To JAMES CARTER, of Trump-street, London, manufacturer, for improvements in the manufacture of certain articles of dress or apparel.-[Sealed 24th November, 1852.]

THE patentee describes his invention in the following words: -"My invention consists of forming certain articles of dress or apparel denominated neck-ties, or scarves, fichus, or otherwise similarly defined. I call the principal article, manufactured by me under the aforesaid letters patent, a tubular scarf'; and such scarf, tie, or otherwise, may be made of satin, tabby, barathea, or other suitable material, and may be of any one color, or of several colors, as may be found desirable, or as fashion may require. I use the loom ordinarily used with battens, on the principle of the driver. Each scarf or tie will require a separate space and shuttle, and is made with two rolls and two openings,-the shuttle passing alternately through the top and bottom opening or canes; thus joining the top and bottom cloths at each edge, so as to produce a circular or tubular cloth of any width, from one inch to forty or upwards; and such cloth is made with thirty-two shafts and sixteen lamms, which are entered to suit the top and bottom opening, and can be made with one or more rolls to each scarf, so as to suit the different ties of the upper and lower cloth, whether such cloth be of satin, Brussels, barathea, or tabby, or satin on one side and tabby on the other, or Brussels on the one side and satin on the other. I consider the foregoing description sufficient to enable all practical silk weavers to make the objects of my invention, whether such objects be scarves, ties, fichus, or other similar tubular-made articles of dress or apparel."

TO WILLIAM WILKINSON, of Nottingham, framework knitter, for improvements in the manufacture of ropes, bands, straps, and cords.-[Sealed 21st February, 1853.]

THIS invention consists in manufacturing ropes, bands, straps, and cords, in the following manner :- -For circular ropes and cords, the patentee takes a core of gutta-percha or other waterproof material, either solid or hollow, and plaits or braids round it strands of hemp, silk, or metal wire, or strips of leather, or other protecting material, which can be laid on in a plaiting or braiding-machine. For flat bands and straps, he covers a flat solid or hollow band of gutta-percha, or other like material, with plaitings or braidings of hemp, silk, or

metal wire, or strips of leather, or other protecting material. Where additional strength is required, several cords, made as before described, are combined as a core, and strands of wire, hemp, or other like suitable material, are laid around them by a plaiting-machine. Should it be desired, the threads of hemp, or such like material, forming the strands, may be passed through a waterproofing material; or the ropes, after being manufactured, may be waterproofed, in order to render them impervious to wet or moisture.

The patentee claims the several methods, herein before described, of manufacturing ropes, bands, straps, and cords.

To JEAN BAPTISTE MANIQUET, of Paris, manufacturer, for certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for winding, cleaning, doubling, twisting, and spinning silk, cotton, wool, flax, hemp, and other filamentous materials.-[Sealed 14th April, 1853.]

THE first part of this invention consists in giving direct motion to the reel or swift, which is so arranged as to adjust itself to the size of the skein, as well as to the bobbins; by which means the winding operation is said to be carried on with less breakage than heretofore.

In Plate XIII., fig. 1, shews a side view, and fig. 2, a partial front view of the reel or swift, and the apparatus connected therewith. A, is the reel, mounted on a frame в, and carrying at its periphery the skein c. The reel is composed of several arms a; on the inner ends of which are formed teeth, into which a pinion works, so as to enlarge or diminish the size of the reel, to adapt it to the size of the skein. The axis D, of the reel has, at its extremity, a small pinion E, which works into the pinion F, on the axis G; upon which axis is also the pulley н, from which a band 1, passes to the pulley J, on the main axis d. It will be seen that, by giving motion to the reel in this manner, the power is given of stopping the reel, by raising the teeth of the pinion E, out of those of the pinion F, without interfering with the rest of the machinery. The main axis d, also carries another pulley e, which, by means of a band f, passing over the pulleys g, g, gives motion to the pulley h, of the bobbin K. There is also on the axis d, a pinion m, working into a toothed wheel n, on the axis k1. This axis k1, carries a cam j1, which acts on the lever j, turning on the centre 7; and this lever j, acts on the guide-bar i, so as to distribute the fibre evenly on the bobbin K.

The second part of this invention consists of an arrangement for causing the lower end of spindles employed in twisting or spinning fibres, to turn in vessels or cups containing oil. A spindle arranged in this manner is shewn in section, at fig. 3. At the bottom of the cup K, containing the oil, is a screw q, the upper end of which forms a pivot, on which the spindle o, turns: the lower end of the spindle o, is formed into a tube 7, which is pierced with holes f, f1, through which the oil passes. On the screw centre q, is attached a spiral rib R, which, when the spindle revolves, causes the oil to circulate, and insures a sufficient supply to the rubbing surfaces. The pulley or wheel h, is so formed as to cover the oil-cup, and exclude dust and broken fibre therefrom. Fig. 4, shews a modification of fig. 3, where, in place of having a tube on the end of the spindle, the spindle is pierced at its lower extremity, so as to lead the oil to the centre; and a spiral groove, or a projection, is formed on the spindle, to supply the oil to the rubbing surfaces.

