just taken place. But this was, in fact, a e works which not only answer the the account of the royal marriage uthor says— rsuant to an order in council, an admal clause was inserted in the prayer he royal family, placing the name of Queen before that of the Princess ger of Wales; and this was attended Le following Sunday, when their Mas went to the Chapel Royal, which was nmonly crowded. The sermon preache King's Chaplain in waiting, the Rev. Schutz, was a plain practical discourse e words "Provide things honest in the of all men:" and it is here mentioned, se many of the congregation were disinted at not finding any complimentary ons in it to the happy union which had institution was enabled to triumph over the prejudices which had been raised against it in the public mind, as one rather calculated to encourage vice than to reclaim the unwary. That sentiment of considerate benignity also produced at this time an official notification, which was sent to all the regiments of foot guards, and troops of horse, acquainting those soldiers who were lawfully married, that their wives should be admitted into the Lying-in Hospital, and that their children should be provided for. Such at this early period of her life were the attention she paid to her children, whose the favourite objects of the Queen, next to opening minds she cultivated with the most sedulous care: not leaving them, as some would have done, to the management of attendants, but indulging herself with their innocent prattle, sharing in their little amusements, and leading them cheerfully into the first paths of knowledge. This maternal solicitude was not an exof its regard, but an affectionate concern cess of fondness, which spoils the objects for the growing improvement and future welfare of the important charge with which Her Majesty was never more delighted Her Majesty considered herself intrusted. than when she had an opportunity of ad- Little incidents frequently elucidate matters vancing the interests of the kingdom, by of moment: and how properly the parental encouraging, to the utmost of her ability, duties were discharged at this period might works of native art and industry. Of this easily have been inferred from the manner an instance occarred when the trustees for in which the Prince of Wales received the improving the manufactures of Scotland Stewards of the Society of Ancient Britons linen of exquisite workmanship, to be pre-ties, which form the chief ornament and charm transmitted to Colonel Graeme a piece of on the anniversary of their tutelary Saint. sented to the Queen, who, for obvious of private life, are not less graceful, but far more reasons, received it at the levee, that it extensively beneficial, when reflected from the might attract general observation: after throne in the example of the Sovereign. which, the Colonel was directed to write a letter to the trustees, expressing her Majesty's wishes for the success of their endeavours to promote the welfare of the country. From the same pure principle of benevolence, Her Majesty became the patroness of the MagdalenCharity;* by which means that "This strict propriety of conduct, however, was not the result of a cold, phlegmatic disposition; of a mind, which could not be moved by the milder sentiments of Christian charity and forgiveness; for amongst the many charitable Majesty's patronage, we may select one truly establishments that were distinguished by Her blessed Institution,+ (for the merits of which I can from conviction vouch) in which she will be long remembered as the friend of those that mourn, and the protectress of repentant sorrow. For whilst as the Sovereign of a virtuous people, she consulted the dignity of her station, and the Nation's honour, by a marked and undeviating rejection of exalted wanderers from the path of female rectitude; yet was her influence and her patronage liberally bestowed upon the sincere A sermon was preached at St. James's and humble Penitent, who looks not for a return Church Westminster, on Wednesday, 2d Dec., to the splendid scenes of worldly grandeur and the day of Her Majesty's funeral, by the Rev. celebrity; but for the restoration of a peaceful lished, we are enabled to extract a passage bearEDWARD REPTON, from which, having been pub-mind, and pardon from her God. For there, awakened by a remembrance of her past offences ing on this point, and very happily introduced -her past privations-her past wretchedness by the preacher to do honour to the departed and sufferings; and sensible of her present comSovereign. forts, her present confidence, and her future hopes, she is taught the sacred and consolatory lesson, that the road of repentance and of mercy is the same. These contrite mourners found a Protectress in her, who was more especially the friend of undeviating virtue." "In this, perhaps, we may trace the distinguishing feature in Her late Majesty's character; that in the encouragement which she uniformly gave to the cause of morality amongst her subjects, she marked the broad line which separates right from wrong, and stood forward, during a period of more than half a century, as the guardian of the decencies and proprieties of domestic life, and the supporter of all that is excellent in female conduct and manners:-thus evincing in her own observance of them,-that those quali We do injustice to this sensible Discourse in confining our notice of it to this illustration; but one extract, even at the bottom of a page, will shew that it is deserving of attention beyond the parish which called for its publication.