In the night, a regiment was transported across the river, to storm the works on the western bank, and turn the guns on the American troops on •he eastern. Early in the morning, the main body of the enemy, consistng of more than eight thousand men, marched from their camp to the assault. While approaching, fearless and undaunted, showers of grape-shot thinned their ranks. When they came within musket-shot, a vivid stream of fire burst from the American lines. General Jackson having placed his troops in two ranks, those in the rear loaded for those in front, enabling them to fire with scarcely a moment's intermission. The militia of the west, trained from infancy to the use of the rifle, seldom took unsteady or uncertain aim. The plain was soon covered with dead and wounded; some British regiments faltered and fell back; but others advanced and presented new victims. While bravely leading to the walls the regiment which bore the ladders, General Packenham was killed. In attempting to restore order and to rally the fugitives, General Gibbs, the second in command, was wounded mortally, and General Keane severely. Without officers to direct them, the troops first halted, then fell back, and soon fled in disorder to their camp. In little more than an hour, two thousand of the enemy were laid prostrate upon the field; while of the Americans but seven were killed and six wounded—a disproportion of loss without a par allel in the annals of warfare.

General Lambert, upon whom the command of the British army de volved, despairing of success, prepared to return to his shipping. In his retreat he was not molested: General Jackson wisely resolving to hazard nothing that he had gained in attempting to gain still more. The events of the day on the west side of the river, present a striking contrast to those which occurred opposite them. The Americans were thrice the number of their assailants, and were well protected by intrenchments— yet they ingloriously fled. The British closely pursued, until they learned the defeat of the main irmy, when they returned.

Rejoicings for the splendid preservation of New Orleans had hardly ceased, when a special messenger arrived from Europe bringing with him a treaty of peace. Affairs had taken a new turn in Ghent, it seelns, so that the treaty was signed at that place on the 24th of December* 1814, and in London, by the Prince Regent, four days later. The British government had receded from all its former exorbitant demands; and as the orders in council had been repealed, and all motive for the impressment of seamen had ceased with the war in Europe, no stipulation in regard to those subjects was inserted in the treaty—which provided merely for the restoration of peace and the revision of boundaries. The treaty was immediately ratified by the president and senate.

The war, however, did not cease on the ocean, until additional victories lad imparted a brighter lustre to the republican flag. In February, the Constitution, then cruizing under the command of Captain Stewart, captured the Cyane and the Levant, whose forces united were superior to hers: and in March, the sloop Hornet captured the brig Penguin, stronger in guns and men than the victor.

Details of battles can hardly be considered appropriate in a work like 'lis; yet in order to render complete the chain of events which leada from one prominent point in history to another, it is due that allusion should be lade to them.

With reference to authorities consulted in the compilation of these pages, it is proper to observe also that none but the best have been consid ered worthy of attention.

The annexed summary, we have been at some pains to procure, for the purpose of showing the reader at a glance, the total amount of life de stroyed in the course of this conflict:

BATTLES ON LAND,

Fotgkt between the American* and Britith during the war of 1812-14, riik dates, namrs of commanding officere, and their respective losset.

BaowssTowj. August 4th, 1812, American, Major Van Horn, lost 47; British and Indians, loss unknown.

Magcago An;. 9th. 1312, American, Colonel Miller, loss 76; Britisb, Major Mair toss 129.

Detroit August 16th, 1312. American, General Hull, surrendered 2340: British, General Brock, loss 0.

PICOLATA, Sept. 27, 1812. American, Colonel Newman, loss 15; Creeks kad Seminoles, loss 70.

Quee>stown, Oct. 13th. 1312, American, General Tan Rensselaer, loss 950: British. General Brock, loss 150.

TirrECAxoE. Nov. 7lh, 1311, American, General Harrison, loss 183; Tndians, Tecum seh. loss 301.

Massasisewa. Dec. 13th, 1812, American, Colonel Campbell, loss 36, Indiana, Pro

phet, loss 77.

?ax«CBTOWN, Jan. ISth, 1S13, American, Colonel Lewis, loss 67; British. Major Revnolds, loss 33.

RENCHTOW5. Jan. 22, 1813. American, General Winchester, loss 9oS: British. Col Proctor, loss 315.

Tork, (C. C.) April 27th, 1813. American, General Pike, loss 269. British. Gesert! Sheatfe, lo>s 695.

