,Oh dear! we are undone (lost).'

Lubin, 'but you should not say we.'

1

'You may be,' replied Whereupon he sprang

over the hedge, leaving 1 Richard to the mercy of the robbers.

Ibicus, who lived

6

4

9

about five hundred and forty years before Christ, was murdered by banditti. While the robbers were killing 5 him, he perceived a flight of cranes in the air, and cried out: 'O cranes, you will one day bear witness against my murderers!' Some time after, 7 Some time after, the assassins being s in the market-place, some cranes flew over, and one of the bandits seeing them said to his companions: 'Look, there go the witnesses of Ibicus.' A person who happened 1o to overhear him, suspected that he and his companions knew something of the murder, and informed the officers of justice. They were consequently taken, 11 confessed 12 their guilt, and received 13 their merited punishment.

49. THE ELECTION OF KING DARIUS.

The conspirators who killed 14 the wicked King, were so equal in virtue 15 and nobleness, that it was difficult to elect 16 a new King. They decided on 17 a method. They made an agreement amongst themselves, that they should

10 Who happened to overhear him, die ihn zufällig hörte; 'to happen' with following Inf. must be translated by the adverb 'zufällig', accidentally.

11 To take, feft-nehmen, in the sense of taken to prison.

12 Confessed, gestanden; gestehen, gestand, gestanden.

13 Received, empfingen; empfangen, empfing, empfangen.

3

5

1

6

all lead their horses on a certain day in the morning before the Royal Palace, and that he should be King, whose horse should neigh first at sunrise, for the Sun is the only god amongst the Persians, and horses are dedicated to this god. Among the conspirators was Darius, son of Hystaspes; his horse neighed first, and thus he became King. The moderation of the others was so great, that they at once jumped from their horses and saluted Darius as their King. S

50. MACBETH.

10

Macbeth invited Duncan to come 9 11 to visit him, at the great castle near 12 Inverness; and the good King, who had no suspicion of 13 his kinsman, accepted 14 the invitation very willingly. Macbeth and his lady received the King with much appearance of joy, and made a great feast, as a subject would do to make his king welcome. 15 About the middle of the night, the King desired to go 16 to his apartment, and Macbeth conducted him to a fine room which had been prepared for him. Then the cruel Macbeth 17 came into King Duncan's bedroom about two in the morning. It was a terrible stormy night; but the noise of the wind and of the

'Only' preceded by the article is in German, der einzige .. 7 See p. 4 n. 5.

8 'As their king' is governed by 'saluted' in the accusative case.

9 Invited, lud . . . ein; ein—laden,

lud,

geladen.

10 To come to' is mostly left out in German; thus here: invited

thunder did not awaken the King. So Macbeth having come 1 into the room, he took the two daggers which belonged to the sentinels, and stabbed poor old King Duncan to the heart.

2

51. ALFRED KING OF ENGLAND.

3

Of all the kings of England before the Conquest the most excellent was Alfred. He had a graceful behaviour, a ready wit, and a good memory; but through the over-indulgence of his parents, he was not taught to read till he was twelve years old. His desire for learning, however, soon appeared. He was fond of reciting Saxon poems, which, with great attention, he had heard repeated by others. He thirsted after knowledge, and often complained that in his youth he had no teachers. But in the midst of his arduous government, he found time, not only to learn much himself, but to communicate what he could to his people.

5

6

52. HERCULES IN HEAVEN.

7

4

When Hercules was received into heaven, among all the gods and goddesses, he first made his salutations to Juno. All heaven, and Juno herself, were amazed at it. 10 'Thine enemy,' they called out to him, 'meetest thou in so distinguished a manner?' 'Yes, herself!' replied Her

1 See p. 14 n. 9 i. e. when . . . had come, took he . . .

2 To, in.

3 I. e. desire to learn.

* I. e. which he . . . by others repeat had heard (hören); the Inf. is used instead of the past part. P. of können, mögen, sollen, dürfen, müssen, wollen, lassen, hören etc. if preceded by another Infinitive.

5 The subject comes immediately after the conjunction.

1

cules. 'It is her persecutions alone which have given me an opportunity for those deeds through which I have deserved heaven.' Olympus approved of the answer of the new god, and Juno was reconciled.

2

53. THE FAREWELL.

As 3 I saw the last blue line of my native land fade away like a cloud in the horizon, it seemed as if I had closed one volume of the world and its concerns and had time for meditation before I opened another. That land, too, now vanishing 5 from my view, which contained all that was most dear to me in life, what vicissitudes might occur in it! What changes might take place in me before I should visit it again! Who can tell, when he sets forth to wander, whither he may be driven by the uncertain currents of existence, or when he may return, or whether it may ever be his lot to revisit the scenes of his childhood?

6

54. A SURPRISE.

7

9

When Frederick the Great, after the battle of Leuthen, arrived at Lissa by night, this place was still occupied by Austrians, who were firing upon the pursuing victors. Turning 10 suddenly to the left, Frederick said to the nearest of his suite: 'Follow me; I am well acquainted with this locality. Let us pass over the draw-bridge which leads to the castle.' At the gate he was met by a number of Aus

1 'It is her persecutions alone which have' is to be rendered in German, 'only her persecutions have.'

2 To approve of, billigen (acc.).

3 See P.

4 n. 6 and p. 1 n. 5.

4 As if, als ob, with Subj.; see p. 1 n. 5.

5 See p. 14 n. 9 i. e. which .. vanishes and which

...

6 'When' if interrogative is, wann, instead of wenn.

7 See p. 4 n. 6.

8 See p. 2 n. 7.

9 Were firing, i. e. fired.

10 See p. 14 n. 9.

contained.

1

trian officers with lights in their hands. 'Good evening, gentlemen,' he1 addressed them, 'you did not expect me here, I suppose. Are there any quarters yet left for me?' The officers, staring at him with awe, stood silent and motionless, until the arrival of more Prussians changed the

scene.

4

5

2

55. FERDINANDO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO.

3

Ferdinando Alvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva, was the most successful and experienced general of Spain, or of Europe. No man had studied more deeply, or practised more constantly, the military science. In the most important of all arts at that epoch he was a consummate artist. In the only honourable profession of the age he was the most pedantic professor. Since the days of Demetrius Poliorcetes, no man had besieged so many cities. Since the days of Fabius Cunctator, no general had avoided so many battles; and no soldier, courageous as he was, ever attained to a more sublime indifference to calumny or depreciation. Conscious of holding his armies in his hand, by the power of an unrivalled discipline, and the magic of a name illustrated by a hundred triumphs, he could bear with patience and benevolence the murmurs of his soldiers when their battles were denied them.

6

56. THE ENGLISH ARTILLERY.

The English Artillery has a great advantage over the other arms in respect of facility for development; it possesses a central place in Woolwich, which is the head quarters of the whole Artillery, and the chief arsenal of Great Britain.

1 In a parenthesis like this, the subject follows the verb.

2 See p. 14 n. 9.

3 The adverbial form is generally not expressed in German. 4 See p. 27 n. 6.

5 See p. 2 n. 7.