—ED, + The Magdalen Hospital, After a short complimentary address, in which the gentlemen of the principality expressed their loyalty, and explained the objects of the charity, they concluded with saying; "Your royal Parents remember no period of their lives too early for doing good; and when a few years shall call forth your virtues into action, your Royal Highness may perhaps with satisfaction reflect upon your faithful Ancient Britons thus laying themselves at your feet." 66 To this address the Prince listened with the utmost attention, nor ever once while it was delivered did his eye wander with infantine levity from the persons before him; to whom he replied, with the greatest distinctness and propriety, Gentlemen, I thank you for this mark of duty to the King, and wish prosperity to this charity." The following imposture, which occurred in 1771, may be a novelty to those not intimate with the little incidents of nearly half a century ago. An extraordinary circumstance occurred in this year, which, while it manifested the goodness of the Queen, proved that mercy may sometimes be injurious to the public. A woman, named Sarah Wilson, who attended the Honourable Miss Vernon, one of the maids of honour, having found her way into one of the royal apartments, broke open a cabinet, which she rifled of several valuable jewels, and carried them off, with several other articles. The robbery was soon discovered; and the thief being detected, was committed for trial, convicted, and sentenced to death. Through the gracious interposition of the Queen, however, the culprit received a pardon, on condition of being transported for life, and accordingly she was sent to Maryland, where she was purchased by Mr. Devall, of Bush Creek, in Frederic County. But shortly after her arrival in America, she contrived the means of escape, and making her way to Charles Town, South Carolina, she there assumed the title of Princess Susannah-Carolina-Matilda, giving herself out as the sister of the Queen. The clothes which she had carried with her favoured the deception, and the more so, as she still possessed some of the stolen articles, among which was a miniature of Her Majesty. She pretended that her reason for seeking an asylum on the Transatlantic shore, was to avoid a marriage into which she was about being forced by her august relations. Strange as this tale was, many respectable persons believed it; and as the impostor had seen enough of a court to ape its forms, she succeeded admirably, being received with profound respect in many families of the first consequence. She even went so far as to admit persons to the honour of kissing her hand, and made large promises of preferment to those who had faith in her pretensions. Some of the gentry in the province, indeed, suspected the trick, and endeavoured to undeceive their neighbours, but with little effect; and she continued to levy pretty large contributions upon the credu- | A Series of Portraits of the Emperors of ing. Turkey, from the Foundation of the The education of the royal offspring was conducted on the principle of utility, as well as elegance, of which the following instance is related by Mr. Arthur Young, as This splendid work, more resembling having occurred when the Prince of Wales those productions of a neighbouring nawas scarcely more than twelve years of age. tion, which owe their origin and comA spot of ground in the garden at Kew was dug by His Royal Highness the Prince pletion to the public treasury, than those, of Wales, and his brother, the Duke of great and expensive as many of them York, who sowed it with wheat, attended are, with which private enterprise has reaped, and harvested it, solely by them- land, is with perfect propriety dedicated the growth of their little crop, weeded, adorned the literature and arts of Engselves. They thrashed out the corn, and to the Prince Regent. As the size and separated it from the chaff and at this price of such a volume, though by no period of their labour were brought to reflect, from their own experience, on the cessarily limit its circulation to the higher means unwieldy or extravagant, must nevarious labours and attention of the hus-ranks and richer classes of collectors and only raised their own crop, but they also amateurs, a portion of our readers may ground it, and having parted the bran from perhaps be pleased with that idea of a the meal, attended to the whole process of work comparatively little known, though making into