Fort Meigs, May jih, 13J3, American, General Harrison, loss 133; Indians. 43 prisoners.

Rapids or Miasi, May 5th, 1813, American, Colonel Dudley, loss 750; Britisa. General Proctor, loss 60.

FORT GEORGE, May 27th, 1813, American, General Dearborn, loss 160; British. Gee eral Vincent, loss 557.

Sachktt's Hakbocr. May 27th. 1813, American, General Brown, loss 131; British Sir George Prevost. loss 164.

STONY CREEK, June 6th. 1813. American. General Chandler, loss 155: British, Gen eral Vincent, loss 50.

Cranet Island. June 22d, 1813. American. Colonel Beatty, loss 0: British, Admi ral Warren, loss 222.

BEAVER DAMS, June 21th, 1813. American, Colonel Boerstler, loss 535; British. Col Bishop, loss 65

Fort Saxdcsct. Aus. 2d, 1813, American, Major Croghan. loss 8; British. Genen'

Proctor, loss 176.

MoRATiAX Tows. Oct. 5th. 1813, American. General Harrison, loss 29: British aar Indians, loss 635.

WILLIAMSBURG, Oct. II, 1813. American. General Boyd, loss 339; British. C'Jon Morrison, loss 180.

TALLUSHATCHIE, Not. 3d, 1813, American, General Coffee, loss 46; Creek IiaiUas loss 270.

Talladega, Not. S:h. 1313, American, General Jackson, loss 30: Creek Indians, loss 290.

HILLIBEE TOWNS, Nov. ISth, 1813, American, General White, loss 5; Creek Indies*. loss 250.

ArTossER, November 29th, 1813. American. General Floyd, loss 65; Autossee King, loss 200.

ECCANOCHOO, Dec. 23d, 1813, American. General Claiborne, loss 7; Wetherford, loss 30.

CAMP DEFIANCE, January 27th, 1814, American, General Floyd, loss 149; Indians. loss 87.

KxiTACHorco Creek, Jan. 23d, 1814, American, General Jackson, loss 95; Indians, loss 1S9.

RLLAPoosA Bexd. March 27th, 1814, American. General Jackson, lose 132; Indians, loss 850

LA COLLE MILL, March 30th, 1814, American, General Wilkinson, loss 74; British, Major Handcock, loss 58.

Oiweoo, May 6th, 1814, American, Colonel Mitchell, loss 69; British, Goners' Dnimmond, loss 235.

SANDY CREEK, May 30th, 1814, American, Major Appling, loss 4; British, Captain Pophum, loss 200.

Chippewa, July 5th, 1814, American, General Brown, loss 323; British, General Rial], loss 538.

Niagara, July 25th, 1814, American, Generals Brown and Scott, loss 858; British, Generals Riall and Dnimmond, less 878.

Fort Erie, August 15th, 1814, American, General Ripley, loss 84; British, General Dnimmond, loss 990.

Cokjocta Creek, Aug. 18th, 1314, American, Colonel Morgan, loss 10; British, Co Tucker, loss 30.

Bladessburo, Aug. 24th, 1814, American, General Winder, loss 190; British, Get eral Ross, loss 130.

Moore's Fields, Aug. 30th, 1814, American, Colonel Reed, loss 3; Britisb. 8ir P. Parker, loss 33.

North Foist, Sept. 13th, 1814, American, General Smith, loss 212; British, Genera. Boss, loss 380.

Plattsburgh, Sept. 11th, 1814, American, General Macomb, loss 119; British, Sir George Provost, loss 2500.

Fort Bowter, Sept. 15th, 1814, American, Major Lawrence, loss 9; British, Hon W. H. Percy, loss 250.

FORT ERIE, Sept. 17th, 1814, American, General Brown, loss 395; British, Generil Dnimmond, loss 985.

Cook's Mills, Oct. 19th, 1814, American, General Bissell, loss 60; British, Marquil Twecdale, loss—stores and position.

{ear New-orleans, Dec. 23d, 1814, American, General Jackson, loss 223; British, General Keane, loss 400.

Ikw-orleans, Jan. 8th, 1815, American, General Jackson, loss 13; British, General Packenham, loss 2600.

Total, American loss 10,229—British loss 19,729.

