New Patents

SEALED IN ENGLAND,

September, 1836.

To Robert Griffiths, of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, machine-maker, and John Gold, of the same place, glass-cutter, for their invention of certain improvements in machinery for grinding, smoothing, and polishing plate glass, window glass, marble, slate, and stone, and also glass vessels, and glass spangles and drops.-Sealed 1st September-6 months for inrolment.

To John Pickersgill, of Coleman-street, in the city of London, merchant, for improvements in preparing and in applying India rubber caoutchouc to fabrics, being a communication from a foreigner residing abroad.Sealed 1st September-6 months for inrolment.

To James Surrey, of York House, in the parish of Battersea, in the county of Surrey, miller, for his invention of a new application of a principle by which mechanical power may be obtained or applied.-Sealed 1st September-4 months for inrolment.

To William Bush, of Wormwood-street, Bishopsgate Within, in the city of London, surveyor and engineer, for his invention of improvements in the means of, and in the apparatus for building and working under water, part of which improvements are applicable for other purposes. - Sealed 3rd September6 months for inrolment.

To Charles Farina, of No. 7, Clarendon-place, Maida Vale, in the county of Middlesex, gentleman, for his invention of an improved mashing apparatus.Sealed 15th September-6 months for inrolment.

To William Hinckes Cox, of Bidminster, near Bristol, tanner, for his invention of an improvement or improvements in tanning hides and skins.- Sealed 15th September-6 months for inrolment.

To John Frederick William Hempel, of Oranienburg, in the kingdom of Prussia, but now of Clapham, in the county of Surrey, officer of Engineers, and Henry Blundell, of Hull, in the county of York, paint and colour

To JAMES BULLOUGH, of Blackburn, in the county of Lancaster, mechanic, for his invention of certain improvements in hand looms and power looms.-[Sealed 1st October, 1835.]

THESE improvements in hand looms and power looms consist, firstly, in an improved machine, or a new arrangement of mechanism for weaving, in which two pieces of cloth or other fabric can be woven at the same time, either entirely by manual labour or partly by hand, assisted by a rotary shaft driven by steam or other power. In this novel arrangement of machinery, two slays, and also two sets of healds work simultaneously, the warps being given off from two separate rollers or beams, and the work taken up upon two separate rollers or beams, also simultaneously, by a peculiar mechanism which is capable of adjustment for the purpose of enabling the looms to weave cloths of any

VOL. IX.

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substance or thickness desired, and with an improved contrivance by means of tension rollers of conducting the warps. With this machinery is also combined a selfacting apparatus for stopping the operations of the looms in the event of one of the weft threads breaking, and also a mechanism for stopping the loom whenever one of the shuttles fails to reach its destined place in the shuttle box.

Secondly, in certain appendages to a loom intended to e worked solely by steam or other rotary power, which appendages nearly resemble in principle the mechanism employed in the former machine for giving out the warp and taking up the work, that is, winding on the cloth; but which power loom is adapted to weave one piece of cloth only at a time with a mode of varying those operations occasionally as the work goes on, in order to produce a piece of cloth differing in substance in its parts, that is, with thick and thin portions or stripes formed transversely.

In this loom is adapted a modification of the before-mentioned mechanism for stopping the operation of the loom when the weft thread breaks; and also another and different contrivance for effecting the same object under similar circumstances. With these are combined a self-acting apparatus for letting the small portions of cloth run back from the cloth beam which may have been taken up after the weft thread broke; and also a mode of preventing concussion when the machinery stops from the circumstance of the shuttle not having reached its place of destination in the shuttle box.

These improvements are fully set out and exhibited in the accompanying drawings (see Plate IV.), in which, fig. 1, represents the first-mentioned construction of loom in side elevation; fig. 2, is a front view of the same; and fig. 3, a vertical section taken longitudinally through about the middle of the loom: A, a, are the two warp beams; B, b,

the two cloth or work beams; c, c, are the two slays connected together by rods D; E, e, are the two sets of healds. The front set of healds E, are suspended by cords ff, passed over pulleys or rollers g, at top, and are connected at bottom to the tread!es h, h. On the axle or shaft of the roller g, a toothed wheel is fixed, acting in the teeth of a sliding rack bar i; at the reverse end of which bar there is a similar rack, taking into a corresponding wheel fixed on the axle of the back roller j, over which the cords of the other or back set of healds e, are suspended; these back healds e, being kept in tension by their cords passing under the rollers k, mounted in the lower part of the framework. In place of the toothed wheels on the axles of the rollers g, and j, and the sliding rack i, rollers and straps might be employed for the same purpose.

A shaft F, is mounted upon the side rails of the frame, and extends transversely through the machine, its ends carrying cranks G, G, which are connected to the lateral rods or links H, H; and the reverse ends of these rods or links H, are attached by joints to the front part of the slay bottom On the crank shaft F, a wheel 1, is fixed, which takes. into a wheel K, upon the tappet shaft L. This shaft L, carries the tappets or excentrics 1, 7, which act upon the treadles h, h, for the purpose of working the front set of healds E, up and down.

C.

It will now be perceived, that on the workman applying his hand to the top rail of the front slay c, and giving to that slay the ordinary vibratory movement, the connecting rods D, will cause the back slay c, to perform a similar vibratory movement; at the same time, the crank rods or links H, connected to the front slay c, and to the cranks G, G, swill give to the crank shaft F, a rotary movement; and this shaft, as it revolves, will, through the agency of the toothed wheels 1, and K, before described, cause the shaft L, with the tappets