bread, which it may well be published three years, which it is in our imagined was eaten with no slight relish. power to present. The King and Queen partook of the philosophical repast; and beheld with pleasure the very amusements of their children rendered the source of useful knowledge. : bandman and farmer. The Princes not - On one occasion, at breakfast, whilst the King was reading a newspaper, one of the younger branches of the family, looking up think what a prison is." Upon its being in the Queen's face, said, "Mamma, I can't explained, and understanding that the prichild replied, "That is cruel, for the prison soners were often half-starved for want, the is bad enough without starving; but I will give all my allowance to buy bread for the poor prisoners." Due praise was given for this benevolent intention, which was directed to be put in force, together with an addition from their Majesties; and thus many a heart was relieved that knew not its benefactors. We could swell our Review with many other characteristic sketches from these Memoirs, which descend to the year 1779; but even the few specimens we have extracted, and the general observations with which we set out, will be sufficient to shew that the work is worthy of its subject, and the occasion which has called for it, and far superior to those barren compilations which so often attempt to fill the niche of eminent biography. We trust the second part will not be delayed, and then the nation will have an entire and excellent history of its late Queen, and of the domestic and public events of one of the most memorable reigns in the annals of mankind. We are informed in the preface, that notwithstanding the frequent revolutions in the Turkish government, and the wellknown interdictions of the Mahometan Law, portraits of the Ottoman family in succession were painted atConstantinople, and preserved in the Imperial Treasury, eye, till the latter part of the reign of the where they were * inaccessible to every late Emperor Selim III. Selim, more enfriend to the fine arts, and under his dilightened than his predecessors, was a rections in 1806, the Turkish government consigned to its Ambassador in London a box of cabinet pictures, with instructions to have a series of prints engraved from them. Mr. Green, the Treasurer of the Levant Company, consequently applied to Mr. Young, and after some negociation it was determined that the portrait of Othman, the founder of the imperial family of Turkey, should be engraved as a specimen. The impression of this print gave entire satisfaction at Constantinople, and Prince Callimachi concluded the arrangements for the whole series, enjoining at the same time the utmost secresy, and pledging the artist not only to take off a very limited number of impressions, but to deliver up the plates without retaining any copies. rying on with spirit when the deposition The undertaking was carand death of Selim, and the murder or * Mr. Young contradicts the assertion of the Editor of Prince Cantemir's History, that copies had been taken of these portraits. dispersion of his chief officers in 1807, put a stop to its progress. A few years after, however, Mr. Young, with laudable zeal, resolved to complete the engravings in which he had advanced so far, rather than lose his whole labours on an unfinished work. He had thus produced portraits of the twenty-eight Emperors of the Turks, from Othman to Selim, inclusive, when an event, hereafter mentioned, took place, by which two more were added to the number. Many of the originals, he observes, had suffered through time and neglect, and had in other respects little to recommend them, beyond reputed fidelity of resemblance; but, as the best artists were, of course, selected for the onour of painting their sovereigns, the execution of the portraits improves as they approach to modern times. The cabinet pictures were done by a Greek peasant, of great natural talent, at Constantinople, under the immediate eye and patronage of Selim, and in merit far exceed what could have been expected from the state of the arts in Turkey. Beneath each portrait the ingenuity of the Greek has added a vignette, or emblematical representation, which generally exhibits some remarkable occurrence in the life of that particular Sovereign. In some are mosques, leges, or public schools founded by imperial munificence; in others, victories achieved by the Othman arms. These (says Mr. Young) are equally remarkable for variety of subjects, correctness of drawing, the tone of colour, and simplicty of design. col The biographical notices, in French and English, are ably written, and well calculated to illustrate the characters of the Turkish monarchs; and the brief Selim II. - 1604 - 1617 - 1617 1623 1617 1622 1640 1649 1695 1730 1730 1754 * Othman II. In treating this volume as a produc- number of considerations connected with the original models, the execution of their cabinet copies, and other points, respecting which we are not sufficiently proved by private