On the following page will be found a table of the principal battles at sea during the war. The details of a majority of them are familiar to our readers, and will be found briefly related in the foregoing pages. Many minor engagements have been omitted, in which signal ability and bravery were displayed, because of their having taken place irregularly, or between privateers and merchantmen. The Saratoga, for instance, was an American private-armed cruizer, and the Morgiana a British packet. The first, being chased by one of the enemy's frigates, was obliged to throw overboard nearly all her guns to effect an escape; after which, falling unexpectedly in with the latter, she determined to grapple and trust to boarding, when, after a brief but fierce and bloody struggle, the Uriton was forced to yield. The Chasseur was also a privateer, an armed clipper belonging to Baltimore, whose commander facetiously issued his proclamation "for the blockade of all the bays, rivers, outlets, and inlets of the United Kingdom of Great Dritain and Ireland," in imitation ot British officers cruizing near the American coast. On his first expedition he made 18 valuable prizes, which were successively sent into New-York, Subsequently he gave chase to a "whity-brown schooner, no men or ports," which proved a disguised man-of-war of 15 guns, but he captured him by clo sing in. A fresh enemy heaving in sigh Capt. Boyle was forced to send his prize a cartel into Havana, while he made for Martinique to refit. The Gent. Armstrong was a New-York privateer, attacked while at anchor in a neutral port, at midnight, by 12 British boats manned with near 400 men. Timely notice being given of their approach, a deadly fire was opened on them, sink. ing, and putting them to flight. The Decatur was a private-armed vesselthe Dominica belonged to the British navy.

ACTIONS

AT

SEA,

BETWEEN THE NAVIES OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATE8,

From luoosr 12, 1812, To March 23, 1814.

CHAPTER IV.

FR0M THE TREATY OF GHENT TO THE PRESENT TIME.

We come now to consider, not a series of victories springing out of bloodshed, but some of the more truly ennobling and substantial triumph* which arise from an uninterrupted season of peace. One of the most liberal and enlighted of monarch* [Louis Philippe] has declared it his deliberate conviction that no serious collision between civilized nations can ever again occur. Looking abroad upon the world with a serene eye and mature judgment, he cannot but feel persuaded that the present mental superiority of mankind over former ages, will forbid the toleration hereafter of anything like the barbarism called war. We may at least be alowed to hope that he is right.

At the close of the struggle of 1812, the people of the United States found that, if they had accomplished all for which they began the contest, they had also materially crippled themselves; that although their bravery in battle and moderation in victory was now more firmly than ever established, those laurels constituted all that they had won. In return for which, they had increased their public debt an hundred millions of dollars; had completely deranged the monetary affairs of the country, overturned their general credit, and destroyed entirely the banking system of the nation. Innumerable failures had taken place in the eastern and middle states; and great dissatisfaction among the people resulted from certain swindling operations which had taken place by means of private banks and speculating brokers. Without a reliable currency, the circulation of specie being of course very limited, the commerce of the nation was in a fair way to experience a perfect paralyzation.

To remedy these evils, Congress deemed it expedient and necessary to provide for the establishment of a new national bank, the old one having expired wiih the year 1810, by limitation of its charter. It was therefore enacted, after a most strenuous opposition, that a bank should be organized, to continue tw*nty-one years from the 1st of July, 1816, having for its capital thirty-five millions of dollars. The labours of this great monied corporation were in the beginning, doubtless, highly beneficial to the country; but that it subsequently became a very dangerous monopoly, whose workings were at the least not beneficial to society, is strenuously maintained by the party now holding the reins of government, while the contrary is as strongly maintained by its opponents.

The next subject that engrossed the attention of Congress, was a revision of the duties on goods imported. In forming the new tariff, a judicious attention was given to protect domestic manufactures, without at the same time injuring the national revenue, or lessening, by over-indulgence, the industry and economy requisite to their full success. The iouble war imposts were, with few exceptions, reduced; but a large increase was made to the duties on some fabrics, particularly cotton cloths of a coarse description, especially when imported from the East Indies, There those articles are manufactured by persons contented with daily vages not exceeding a few cents, and from a material not grown in the Jnited States. It is but justice here to state, that the regulation of the sriff would probably never have been quite as favourable as it is to the interests of the home manufacturers of this country, were it not for an antiring vigilance in their behalf, on the part of the Hon. H. Clay, of [entucky, which has won for him the distinguished title of "Champion ol i«' American system." This is the more remarkable, as he is from a section of country not likely to engage extensively in manufactures, and not generally allowed' much credit as being particularly favourable to the lastern interests. If this truly great man is for his patriotism immolated