact.

-In the Gulf of Siam, the French Asiatic squadron
attacked the main force of the Thai navy.
An army bomber plane from McChord Field,
Wash., for Muroc, Calif., crashed 20 miles south-
west of Morton, Wash.; seven aboard were killed.
Jan. 17-In Hungary, 12 persons were killed when
an airplane on the regular Budapest-Maros-
Vasarhely flight crashed in landing near Nagy-
Varad airdrome.

Jan. 18-The Thai (Siamese) flag was raised over
the French Protectorate of Cambodia, in French
Indo-China, for the first time in more than 50
years.

Jan. 19-Planes bombed Luang Prabang, capital
of Laos Province, which 60 years ago was burned
by the Siamese before the French colonists took
Pakkin-Dun and Ream, a seaport in
Southern Cambodia, also were bombed.
-The German (swastika) flag was ripped.off the
staff at the German consulate in San Francisco
by two American sailors on leave from the Naval
Hospital. Berlin complained, Washington apolo-
gized, and later the sailors were convicted of
malicious mischief. Sentences of 90 days in jail
were suspended.

Jan. 20-Envoys of Germany, Italy, Japan and 53
other countries, including Soviet Russia, at-
tended, as invited witnesses, the inauguration of
Franklin D. Roosevelt for a third term as Presi-
dent of the United States. The ceremonies were
held on the steps of the Capitol, in Washington.
The oath to support the Constitution was ad-
ministered by Chief Justice Hughes of the Su-

preme Court. Henry A. Wallace had been sworn in five minutes before as Vice President by his retiring predecessor, John Nance Garner. -The U. S. Supreme Court ruled (Justices Hughes, Stone, McReynolds dissenting) that the Federal Government is paramount in its power over aliens (a law for registration of foreign born was enacted by Congress last year); and therefore a Pennsylvania alien registration law was illegal.

Jan. 21-The fishing schooner Mary E. O'Hara split open in a collision with a barge, off Boston Harbor, and sank; 18 of the crew of 23 were drowned as they fell from the rigging, one by one, when their hands froze.

Jan. 22-Japan offered to mediate the border dispute between French Indo-China and Thailand (Siam). The offer was made to representatives of the French Governor General, Admiral Jean Decoux, in Hanoi. Col. Tatsuji Koike, acting head of the Japanese military mission, and Consul General Yasushi Hayashi acted for Japan, on instructions from Tokyo. Vichy accepted the offer.

owned by Norwood F. Allman, American member of the Shanghai Municipal Council, was shot dead on leaving a cabaret.

President Fulgenio Batista took personal command of the Cuban Army, Navy and national police forces, after army guards threw up sandbags inside the Palace, and mounted machine guns at the entrance. Col. Jose Pedraza, exArmy Chief, Lieut. Col. Garcia, ex-Police Chief and several others got by plane to Florida, including, later (by boat) Col. A. A. Gonzales, former Navy Chief.

Feb. 4-Near Laurel Hills, Northport, L. I., N. Y., an Army pursuit plane going at an estimated speed of 8 miles a minute, crashed when the left wing flew off. It carried with it a part of the tail. They landed a mile away. The plane cut through a group of poplars and was ground to pieces. Lieut. Sherman E. Denny was killed. Feb. 5-Japanese troops, going overland from Bias Bay supported by planes, have occupied Shayuchung and Tamshui, northeast of Hong Kong, in the Mirs Bay area, partly cutting the route to Shiukwan by which supplies entered Free China from Abroad.

Jan. 23-The 12-ton, $135,000 Transcontinental and
Western sleeper plane, bound from Los Angeles-Ten
for St. Louis, hit a tree in banking for a landing
at the Lambert Field there and crashed. The
pilot and a passenger were killed and 12 others
were injured.

-Part of 13th Century Dublin Castle that housed
the Eire government offices, including those of
the government censor, was destroyed by fire.
Valuables, furnishings and records also were
burned.

Jan. 27-The Province of Silesia, with a popula-
tion of 7,500,000, has been split, by decree of
Chancellor Hitler, into Upper and Lower Silesia.
Jan. 28 Gen. Francisco Franco put all Spanish
railroads under government ownership and oper-
ation, to relieve the food shortage.
Jan. 30-Japanese dispatches from Saigon, French
Indo-China, said that an armistice agreement
ending hostilities between Thailand and Indo-
China had been signed at noon aboard the
Japanese cruiser Natori. The armistice was for
15 days, beginning Jan. 28.