information derived But on the face of his publication we memoirs of the five last Sultans are im-informed to do justice to the Artist. from eye-witnesses of high and unquestionable authority. Though we need not may safely say, that it is as novel and curious as it is magnificent. We have the origin of the Turks, it may at least costume by which the persons of the be an useful, as it is a short record, to Sultans are distinguished, a circumstance enumerate the Portraits which compose which in itself renders the work highly this superb volume, and consequently the valuable and attractive. Nor is the line of imperial succession of the Otto-mode in which these coloured prints are man dynasty. which tends materially to injure the plates. The colours are, as we have observed, very splendid, and evidenly conform to those in the original picture. Upon the whole, we think this serie very honourable to the individual whose enterprise carried it through, and unique in the class of art to which it belongs in this country. Two of the anecdotes in the literary part may conclude our notice. Othman the Third was much harrassed by the Ulema, or Synod of Muftis, and it was doubted whether the Emperor had a right to punish any of that sacred body. There was a tradition, however, that a Mufti had once, for some crime, been pounded to death, and two large mortars, now fallen into utter decay, were shewn as the instruments of his catastrophe. Othman gave orders to have the mortars repaired, and the effect upon the holy college was so excellent, that they troubled him no more. The unnatural barbarity of murdering all their brethren and near relatives has been gradually ameliorating during the last seventy years in the Othman family. When the last Selim, on being deposed, as usual saluted Mustapha his successor, and prepared to drink a cup of poisoned sherbet, the latter dashed it from his hand, and assured him of safety, though he afterwards, under the pressure of another revolution, consented to his assassination. STUPENDOUS ROMAN WORKS. [From Bavaria, November 1818.] Mr. J. Andreas Buchner, Professor of History in the Royal Museum at Ratisbon, has made, this year, an excursion into the district of Nordgau, in order to investigate the remains of the Roman frontier line in Rhætia, beyond the Danube, known under the name of the Pile-Wall, (Pfahlmauer) or Devil'sdetain our readers with any account of been highly pleased with the variety of road which he conceived must lie along Wall, and to discover a Roman military this line. He found his conjectures not only confirmed but exceeded; and, instead of a single line, two fortified lines, one behind the other. They formed a great advanced work beyond the river, which the Romans had chosen as the boundary of their empire, and which they did not think broad and deep enough from its source to Ratisbon, to answer this purpose, and therefore provided it with this two-fold fortification. The first, called by the common people the Devil's-Wall, begins a short German mile above Kelheim, near the left bank of the Danube, not far from the desert Hader (query Hadrian's?) Flek. executed, less interesting: they have all * During his reign, Mustapha was confined in a tower, The traveller proceeded on the ridge station Ad Lunam, was a Castrum on of it, which is throughout visible, and the Albe; and Clarena, the present town sometimes three or four feet above the of Ehingen, the Dracuina of Ptolemy. level of the ground, twelve German (60 Here the road again joins the Danube; English) miles, always in a straight and it is more than probable that the line, through or very near the villages of eleven stations, as they are called, Laimerstatt, Altmanstein, Sanderstorf, marked in the Tab. Peut. between AbaZandt, Kupfenberg, Pfahldorf, Aerkers- sina and Clarena, were Castra. The dishofen, Raitenbuch, Ottmansfeld, Gun-tances marked in the Tabula exactly dersbach, Dorfsbron, Pflofeld, Gundels- agree with the ruins of each station dishalm, Gunzenhausen, and Loellenfeld. covered on the spot, with the Tumuli, RoIn the last village, two leagues NW. of man Coins, and other incontestibly Roman Gunzenhausen, he found that the wall Antiquities, discovered in the environs. makes an angle, and bends south-west In the middle, between the fortified line again towards the Danube, past Denne- and the Danube, M. Buchner found the lohe, the village of Ehingen, and the remains of five Colonies, (i. e. lands Heselberg, to Moencksroth, a league assigned to the soldiers on the frontiers, south of Dinkelsbühl, where it enters to cultivate, in lieu of pay,) and with the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, and takes several roads forming communications its direction towards Pfalheim. Almost every half-league, particularly in the woods, he met with ruins of round towers, built upon the wall, sometimes of considerable height and circumference, and, up the country, an uncommon number of Tumuli. The second line begins two Roman miles (about a league) above the first, again