kind and benevolent feelings which adorn the sex. In 1786, Mr. Hamilton returned from India, and soon after the three children were reunited at Ingram's Crook. This was a blissful period; and only families who have known what long separation is, and have held fast the love of their infancy, can know what their happiness must have been. Intercourse with this brother, stored with information, rich in eastern literature, accomplished, the chosen of Sir W. Jones to promote oriental literature, developed all the latent and hitherto scarcely apparent treasures of Miss Hamilton's mind, of which her Hindoo Rajah is evidently the fruit. In 1815, Mrs. H. lost many of her oldest | to conclude with a sportive poem to ‘Öld friends, and her own health declining she Age,' by Mrs. H. which we do not rememleft Edinburgh for Harrogate. Finding the ber to have seen before, but it would swell waters of this place of no avail, she pro- this review to too great an extent, and we nounced her malady mortal, and prepared must reluctantly defer our purpose, though for the great event of death as became her many of our friends will in the interim, and christian life :they cannot do better, anticipate us by seeing it in the original. A Poem. "She sunk into a slumber that prefigured death; and, finally, without a struggle, breathed her last on the 23d of July 1816, having newly entered her 60th year. THE ARCTIC EXPEDITIONS. Her remains were interred in the church at By Miss Porden. pp. 30. Harrogate, where a simple monument, with The Polar ices have warmed at least a suitable inscription, has been erected to one Muse, and Miss Porden has very her memory, as a last offering of affection from her devoted sister." feelingly sung a farewell to our bold Argonauts. This little effusion is pleasing, descriptive, and poetical. It opens thus: "When her habitual infirmities are re collected, it will appear extraordinary that Power unknown! Shrined darkling on thine adamantine throne, Who lov'st, like virtue, still to shrink from view And bless a world, yet shun the glory due— the authoress dwells on the circumstances of the Expeditions, and on the state of the Norwegian colony on the Yet, in fifteen years she produced fifteen volumes: a striking example of what eastern shore of Old Greenland, which be achieved by patience, energy, and perse-after centuries of intercourse with its verance. may In 1788 she accompanied her beloved In society, and especially at home, Mrs. brother to London; and as the author of the Hamilton was a charming companion. Of Rohilla history was a decided friend of Mr. anecdote she was inexhaustible; and in narHastings, he had the opportunity of intro-rative dramatized with such effect that she ducing his sister to the brilliant circle of almost personated those whom she described. Sail, sail, adventurous barks! go fearless forth, Storm on his Glacier-seat the misty North, that gentleman's connexion. In the sumThe ardour and benevolence of her nature, Give to mankind the inhospitable zone, mer she returned to Ingram's Crook, and in her cheerfulness and frankness, added a And Britain's trident plant in seas unknown. the autumn Mr. Marshall died. She then zest to her other qualities, and few ap- Go! sure, wherever science fills the mind, rejoined her brother and sister in London. proached her without being touched with Or grief for man long severed from his kind, In 1791, Mr. Hamilton, having published admiration and esteem, as none were inti-That anxious nations watch the changing gales, the Hedaya, was appointed Resident at the mate without being imbued with feelings of And prayers and blessings swell your flagging sails. Vizier's Court;-he saw his sister at In- love and affection. After invoking the "Star of the gram's Crook, of which she was now sole mistress, to bid her farewell, but never left Pole," and the Magnet,— England. The Company paid him every honour, but they only illuminated his path to the grave-he died in the very blossoming of his ambition, at Hampstead, on the 14th of March 1792, at the early age of 39. Miss Hamilton's literary pursuits after this became more visible. In 1796, the Hindoo Rajah was published. Her next work was the Modern Philosopher, pub lished in 1800, and written chiefly at Bath, whither she was driven to settle by the gout, to which she thus early became a martyr. In 1801, the 1st Vol. of the Letters on Education' was produced, and raised the writer still higher than before in the esteem of the most elevated characters. From April 1802 to Sept. 1803 Miss Hamilton and her sister wandered over Wales, Westmoreland, and Scotland, during which excursion Agrippina was prepared. At Edinburgh, where she met with great distinction, Miss Hamilton and Miss Edgeworth were introduced to each other, and their regard soon ripened into a cordial friendship. In 1804, Miss H. finally settled in the Northern Capital, and had a pension conferred on her by the crown, as an acknowledgment that her literary talents had been meritoriously exerted in the cause of virtue and religion. In 1806 she published Letters to the Daughters of a Nobleman' whom she had assisted for six months in forming proper arrangements for their education. The Cottagers of Glenburnie appeared soon after, and in 1812 her last work, of any magnitude, was produced, under the title of Popular Essays on the Elementary Principles of the Human Mind.'