The third part of this invention consists in placing on the spindles, employed for twisting and doubling fibres, revolving nipping surfaces, which, by holding the fibre between them, regulate the length of fibre drawn from the twisting spindles, and also the speed of winding on to the bobbin after doubling. Fig. 5, shews, in partial front elevation, a machine for twisting and doubling silk and other fibres. Fig. 6, shews, on a larger scale, a doubling spindle F, fed by two twisting spindles G (see fig. 5). These three spindles have each the same mechanism, except that the spindles G, G, turn from the right to the left, to twist the fibre, whilst the spindle F, turns from the left to the right, to double the fibres together. It will be understood that the number of twisting spindles to each doubling spindle will vary according to the class of cord to be produced. x, is a spindle, on the lower end of which is a worm t, into which works the tooth-wheel z, on the axis y, to which motion is given by a band on the driving pulley. On the axis y, is a toothed wheel, which, by means of an intermediate wheel, gives motion to another wheel on the axis b1. The toothed wheel on the axis b1, works into a worm t1, on the hollow axis, a1. On the upper end of the spindle x, the bobbin r, is placed, and is there retained by the spring s, (see plan view, fig. 7). Keyed to the spindle x, is a boss H, on the under surface of which are a series of pins u, which enter holes in a similar boss 1, which works loosely on the axis x. On the hollow axis a1, is a cross piece x2, which carries the standard z2, in which is centered the lever v1, which carries

the small roller v, which roller v, is pressed against the under side of the boss I, by the spring y2; and thus the nipping of the thread between the surfaces H, I, is effected. The working of this arrangement will be more clearly understood by following the thread as it comes to the spindle. After leaving the spindles G, the fibres pass over the pulleys d1; then over the small pulleys c2, c2, on the frame c1; then between the nipping surfaces H, 1, to the bobbin r. It will be seen, that whatever be the surface speed of the bobbin r, it can only wind on as much as is given by the nipping surfaces, which will depend on the relative speeds of x, and 1. There is a catch v2, on the frame 2, so arranged as to remove (when necessary to repair a breakage in the thread) the roller v, from the boss 1, and thus allows it to fall out of contact with the boss H.

The patentee claims, Firstly,-The peculiar arrangement of apparatus described under the first head of the invention, and the giving motion to the reel or swift, as well as to the bobbins. Secondly,-The arrangement of apparatus described for causing the lower end of spindles employed in winding, doubling, twisting, or spinning fibres, to turn in vessels or cups containing oil. Thirdly,-The placing on the spindles employed for twisting and doubling fibres, revolving nipping surfaces, as above described.

To WILLIAM WHITAKER COLLINS, of Buckingham-street, Adelphi, civil engineer, for certain improvements in looms for weaving,-being a communication.-[Sealed 21st March, 1853.]

THIS invention consists in the application of certain improvements to that description of looms known as circular looms; by which various kinds of manufactured articles are produced, having the warps and wefts laid alternately, or interwoven with each other.

The loom consists of three principal subdivisions,—the upper portion being the spooling-frame, or support for the warp-bobbins; the next or middle being the part whence the manufactured product is delivered; and the lower part, the plates upon which the weaving machinery is fixed.

The warps are brought down and pass between guides or levers, which are alternately elevated and depressed; the wefts, which, in the present case, are two in number, are made to revolve in a horizontal circular plane, by which (in conjunc

tion with the alternate motion of the warps) the weaving is accomplished.

In Plate XIII., fig. 1, represents a section, and fig. 2, a plan of the lower part of the loom. E, and F, are plates, connected with each other by three feet, having a free space between them to allow for the wheels G, and н, with their necessary supports; and D, is a plate fixed to the plate E, by means of the bolts a, and columns b. The wheel &, which receives motion by any ordinary means, gears with the pinion H, which is fixed on the vertical or main shaft 1. To the main shaft 1, the wheel J, is fixed, which has an excentric groove c, on its upper surface. The plate D, is furnished with projections on its upper and under surface (see fig. 1,); those on the upper surface consist of ten pairs, marked K, and K1, placed equidistant from the central axis of the loom, and in the spaces between each pair of projections the warpguides d, and d1, move. The projections K, K1, are so arranged as to form, on the top surface, portions of a circular groove, in which the weft-frames move. The portion of the frame which fits in this groove is made of sufficient length to enter one groove before leaving the other, and is indicated by the dotted lines on fig. 2. It is furnished with a segment rack, which is acted upon, at all times, by two pinions e,-one taking into the rack before the other leaves it. There are ten of these pinions e, fixed on the upper parts of the spindles f, and motion is given to them by a wheel J, working into pinions fixed to the lower end of the spindles f. On the under side of the plate D, there are projections g, to serve as supports or bearings for the spindles h, on which the lever L, is fixed. It will be seen, by reference to the drawing, that by the revolution of the excentric groove c, the levers L, (of which there are ten) vibrate and communicate-by means of the connecting-rods м, and N,-a rising and falling motion to the levers. or warp-guides d, d', which have fulcrums a1, between projections on the top of the plate D.

The following is the mode of operation of the loom :-The warps descend from the spools or bobbins to the centre of the machine, and pass over a guide of the size adapted to the description of material to be woven. The weft bobbins are, in this case, two in number; and the wefts passing from them also tend towards the centre. It may be here remarked, that two weft bobbins are absolutely necessary; and, for manufacturing some description of material, more than two are requisite. Now it will be seen that, by the alternate rising and falling of the warp-guides, the weft is, by means of its rota3 A

VOL. XLIII.