quite near to the bank of the river, opposite the village of Enning, about a German mile from Abensberg The remains of a Roman Castrum shew the situation of the Roman station Celeusum, (Kelhusum,) a castle destined to cover the bridge of the Danube, placed in the Tabula Peutingeriana three Roman miles from Abensberg. road, which is always visible, and as straight as a line, goes then by Oet The between them. The lover of history will read with interest the description of this "Journey on the Devil's-Wall," which has just been published by Montag and Weiss, at Ratisbon. An Appendix contains an Essay on the Canal of Charlemagne, fossa Carolina,) and on the Union of the Rhine and Danube, to be effected by its completion; also two engravings on stone, one representing the Roman line of defence, the other the fossa Carolina. All these are fragments of a great work on the History of Bavaria, on which the Author has been employed for many years. WHITE SLAVERY. THE GERMANS IN THE UNITED STATES. From Mr. Fearon's work and others the schools were; what was the state of society; how property was acquired; the value of land; in what provinces, and in what climates it was most advantageous for the emigrants to settle, &c. The whole instructions bear the stamp of the careful philanthropist and of the prudent statesman. The confidence of Baron von Gagern was reposed in the right person, and the reports of his intelligent nephew, the last of which is dated the 6th of March 1818, display every where the attentive and sensible observer. We extract some of the most interesting passages. On the 3d of July 1817, Baron von Fürstenwärther writes from Amsterdam, "I found the misery of an immense majority of the emigrants greater than I had pictured to myself, and the situation of all more helpless than I could have imagined. If the governments do not feel the obligation, yet humanity and the honour of the German and serious measures to remedy the prename call upon us to take the most speedy vailing evil; and, if it is thought fit to allow further emigrations, to employ means for better arrangements in future. Already on my journey hither I met every where whole caravans of returning families, who, deprived of every thing, begged their way home. Those who could either not pay all, or only part of their passage money, are a prey to the rapacity and the unpunished cruelty of the ship-brokers, who carry on the most shameful traffic with them. "The Swiss are much better off. Their government concerns itself more about them. They do not lose their rights of citizens like the Würtemburgers, who are obliged formally to renounce them in their passports. They receive a certificate of the place of their birth, and if they are disappointed in their hopes and return home, are kindly welcomed; nay, every one in ling and Teising, to Koesching, the we took considerable pains in several this case receives two Louisd'ors for his Germanicum (Rermanicum) of the Ta-preceding Numbers to lay open a fair journey from the Consul, who also pays bula, a fortified castle, built by Anto- view of the important question of EMI-three florins a week for every one that is ninus Pius; from Koesching, by Heperg, GRATION TO AMERICA. The following enjoy similar advantages. I was this mornand Bemfeld, to Phinz,-ad pontes, de- statement from a German writer, em-ing on board of a former Russian ship of fended by the mountain fort Vetonianis.ployed on a Mission almost similar to the line, which had been bought by a DutchFrom Pfinz, the road runs mostly through that of the author we have named, will man, and is going to Philadelphia with woods, to the neighbourhood of Weis- serve further to elucidate that subject, Germans on board, on account of Rudolphi. senburg. Here the traveller met with and is besides interesting and curious, as There are already from 4 to 500 persons on ruins of several forts, built by Marcus it sketches the dreadful sufferings of the Aurelius, against the Burians, (who lived Redemptioners, and gives many particuin these parts,) and hence called Buri- lars respecting the German portion of American population. Baron Von Gagern has published, under this title, a remarkable as well as useful book. The sight of so many emigrations last year, and the sufferings of which he was himself an eye-witness, induced him to send his nephew, Baron Moritz Von Fürsten sick. Those from Lorraine and Alsace board, among whom are many women and till it has its full freight, at which delay the people were very much dissatisfied. Contrary to my expectation, they had no other complaints to make, though I had heard a very bad account of this vessel at Amsterdam. On board another vessel, The New Seaplough, Captain Mempelmann, where there are about 400 Würtemburgers, I had a worse account, and, they themselves assured children, and the vessel is not to set sail ciani. A short distance from Weissenburg, in the neighbourhood of Ellingen, it joins the Pile-Wall, and runs a considerable distance by the side of it. On the