† + We have not particularized Exercises in Religious Knowledge,' for the use of young persons in the House of Industry, Edinburgh, nor Hints addressed to the Patrons and Directors of Public Schools, 1815.' As we have dwelt so long on the biogra- which was never carried into execution. The Of Miss Benger's performance we have merely to say, that she has executed her task with great feeling, and considerable literature in a manner worthy of the subtalent. She has filled up a desideratum in ject, and no reader can rise from the perusal of her work without being both amused and improved. We are strongly tempted parent country, has been centuries shut in from the European world. We quote a part of this as a fair example of the The fate of these hapless colonists is apostrophized— poem. Oh! did its sons beneath the withering gale The South, still wont with light and joy to bring sight The friendly fleets, the short yet fruitful Spring, Or have they lived, to prove the Almighty That fortitude can warm that frozen air, Showers blessings e'en on that secluded land, This is at least a touching, if not a philosophical picture. Alluding to the alleged disruption of the ice on that coast, it thus concludes: Sends forth her heroes.-What shall be their joy, * The inhabitants (if any) of Lost Greenland. What theirs the melancholy task to trace It would be too much to extract any more from so short a work (about 200 lines ;) and we therefore consign Miss Porden to the public favour, with a single quotation more of the concluding verses: Lo, throned on ice, like that tremendous shape Great Gama saw, that guards the stormy Cape,t Letter to the Academy at Philadelphia; with a Copy of the Critical Description of Mr. West's Painting, and one of the Critical Description of Stothard's Canterbury Pilgrims. With robes of mist, and eyes of glassy glare, + Camoen's Lusiad. Having on the original opening of the Exhibition in which Mr. West's great effort is displayed, delivered our own opinions upon that work, we are absolved from the task of following Mr. Carey's Description and Review, the former of which is vivid, and the latter zealous and enthusiastic. His publication indeed eminently proves, that, without contemning the ancient masters, whom no man knows better how to estimate, the modern or contemporary school has not one more ardent advocate than himself. To critical judgment, Mr. C. unites a fervour of sentiment and style, which imparts much force to his reasoning; and even where we think that his imagination has carried him beyond the reality of his subject, his language is so powerful, that we are almost borne along by the To Joseph Hopkinson, President, and the | Lionardo da Vinci, I could not be the slave or parasite of either. Like your hardy pine lifting its green head amidst the Apalachian snows, the mind of this Nestor of painting exhibits, in the deep winter of his years, the powers of his prime. In this last work he maintains his distinguished reputation, and proves the wide dominion of the Fine Arts, when employed to inculcate the social duties and sublime that the people of America crowd your pubtruths of Religion. Even now, we learn, lic hospital in Philadelphia, to behold his painting of Christ healing the Sick, and each retires with a lesson of Christian charity, and a prouder sense of his country, from the view. At the same moment, in London, we meet from all parts of persons the empire, and foreigners, the visitors of our capital, assembled in the same apartment, to contemplate Death upon the Pale Horse, the consummation of his labours and his glory. Americans, you point to the tombs of GENTLEMEN.-I have the pleasure of trans"Critical his kindred, and claim the honour of his mitting to you a copy of my Description and Analytical Review of birth and genius for the NEW WORLd. Critical Description and Analytical Re-Death on the Pale Horse," painted from the But, proud of the English blood, which view of Death on the Pale Horse, Revelation by Benjamin West, President of flows in his veins, of his residence for painted by B. West, Esq. P.R.A. &c. &c. the Royal Academy of Painting, Sculpture more than half a century in our island, and and Architecture, in London, and Historical the execution of his celebrated performances By William Carey. Painter to the King. In submitting my lit- here, Englishmen as justly claim him as an tle volume to your notice, I am emboldened enviable honour for the country of his adopby a hope that your candid consideration of tion, in THE OLD. Your professional Brethren of a neighbouring State, in sending its good intention may induce you to overlook its defects, and deem it not unworthy across the Atlantic for his portrait, by the of a place in the library of your Academy. pencil of Lawrence, whose exquisite sense Long esteemed the father of historical of colouring and resemblance, rank him as painting in the British School, the painter, the TITIAN of the age, have acted affecwhose performance I have ventured to tionately and wisely. They justly anticireview, has not obtained his reputation pate a standard of style, exalt their own without a