to destroy the Protestant mission. Here | A few days afterwards M. Bardel, who since his return from his secret mission had been taken into high favour, and is understood to have presumed too much on it, was brought to the tent in which the English prisoners remained in chains, and added to their numberhis offence being, as was publicly stated by the head jailer, that he had misrepresented the Under the belief that the persons and property prisoners to the Emperor, and caused him to of Europeans were inviolable, Mr. Stern had chain them, that he had himself also spoken incautiously recorded, both in his manuscript ill of the Emperor, and that he had further, by notebook and in his printed work, of which he unfounded assertions, tried to prejudice him had taken a copy with him to Abyssinia, facts against the European workmen at Gaffat; and opinions more or less derogatory to the which last grievance the Emperor doubtless Emperor Theodore. During his illness he had took to heart far more than the others, on employed himself, as best he could, in erasing account of his great regard for them. from his journals and other papers the offensive passages. But, unfortunately, he had mentioned their existence to M. Bardel, and that individual made known the fact to the Emperor. Torture and captivity were the lot of all till the 25th of February, 1866, when Mr. Rassam arived at the Emperor's camp, It is pleasant to think M. Bardel is himand orders were given for their liberation. self a prisoner, and at one time shared the The captives were willing now to make any chains of Mr. Stern. Then, for the first sort of submission that might be required of time, the anger of Theodore was really ex- them. The Emperor was in the humour cited, and all the Europeans, the English to be gracious. But Mr. Rassam did not Consul not excepted, were imprisoned. But even now all might shortly have been well. The artisan missionaries and the Scotch were released, and on the 20th November a High Court was held to try Stern, Rosenthal, and Mrs. Flad. Their Own quite understand the potentate he had to deal with. He attempted to smuggle the captives off, and had no desire to remain a hostage himself. Theodore saw through the design, and the result was that Mr. Rassam himself was added to the number of countrymen wisely admitted their guilt. the prisoners. There he remains along They had but to confess, and be pardoned. with them at present. Dr. Beke, with his By that fatality, which seems to have at-wife, was once on his way to assist, and is tended every step of this business, they ready to go out again; but the position of tried to justify their conduct. It is strange Theodore has altered in the meantime, and that men who make the Bible their study the future is more uncertain than ever. should so utterly ignore the many worldly precepts which it contains. Solomon, who ought to have known something about it, tells the uninitiated how to deal with princes, and that the very bird in the air will Dr. Beke thinks we are drifting into a war with Abyssinia, and in that case his personal knowledge of the country may be very useful. But Theodore is so capricious— especially after dinner that perhaps one day convey whatever is said against them. They he may behave like the Chinese, drive his were condemned (privately) to death; "the knives to cut off their hands and feet prisoners away as fast as he can, and be actually lving close to the spot where they glad to get rid of them. The situation is had stood." Again they stood a chance; but they lost it, and on "January 4th, 1864, Captain Cameron, his European attendants, and all the missionaries, were put in fetters, and, together with Stern and Rosenthal, confined in one commmon prison within the royal enclosure." And now they had to welcome their betrayer, M. Bardel: very unpleasant. But we do not see that France has managed so much better than ourselves. There is nothing for it but to wait till the spring for further news, and to recommend Dr. Beke's book to those Members of Parliament who want to make out a case against the Foreign Office. No. 1182. Fourth Series, No. 43. 26 January, 1867. BOOKS PUBLISHED AT THIS OFFICE SENT FREE OF POSTAGE. FOR EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the Living Age will be punctually forwarded for a year, free of postage. But we do not prepay postage on less than a year; nor where we have to pay commission for forwarding the money. Price of the First Series, in Cloth, 36 volumes, 90 dollars. Second 64 The Complete work 20 50 46 Any Volume Bound, 3 dollars; Unbound, 2 dollars. The sets, or volumes will be sent at the expense of the publishers. Under the belief that the persons and property of Europeans were inviolable, Mr. Stern had incautiou-ly recorded, both in his manuscript notebook and in his printed work, of which he had taken a copy with him to Abyssinia, fact and opinions more or less derogatory to th Emperor Theodore. During his illness he ha employed himself, as best he could, in erasi from his journals and other papers the offensiv passages. But, unfortunately, he had mention their existence to M. Bardel, and that indivi ual made known the fact to the Emperor. . It is pleasant to think M. Bardel is hi self a prisoner, and at one time shared t chains of Mr. Stern. Then, for the fi time, the anger of Theodore was really cited, and all the Europeans, the Engl Consul not excepted, were imprison But even now all might shortly have b well. The artisan missionaries and Scotch were released, and on the 20th vember a High Court was held to try St Rosenthal, and Mrs. Flad. Their countrymen wisely admitted their g They had but to confess, and be pardon By that fatality, which seems to have tended every step of this business, t tried to justify their conduct. It is stra that men who make the Bible their st should so utterly ignore the many worl precepts which it contains. Solomon, ought to have known something about tells the uninitiated how to deal with p ces, and that the very bird in the air convey whatever is said against them. T were condemned (privately) to dea "the knives to cut off their hands and actually lying close to the spot where t had stood." Again they stood a cha but they lost it, and on "January 4th, 1 Captain Cameron, his European attenda and all the missionaries, were put in fet and, together with Stern and Rosent confined in one commmon prison within royal enclosure." And now they ha welcome their betrayer, M. Bardel: wing me; the tree, Kaffence, me ence! ames-jeclare: koning bear! that it is the recognized, unerring recorder of science, the auxiliary of the law, the willing assistant of the painter and the sculptor, for whom it does yeoman's service, the art itself is without a history. The records of its first days, although scarcely reaching beyond the present generation, are meagre and fragmentary. To the initial facts upon which it is based we find occasional allu sions as early as the sixteenth century, some of the alchemists regarding solar action as one source of the transmutation of metals, a conclusion doubtless derived from their observation that chloride of silver, known to them as luna cornua, was changed in colour by the rays of the sun. A century later, in 1777, the illustrious chemist, Scheele, records some interesting experiments on the same properties in this salt; but his discoveries remained dead facts, without application; and it was not until the commencement of the present century that the possibility of drawing by sunlight assumed a definite shape in men's minds. 6 In 1802, Thomas Wedgwood, the son of the celebrated potter, published in the Journal of the Royal institution An account of Method of Copying Paintings upon Glass, and of making Profiles by the Agency of Light upon Nitrate of Silver;' Obs rvations.' by Sir Humphry Davy, who had assisted in the experiments, accompanying the paper. In the brief but interesting record of their experiments, after learning that 6 muriate of silver' was found to be more sensitive than nitrate of silver, that white leather when prepared was more sensitive than paper, and that although the images of the camera obscura could not be secured in any moderate time, yet those of the solar microscope could be copied on prepared paper without difficulty, we also learn the fatal fact, that no attempts that have been made to prevent the uncoloured parts of the copy or profile from being acted upon by light have as yet been successful.' They had discovered but half the spell; the pictures could not be fixed. The agency they had invoked continued its work until the images first produced by its aid were destroyed by its continued action, and a blackened sheet of paper was all thất rẻmained. Although these efforts were unsuccessful, and the idea seemed for some time abandoned, yet from this time we find the science of the sunbeam gaining increased attention, and the Transactions of the Royal Society and other learned bodies began to furnish trustworthy records of the researches into the chemical action of the solar rays, which initiated photography as a science, |