Jan. 31-In Montevideo, the Regional (Economic)
Conference of the River Plate approved a draft
convention suspending operation of the most-
favored-nation clause in dealings among Argen-
tina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
The Conference, first of its kind, closed Feb. 6.
1941-FEBRUARY

Feb. 1-William Gibbs McAdoo, 77, lawyer, builder of the New York-New Jersey Hudson Tubes, former Secretary of the Treasury, and lately U. S. Senator from California, died in Washington, of a heart attack.

men working in a quilt factory in New Haven, Conn., were burned to death. -In New York City a "New Deal in Education" went into effect when thousands of public school children took time out for a period of religious instruction in various churches and centers. Feb. 6-A Trans-Canadian Airline plane from Montreal, bound for Winnipeg, crashed when about to land at Armstrong, 391 miles east of its destination; the twelve persons aboard were killed.

-An Army bambing plane equipped with experimental apparatus to reduce hazards of Arctic flying smashed into Ragged Top Mountain in Nevada, killing its crew or eight.

-On Long Island, N. Y., an Army Air Corps pilot was killed and another hurt when their Curtiss P-40 pursuit monoplanes collided and locked 2,000 feet during combat practice and crashed in flames.

Feb. 7-Opposition to the creation of TVA. "power
yardsticks west of the Mississippi River was
voted in Denver at a Governor's Council on State
Rights." The resolution said the Arkansas Valley
plan would jeopardize continued agricultural
development in the West and would place in
jeopardy "hundreds of thousands of farm
homes."

-In Tokyo, Foreign Minister Matsuoka of Japan
opened the Thailand Indo-China peace confer-
ence with a reaffirmation of Japan's "greater
East Asia" policy. The head of the Thailand
delegates gave his nation's conception of the
Japanese policy as "prosperity for each, stability
for all."
and Peru signed agreements to foster
better relations and calling for joint defense of
their strip of the Pacific Coast under the prin-
ciples embodied in Pan-American agreements at
the Havana conference.

Feb. 2-Princeton trustees issued this rule: "Intoxi-Chile
cation or disorder and bad manners arising from
the use of liquor are particularly serious offenses
and will subject the student involved to the pen-
alty of suspension or dismissal from the uni-
versity." The order took the place of the one
195 years old, forbidding liquor in students'

rooms.

Feb. 3-The U. S. Supreme Court, 8-0 (Justice Mc-
Reynolds had retired) upheld the Federal Wage
and Hour Law. The decision reversed a 1918
ruling of the same tribunal which had denied to
In
Congress the power to outlaw child labor.
1924 a Constitutional Amendment was submit-
ted to the country, authorizing Congress "to
limit, regulate and prohibit the labor of persons
under 18 years of age." It has been ratified by
28 States; 36 States are required. The Wage and
Hour Law (Fair Labor Standards Act) prohibits
the employment of children under 16 in mining
and manufacturing and of children under 18 in
hazardous occupations, but its chief purposes are
to fix minimum wages and maximum working
hours for all workers whose products enter in-
terstate commerce. Justice Stone ruled that Con-
gress was empowered to prevent shipment in
Interstate commerce of materials produced by
employees receiving less or working longer than
the standards set in the act.

-The same Court, 5 to 2, held that disputes be-
tween labor unions are not, under the Sherman
Anti-Trust Act, subject to court review. The case
was that of Carpenters Union officials who had
been indicted on charges of seeking to force An-
heuser-Busch, Inc., a brewing company of St.
Louis, to turn over to their union the millwright
work involved in the erecting and dismantling of
machinery, although the work was being done by
the International Association of Machinists (also
A. F. L.) under a contract with the company.
--In Shanghai, King Hua-ting, editor of "Shun
Pao". a pro-Chunking vernacular newspaper

Feb. 9-Earthquakes were felt in Eureka, Calif.,
and were recorded on seismographs in Berkeley,
Calif., St. Louis University and in New York
City (Fordham University.)

Japanese shelling of Mekong River bridges on
the Burma Road has reduced traffic between
Chungking and the sea by that route, and is
diverting Chiang Kai-shek's munitions to the
route via Vladivostok, Chita and Lanchow.
Feb. 10 Gen. Walter G. Krivitsky, 41, of New York
City, who had been, he said, a former chief of
the Russian secret army intelligence service,
under Stalin, was found shot to death, a pistol
nearby, in a hotel in Washington, where he had
roomed as Walter Poref. His real name, it was
stated, was Samuel Ginsberg. The police said
that Poref, on Feb. 7, bought in Charlottesville,
Va., the pistol and 50 dum-dum bullets, when he
was visiting Eitel W. Dobert, a former German
Storm-trooper. The police listed the death as a
suicide; friends said he feared assassination by a
Soviet spy and was scared into putting a bullet in
his head.