conflict. Homer had a Zoilus, character, and furnish a noble excitement Michael Angelo found enemies in Torri- to emulation. As a work of art, placed on giano and Bandinelli; and from the ap- high in their Academy, its technical excelpearance of West's Death of General Wolfe lence must long continue to give lessons of and Regulus, to this grand composition, instruction, and, as an honour conferred each of his works in succession has roused upon merit, stimulate the generous ardour the attacks of envy and ignorance. But, of the students to the same goal. Conbeside their high moral aim, and the strik- tinue to cherish this esteem for intellectual eminence; for when commerce, wealth, and ing beauties of his performances, his repeat-manufactures, with every other basis of soed annual election by the chief British artists to the high office which he has so long cial prosperity, sink, and the dear-bought dignified as their head; the honours paid to glories of war are lost in oblivion, the him by the most celebrated foreign painters works of genius, after having fanned the and sculptors; the diplomas presented to flame of living virtue for ages, immortalize him by the Academy of St. Luke, at Rome, the memory of nations, in the tomb. Before the mother of all other schools of art, by the reign of the Fine Arts, empires rose Instead of making extracts from his the Institute of France, the Academies of and flourished, disappeared and were forpublication, which is in the hands of Florence, Bologna, Manheim, Berlin, Ant-gotten. Greece and Rome had artists, and every artist and amateur, we are grati-werp, Ghent, America, and by every other will live for ever. fied in being able to insert a letter Academy in the world, have refuted the invidious criticism of his enemies, confirmed which expresses similar sentiments, and the public judgment, and fully established maintains similar opinions, under anhis fame. Thus, although I have given an other and newer form. We lament to independent opinion of his performance, I remark in periodical works which em- can boldly reply to the cold cavils of antibrace the consideration of the arts, that contemporarianism, and the anonymous much rancorous hostility has been ge- publications of malevolent jealousy, that 1 nerated, or rather, having before been am not the creator of a new fame, or the generated, has now been warmed into promulgator of a singular opinion. The meanness, which is wounded by the success action by the production of the veneraof the painter, may asperse my impartiality; ble President, and the comments to but, believe me Gentlemen, although I could which it has given rise. For ourselves be the friend and admirer of a Raphael, or torrent. Happy is he, who either by his public or private virtue, his mental vigour, or excelfence in the arts which humanize the manners and embellish life, has the good fortune to concentrate the esteem and affection of remote nations in his own person. Few indeed enjoy, like the American-Englishman and English-American West, the rare power of forming this inestimable bond of attraction and union. May Europe and America, agreeing in their esteem for this venerable master, at the same moment hasten to forget their points of difference, and agree in all that can promote their mutual good. May each, with generous emulation, vieing in benevolence and philanthropy, imitate whatever is noble and virtuous in the customs and institutions of the other, and avoid their imperfections and evils. Receive from the nations on this side the great deep our mechanical inventions, our improvements in the sciences, our love for the belles lettres and polite arts. But guard against those dangerous refinements of luxury, which subvert domestic happiness, poison public morals, and effect the mere slavery of the body by the corruption of the mind. brances will accompany him to your shores; I accompany this with a copy of the second Gentlemen, Your respectful Servant, Mary-la-bonne-street, Piccadilly, Results of an Investigation respecting Epi- be formed from deductions of other persons, drawn from similar experiments made under circumstances of a similar nature, and because there do not exist any physicians who have made experiments of a similar kind. The merits of what concerns the cure must therefore be left to be appreciated by time and future research. Besides the incidents of a curious and novel nature, with which it abounds, the narrative of Dr. Maclean's researches in the Levant will, we understand, be found to contain views relating to the nature and cure, as well as the cause and prevention, of Your professional brethren in New York plague and other epidemic and pestilential have recently elected several eminent Engdiseases, which are strikingly original. The lish artists honorary members of their Acaatrocity of the system of pest hospitals demy. To be thus chosen by a body of in the Levant, the inhuman policy of which Trumbull is the head, is indeed an the Turkish government, in respect to honour. America may well be proud of plague, and the almost insurmountable the painter whose pencil has immortalized obstacles to investigation, are explained in the Sortie from Gibraltar, and the deaths of a manner peculiarly impressive. To his own Montgomery