Weil lie the ruins of fort Iciniaco, and in Gunzenhausen those of Medianis, the centre point of the whole fortified line. A castle buried in the ground near Tam-wärther, with the most judicious instruc-me, are very ill treated; their food is of the bach, and Roman Coins, and other An- tions, to America, to examine on the spot how the captains had treated the emigrants, tiquities found there, point out the sta-how they were disposed of at their landing, tion Lasodica; the castles Septimiani and into what terms of service they were obliged Opie, defended the passage over the to enter; if the Germans were liked there; Sulz and Wernitz; Aquilia, near Was- if they retained their customs, language, seralfingen, that over the Köcher. The and way of thinking; in what condition worst quality, and they do not receive their allowance; besides, they complained of insolent behaviour from the crew. In the five weeks that they had been on board, 28 people had died, among whom were 25 children at the breast!" On the 28th of October 1817 he writes from Philadelphia: "The treatment of the people as soon as they come on board, is too often, nay, I may say generally, unjust, cruel, and inhuman. They are ill fed, and lie too close together, no attention being paid to enforce the laws which prescribe a certain proportion of room. A great number of them die on the voyage, and the rest arrive here in the greatest misery, and for the most part in an ili state of health. Not a year ago there arrived a Prussian ship with passengers, the captain of which had abused them in the most shameful manner, and particularly the women, which excited the greatest indignation here in the city. cruelly maltreated them on the road, and family names which have a certain signifithen sold them as slaves to the highest bid- cation, such as Klein, Schneider, &c. der. The German Emigrant is here pre- (Little, Taylor, &c.) are translated directly ferred to the Irish and the French. With into English. The dialect in the country, the latter, in particular, the American can- as far as I have observed, is more Palatine not agree. He is personally disliked, than Swabian.-There prevails, generally, though the people formerly sympathised as well as among the Germans, an intire with the fate and the principles of the whole tolerance and freedom of opinion. Every nation, and the individual German preferred, one may believe what he will, go over to though a great contempt is manifested another church,-have children baptized in for the German nation and name. The which he pleases. All sects are allowed Americans, albeit themselves too new to and respected. People dispute, but they deserve the name of a nation, yet possess do not hate or persecute each other on acmore national pride than any people in the count of difference of faith; and yet each Old World, and look down with contempt is warmly attached to his own. All the upon those from whom they received the Christian sects have some Germans among "The German Society has only the first germ of their civilization. But there them; but, in general, they strictly adhere means of supporting and defending the are none of whom they have a meaner to the faith of their fathers, and the Luthenew comers who are in distress. It has opinion than of the Germans.-There ap- rans more than the Reformed. All the atdone much service to its German country- pears, especially within these ten years, a tachment of the Germans, to the land of men. But this year the importations were decline of the German language, and a their birth or descent, cools; all rememtoo great, and its means scarcely sufficed. strong tendency to the English. However brances of their native country are extinThe number arrived is said to be 6000, and a general the former may still be in the in-guished. They behave with the greatest great many more are yet expected. On board terior of Pennsylvania, in single communi- indifference to their newly-arrived countryone ship 70 persons died out of 300. I hope ties, and families, it is no more the public men. In Europe, when Germans happen that the Ladies' Society here will at least or the prevailing language. The German to meet out of their country, they rejoice at take care of the women and children. Two Emigrant does not forget his language it, a peculiar feeling binds them together, families were bought by free Negroes, who while he lives. His children learn it too, their country is still near, the bonds which are numerous in Maryland. This incensed but seldom perfectly. In them, the dislike hold them to it are not yet dissolved. But all the Germans in Baltimore so much, that of every thing that is German is generally here it is different. He who has left it to they immediately re-purchased them, and the greatest. They know not the land of live in America, has generally renounced it engaged themselves to prevent, in future, their grandfathers, and are often ashamed for ever; he found himself ill off there, and such degrading circumstances. I have, by of their descent. In