-The U. S. Supreme Court refused to review a Federal Circuit Court of Appeals order upholding the National Labor Relations Board in its order to the Ford Motor Company to reinstate 23 employees who had been discharged for alleged union activity. The Supreme Court, in two other decisions, held that picketing activities may be enjoined if attended by violence, but that they may not be enjoined merely because the pickets were not employed at the place they were picketing.

Feb. 11-The U. S. House, 353 to 6, voted to extend for 15 months the life of the (Dies) Committee which is investigating un-American activities.

20

-Japan celebrated the 2601st anniversary of the founding of the Empire. There were rites before the Shinto shrines and mass parades of military and civic organizations to the Emperor's palace to lay the devotion of the people at his feet. The traditional imperial banquet in the Homel Hall of the Imperial Palace, was dispensed with this time.

-Col. W. G. Peace, 64, died in Laguna Beach,
Calif. He was commander of 11th U. S. Field
Artillery in the Argonne Forest Nov. 11, 1918. A
minute before the Armistice hour of 11 o'clock
a German shell killed several members of his
staff. He ordered a shot fired in retaliation, and
it exploded over the German lines as the war
ended.

Feb. 12-In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, a heat wave
killed 33 persons; 150 are under treatment.
Feb. 15-Violent wind storms in Portugal and
Northern Spain set fires at Santander, in the Bay
of Biscay, that destroyed hundreds of houses,
other buildings and boats. Spain and Portugal
counted 145 dead, thousands injured and property
damage running into millions of dollars. Hun-
dreds were unaccounted for in Portugal.
Feb. 16 Storms have spread from Africa across
the Mediterranean to the south and east of
Europe. Belgrade reported that Yugoslavia's
Lake Scutari was rising, with some buildings
already under water, while in the Batchka dis-
trict floods had destroyed many dwellings and
threatened others.

Feb. 17-The U. S. Supreme Court ruled unani-
mously that Earl Russell Browder, general secre-
tary of the Communist party in the United States
and its candidate for President last year, must
serve a four-year sentence for passport fraud.
The Court also sustained the passport fraud con-
viction in New York of Welzel Warzower, alias
Robert William Weiner, whose case virtually
Warzower, a native Rus-
duplicated Browder's.
sian who submitted a forged birth certificate to
obtain a passport, must serve two years.
-In Brazil, at Porto Alegre, the Communist leader.
Juvenal V. Silva, was killed when he resisted
arrest. The police of Rio Grande du Sol tracked
down the Communist leader, who was holding a
secret meeting with other Communists from Rio
de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, and a gun fight en-
sued.

Feb. 18-The U. S. House passed the bill providing
for reapportionment of its membership.
Feb. 19-At Gatun, Army officials watched a cater-
pillar-type shovel lift out three and one-half
cubic yards of dirt-the first dig of the job of
building the third set of locks for the Panama
Canal. More than 12,000,000 cubic yards are to
be excavated. The work is to be done in two
years, eight months.

Feb. 20-In New York City the members of the
American Society of Composers, Authors and
Publishers gave formal ratification to the con-
sent decree, announced Feb. 19, which ends the
Federal Government's anti-trust suits against
the society.

Feb. 21-Ex-Foreign Commissar Maxim Litvinoff
and Palina Molotoff, wife of the Premier, were
dropped from membership in the Central Com-
mittee of the Communist party (of which Stalin
is Secretary) for "inability to discharge obliga-
tions."

-President Pedro Aguirre Cerda of Chile vetoed a
bill outlawing the Communist party, explaining
that he regarded the measure as "contrary to
the democratic principles that inspire my govern-
ment.

-Sir F. G. Banting, 49, co-discoverer of insulin,
was killed, with two companions, when his plane
crashed in the snow near Musgrave Harbor,
Newfoundland, on a "mission of high national
and scientific importance," to Great Britain.
Feb. 22-The Nationalist government in Spain has
decreed that Castilian is the only language to be
spoken or written in that country. In Catalonia
and the Basque provinces the ban against all
In Barcelona Spanish
but Castilian is enforced.
names have been given to the streets, and
Castilian is the only language used in schools.
Similar measures
the courts or the newspapers.
have been taken in the three Basque provinces
which sided with the Loyalists in the Civil war.
Feb. 23-Rochester, N. Y., held a public reception
complete with a 100-candle cake, to Henry Lilly.
commander of the State's Grand Army of the
Republic on his hundredth birthday. A farm boy
from Loretto, Pa., he enlisted in the Union Arm
in 1862 at 21. He fought in the Army of the
Potomac at Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettys-
burg and in the Second Battle of Bull Run.
Feb. 24-The first Swiss-Russian trade agreement.
since the Bolshevik revolution, was signed in

Moscow for one year.
on barter.

