1. The eagle, the eagles. 2. Of an eagle, of the eagles. 3. For an eagle, for eagles. 4. Of friendship, of wisdom. 5. For friendship, for wisdom. 6. With friendship, with wisdom. 7. The friend, the friends. 8. Of the friend, of the friends. 9. For the friend, for the friends. 10. The books, the prizes. 11. The boy's book.

12. Of the bird, of the birds. the birds. 14. The art of war.

13. For the bird, for

15. The arts of war.

16. With the arts of war. 17. The chariot, of the chariots. 18. Of hope, with hope. 19. Cicero the orator. 20. Concerning Cicero the orator.

LESSON II.

ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS.
[7-10.]

6. LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR.

I. Declension of Adjectives. 148; 150-153.
II. Comparison of Adjectives. 160-162.

III. Agreement of Adjectives.

IV. Declension of Pronouns.

Rule XXXIII. 438. 182-191.

V. Agreement of Pronouns. Rule XXXIV. 445; 445, 1.

1. In translating a noun and its adjective into Latin, we must begin with the noun, because the gender and case of the noun will determine the ending of the adjective, which must agree with it.

2. THE PEOPLE, populus; THE not translated.

3. ROMAN, Romānus, a, um. But as populus is in the Nom. Sing. Masc., the adjective must be in the same case, gender, etc., according to Rule XXXIII. Hence Romānus.

4. The adjective may either precede or follow its noun, but seems more frequently to follow when not emphatic. See Gram. 598. Hence Populus Romānus.

II. True friendships.

1. FRIENDSHIPS. Friendship (for which you must look, not friendships) is amicitia; FRIENDSHIPS is amicitiae, the plural of amicitia. 2. TRUE, verus, a, um. But as amicitiae is in the Nom. Plur. Fem., the adjective must be in the same case, etc.; hence verae.

3. In true friendships, as opposed to false friendships, true is emphatic. Hence verae must precede its noun. See Gram. 598, 2. Verae amicitiae.

III. An animal which.

1. AN ANIMAL, animal; AN—not translated.

2. WHICH, qui, quae, quod. But as animal is in the Neut. Sing., the relative must be in the same gender and number, according to Rule XXXIV.; hence quod.

IV. This state.

1. STATE, civitas.

Animal quod.

2. THIS, hic, haec, hoc. But as civitas is in the Nom. Sing. Fem., the

1 In the Models and Exercises, italicized English words are emphatic.

demonstrative which agrees with it as an adjective must be in the same case, etc. See Gram. 445, 1; hence haec.

1. A kind friend, of a kind friend. 2. Kind friends, of kind friends. 3. True friendship, of true friendships. 4. An acceptable present, with acceptable presents. 5. The beautiful books, the beautiful crowns, the beautiful presents. 6. Useful laws, of the useful laws.

7. A high mountain, a higher mountain, the highest mountain. 8. The most diligent pupils. 9. Of me, of you,' of himself, of whom? 10. With my books, with 11. This mountain, this crown, this

1

your books.

present. 12. A certain book.

1 In the Exercises the pronoun you may be treated as singular, unless it is marked (pl.), or is shown by the sense to be plural. In like man

ner, your may be treated as referring to one person, unless the sense shows that two or more persons are addressed.

LESSON III.

VERBS. SUM. FIRST AND SECOND CONJUGATIONS.

[11-13.]

11. LESSON FROM THE GRAMMAR.

I. Verb Sum. 204.

II. First Conjugation. 205, 206.

III. Second Conjugation. 207, 208.

IV. Subject Nominative. Rule III. 367.

V. Agreement of Verb with Subject. Rule XXXV. 460.

VI. Predicate Nouns. Rule I. 362.

VII. Direct Object. Rule V. 371.

1. GOD, Deus. As subject it must be in the Nominative, according to Rule III.

2. MADE. Look for the present make, not for made; MAKE, BUILD, aedifico (I make); I MADE, aedificavi. But as Deus, the subject, is in the Third Pers. Sing., the verb must be in the same person and number, according to Rule XXXV.; hence aedificăvit.

3. WORLD, mundus. But as direct object of aedificăvit, it must be in the Accus.; hence mundum.

II. Cincinnatus was dictator.

1. CINCINNATUS, Cincinnatus, the same as in English. As subject it must be in the Nominative.

2. WAS. The verb to be is sum, I am. I WAS, fui; but according to Rule XXXV., the verb must agree with its subject, Cincinnātus ; hence fuit.

3. DICTATOR, dictator, the same as in English. As predicate noun, it must agree in case with Cincinnātus, according to Rule I., hence in the Nom.

4. The Predicate Noun may either precede or follow the verb. Placing it before the verb, we have

Cincinnatus dictator fuit.

14. VOCABULARY.

Accuse, accuso, āre, āvi, ātum.
Advise, moneo, ĕre, ui, itum.

Be, sum, esse, fui.

Blame, vitupero, āre, āvi, ātum.

Grieve, doleo, ĕre, ui, itum.
Happy, beatus, a, um.

Praise, laudo, āre, āvi, ātum.
That, ille, a, ud.

15. EXERCISE.

1. This law is useful.

These laws will be useful.

2. That law was useful. 3. 4. 4. We may be happy. 5. You (pl.)' might have been happy. 6. I praise, we praise. 7. He was blaming, they were blaming. 8. I shall praise, we shall praise. 9. He accuses, he is accused. 10. He will accuse, he will be accused.

11. They praised Cicero. 12. We will praise Cicero. 13. Cicero has been praised. 14. I grieve, we grieve. 15. He was grieving, they were grieving. 16. I shall grieve, we shall grieve. 17. He advises, he is advised. 18. He was advising, he was advised. 19. You will advise the boys. 20. The boys have been advised.

See foot note page 5.