and Warren. In your counresearches, Dr. Maclean has added some trymen, Allston and Leslie, you will receive account of those of Drs. Whyte and Valli, an important accession. You confided them and Mr. Von Rosenfeldt. We sincerely to England, young and inexperienced. hope his expectations, of the general recepEngland returns them to you distinguished tion and application of his theories, may artists, in the highest department of paintspeedily realized, and the annual measure ing. In this spirit of generous reciprocity, of human calamity be thereby lessened. may benefits ever be the interchange beAt present, it is not possible for us to enter tween the mother country and America. I into a detailed account of the contents of lament what I have lost, in not having met As we observe that the second volume of this, in many respects, uncommon publicawith any picture by Leslie, for the venera- Dr. Maclean's work, which has been for tion. But as, from the manner in which it ble president, West, speaks of him as an some time anxiously expected, is now in is treated, the subject has been rendered historical painter of power, one of his most the press, and will consequently very scarcely less interesting to those classes of eminent pupils. But I have seen by ALL- shortly be published, we think it expe- the community who are not, than to those STON, Jacob's Dream, a vision of sublimity dient, before it appears, to turn to the conwho are, medical, we propose hereafter to and beauty, rich in chiaro-scuro, and forms tents of the first volume, which was pub-lay some extracts from it before our of celestial grace and elegance; a piping lished in August last, professedly in refu- readers. youth, an image of the purest sensibility tation of what the author entitles one of the and naked nature, in the shadowy recess of most stupendous errors that is to be found a grove; and the prophet Elija fed by Ra- in the history of human opinions, and vens, a figure of mystic inspiration, under which he alleges to have, for the last 270 a sky of deep-toned lustre, in a scene of years, occasioned, in various ways, the dewild and thrilling solemnity. I have also struction of several millions of human lives seen by this artist the Archangel Uriel, an annually, in Christian communities only. epic conception, breathing the spirit of Mil- This part of the subject, therefore, is not ton. This fine performance has had the merely medical and scientific. In not simdouble honour of obtaining the prize this ply questioning the efficiency, but displaying year from that public spirited body, the the perniciousness to many of the best inBritish Institution, and of being purchased terests of society, of certain regulations of by their deputy president, the Marquis of public police, which have sprung from that Stafford. That nobleman, whose munifi- error, the inferences of the author involve cent patronage of the Fine Arts, has en- considerations that appear imperiously to deared him to all Europe, and ranked demand the most attentive examination of his name among the Imperial and Royal governments. Although the subject nearly Patrons of ancient and modern times, de- concerns every nation, Dr. Maclean has signs to place the URIEL in his superb col- thought it incumbent on him to submit his lection of paintings, selected from the ideas, in the first instance, to the Governworks of the most celebrated masters of the ment of his native country. His concludifferent schools. But how powerful is the sions, concerning the cause and prevention love of country, how immutable the law of of pestilential diseases, and the expediency nature! At the moment of his triumph, of abolishing quarantines and lazarettos, Allston hastens from his brilliant prospects are said to have been transmitted by the here, to the land of his fathers. His natural Lords of the Privy Council, to the College suavity and polished acquirements, the no- of Physicians, with directions to report ble pride of aspiring to fame, without seek- thereupon. The contents of the second ing to lower his competitors; the study of volume, now about to appear, do not admit the chefs d'œuvre of art in Italy; the mind of a similar reference. The deductions of a poet, the eye of a colourist, and the from the Doctor's experiments at the pest hand of a draughtsman, set a stamp of supe-hospital at Constantinople, cannot be estirior value on this accomplished artist. The mated by any existing tribunal, because regret and esteem of indelible remem-judgment respecting them can only be CLAVIS METRICO-VIRGILIANA, a Metrical Guide to the right intelligence of Virgil's Versification, &c. By John Carey, LL.D. None but those who from indolence or more agreeable studies are prevented from giving to prosody the attention it merits, undervalue, or rather affect to undervalue this important branch of classic literature. Some persons, like Mathews' Frenchman, may be content to think "A cobler there vas and he lif in a stall Vich serve him for kitchen and parlour and every ting." beautiful poetry; but if they rather wish to enjoy the flow of numbers and the grandeur of style which belong to Maro, we can promise them an useful guide in the little work before us. Dr. Carey seems to have paid the most minute