The agreement is based
-A truckload of ice cutters from Montreal was
erossing the St. Lawrence River when the
vehicle broke through and sank in 50 feet of
water; 11 of the 17 men were drowned.
by Gen. Friedrich Christiansen, German Military
Feb. 26 Following a proclamation in Amsterdam,
Commander, establishing a military administra-
tion for the Province of North Holland, on ac-
count of the "disturbed political situation.", it
was announced that six civilians had been killed
and a number wounded in clashes between the
police and "disturbers of the peace" strikers
and alleged attackers of secret Jewish organiza-
tions. There were many prisoners. Strikers were
ordered back to work. Christiansen fined Amster-
dam 15 million guilders as a penalty. A Jew was
shot to death in Amsterdam by a firing squad
March 3. He was convicted of spraying acid on
the secret police. Many were went to prison. The
outbreaks were also in Hilversum and Zaandam.
-In Lackawanna, N. Y., the C.I.O. called a strike
at the Bethlehem Steel Company's plant; 4,000
quit and 3,000 pickets went on duty outside the
place.

Silver Sleeper" plane of Eastern Air Lines was Feb. 27-The new $120,000, 14-passenger "Mexico torn to pieces in a grove of pine trees encountered in the rain on the way to the Candler landing field in Atlanta, Ga., which was only 5 miles distant; seven of the persons aboard were killed and nine were injured, one fatally. Among those hurt was Capt. E. V. Rickenbacker, president of the line. The plane had left New York City Feb. 26 and was bound for Brownsville, Tex., by way of Atlanta and New Orleans.

Feb. 28-Ex-King Alfonso XIII (54) of Spain, who
had been in exile, died from a heart attack in
Rome in the presence of his wife, former Queen
Victoria; his two sons, Don Juan and Don
Jaime, and one of his daughters, Princess
Beatrix.
-Snow storms along the north Atlantic coast
killed 30 persons-eight of them in New Jersey.
1941-MARCH

March 1-Earthquakes in the area of Larissa, in
Northern Greece, made several thousand persons
homeless.

of Wilmington, the Attorney General of the State March 2-In Delaware, and particularly in the City issued orders which resulted in hundreds of arrests for violations of the 200-year old "Blue Laws," forbidding any kind of work on Sunday. The State House of Representatives had rejected by three votes an amendment which would have permitted each community to decide the extent of its Sunday observance. The amendment had been approved by the Senate. The Legislature repealed the "Blue Laws" five days later. March 3-The U. S. Supreme Court unanimously outlawed agreements by which manufacturers of women's hats and dresses sought to eliminate style "piracy" by registering new creations and penalizing anyone copying the designs. -Ex-King Carol of Rumania and his companion, Mme. Magda Lupescu, fied to Portugal, by automobile, from Seville, Spain, where they had been under detention" for several months. March 4-President Roosevelt began his ninth year in office with a head cold which had kept him secluded for four days in the White House. March 5-In Amsterdam, 18 Hollanders have been condemned to death by a German court martial in an esponiage and sabotage trial. The court, which had sat for a week, sentenced 19 others to one and one-half to seven years imprisonment; six others were set free. The defendants were charged with being leaders of a group who engaged in acts of sabotage and terrorism against the German Army and the army supply service. and also with doing espionage work. The Mayor of Amsterdam was removed. March 8-A snow storm left 11.6 inches in New York City and several inches more in Connecticut, Massachusetts and Maine.

March 10-In New York City, 1,305 buses quit operating because of a strike of the 3,500 drivers, and 900,000 daily passengers had to look for. subway, "L" and taxi ways for transportation. The strike was settled March 20, with a mutual agreement to run the buses and arbitrate. --Twelve firemen were killed and 20 hurt in Brockton, Mass., when the roof of a burning theater fell on them.

The Chamber of Deputies in Haiti adopted a resolution extending the term of President Stenio Vincent for 5 years from May 15, when his present term will expire.

In Washington a renewal was signed to an 1899 convention which permits British and American

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