the grand-children the has found here what he sought. If the accident, become acquainted with a Ger- language is generally quite lost. It is in Germans hold together in this country, it is man, who has for a long time lived in Ken- the interior, and principally in the country, more from necessity, than from any remnant tucky, and has there established a sugar that the Gerinan is longest preserved. of patriotism. Even in marriages this inclirefinery: He assured me that this summer In the domestic economy, in the mode of nation towards each other is no more seen, speculators had engaged Germans here, and living, in manners and dress, much still unless necessity requires it, on account of sold them in Kentucky to the highest bid-bears the stamp of its German origin. In the small numbers of people living near each ber. According to his account, Dutch or the towns, and especially in the sea-ports, other. Distrust, coldness, and reserve, White Slaves is an usual expression." the change is more rapid. The well-edu- prevail among the Germans in America, In later reports he says, "We may take cated Germans there, even those who were especially among the well-educated in it as a rule, that a tenth part of those who not born there, but who, in a long resi- the great cities. The German in the embark die on the voyage. In the last dence, have found fortune and prosperity, country also, shews himself in a character year it was perhaps the sixth part. I am are the most disinclined to what is German; in which he is not known in the land of his no stranger to the sight of human misery, I and the German Society itself does not de- origin, and for which he is there supposed have seen it under various shapes; but I have serve its name, at least in this respect. A not to be adapted-he shews himself as a not beheld it in any more dreadful form great part of its members even wish to have zealous democrat, and yet as a peaceable than on board the vessels which arrived its debates held in the English language. citizen. But I must add, that this new here at the end of last year, and yet I was Women, when they understand German, feature in his character, connected with not a witness of the passage. I knew the do not like to speak it; and the very chil- ancient imperishable traits of it, does not worst part only from the accounts of others. dren shew a dislike to it. There are, how- make him more amiable. The Hessians Young persons, of both sexes, from 14 to ever, exceptions. Besides the nineteen who served in the English army, during the 20 years of age, were the most sought for. German newspapers, which are published war, and the greater part of whom remained These frequently take upon them the whole in Pennsylvania alone, and re-prints of in America, are said to be, above all, disor part of the passage-money for their books of a popular and mystical nature, tinguished by a violent democratic spirit, parents, and bind themselves in their stead. little or nothing is printed. The better together with rudeness, harshness, and obNo person who is unmarried, and without productions of German literature are un-stinacy.-Every thing in America bears the family, and above 50 years old, ought to known; while all the treasures of the English stamp of newness. With great national leave his country, when he has no better press find easy and general access to the spirit, with all uniformity in the way of life means of establishing himself than this. superior classes. It is therefore no won- and manners, with a certain general levelling For the female sex, if they are unmarried, der if the German language is at so low an tone, pervading all classes, the people have, 30 is almost too old. Age is in general a ebb, and so little esteemed. It is no longer however, no distinctive character, no gegreat obstacle. It is the height of folly spoken or written with purity. It changes nuine national conformation, none of those when women of 80 emigrate, of which, more and more into a dialect, mixed with great and striking features which give a though it seems incredible, there was an English, and will proceed thus with pro- peculiar stamp to the nations of the Old instance last year. It was one of the gressive rapidity, till it is lost in that World. America betrays, in every thing, greatest abuses and most illegal acts, which tongue. Even now, many expressions and its recent and mixed origin. It possesses caused and exercised the greatest misery forms of speech are taken from it; the ter- not that charm which nature, antiquity, and and the disorder last year, that greedy spe- minations of many English words are Ger- history, give to a people. It is a State culators, from remote, chiefly southern man, or vice versa. Nay the Americo- without youth; and whatever may be its states, purchased here whole troops of the Anglo mania goes so far, that here and high destinies in future, under whatever emigrants, took them away with them, there, especially in the towns, German new forms human nature may one day |