attention to his subject, and trusting to our recollection of the author, we will venture to state that few if any metrical licences have escaped his notation. Every cæsura, crasis, diæresis, synapheia, &c. &c. seems to be distinctly noticed, and the work will not only be found of great utility in schools, but also to scholars, who may often beneficially consult this guide to the harmony of Virgil's numbers. ANALYSIS OF THE JOURNAL DES SAVANS (Concluded.) small distance from the roof, as Strabo Art. IV. The Olympian Jupiter. By M. breadth; from them, as well as from the In order to apply the same method of criticism to the restitution of the Olympian Jupiter, our author is obliged to determine the form and the arrangement of the temple in which this celebrated monument was placed: when the dimensions of the temple are better known, those of the statue, both in height and breadth, are confined within limits which cannot be passed. top near. It remains only to place on this throne the statue of Jupiter: and this task is much less difficult. The dimensions of this colossus, its attitude, the details of its dress, Pausanias, contrary to his usual custom, the mixture of materials of which it was is happily very precise in his description of composed, leave but little uncertainty after this edifice both in its dimensions and the description which Pausanias has given, arrangement, it nearly resembled the Par-aided by medals and other monuments. The thenon at Athens: it was of the Doric figure was seated; the head, surrounded by order, and received the light by means of an olive crown, the torso, the arms, the an opening at the top, like the Pantheon of feet, except the sandals, were of ivory; the Agrippa at Rome. drapery, thrown over the lower part of the The Colossus of Olympia, like that at body, was of gold, and strewed with painted Amycle, was composed of two distinct figures and flowers: the feet rested on a parts, the statue and the throne. The golden pedestal, supported by lions of the most difficult part is the restitution of the same metal. The left hand leaned upon a latter. Able critics, as Heyne, Wolkel, sceptre, adorned with all kinds of metals, and, lastly, Mr. Haus, have erred respect- and surmounted by an eagle: the right ing several important parts of this great hand held a Victory, also of ivory and gold, composition. By following, however, the which rested on the extremity of the arm of text of Pausanias step by step, by discuss- the throne, by the vertical prolongation of ing each of the details which it contains, one of the feet, an arrangement ingeniously and by submitting them to the test of de-imagined by M. Quatremere de Quincy: sign, M. Quatremere appears to have suc- he explains in this manner, as he had done ceeded in restoring this curious monument in the Minerva of the Parthenon, how the with a degree of probability which in some figure of Victory could be borne with suffipoints approaches to certainty. We now cient solidity in the hand of the god. Such know that this throne was composed of a was the general arrangement of this great frame of woodwork, consisting of three work. The art of design may produce it, parts: the lower, or that of the feet, united with a certain degree of fidelity, but only in by transverse picces with columns in the respect to the lines;-for how is it possible to interval; that of the middle occupied by conceive, or to give to others an idea, of the the arms and the seat; the upper, or back, purity, of the beauty of the forms, of the surmounted by figures which rose above majesty of the whole? in a word, of every the head of the god, who was seated: this thing that constituted the peculiar merit of frame-work, entirely covered with rich this masterpiece. materials, formed, says Pausanias, an as semblage of gold, precious stones, ivory, paintings, and sculpture. As for the dimensions of the throne, they depend on those of the statue; as according to Pausanias, the two groups of the Hours and the Graces, placed on each side of the top of the back, were higher than the head of the god as he sat. Now as Strabo tells us that Jupiter, seated, almost touched the roof of the temple, so that if the god had risen he would have pierced through the roof, we have but to combine this passage with the height of the Nuos, which is given at 54 or 55 feet: according to all the other dimensions of the temple, we are led to infer the following proportions between the different parts of the whole colossus : sub-basement twelve feet; foot-stool three feet; the statue seated, from the footstool to the head, thirty feet; then for the two groups placed upon the back of the throne, and surmounting the head of Jupiter by their whole height, four feet; in all 49 or 50 feet: thus the upper extremity was but a The Fifth part treats of Chrysclephantine Statuary, from Pericles to Constantine; and though it does not afford restitutions of this importance, is full of interest. The author throws a new light on many of the most obscure texts of Pausanias, and can discover in them a number of curious works of art, of which we have had hitherto but a very confused notion. M. Quatremere concludes this part by defending, against the prejudices of the moderns, the mixture of colours in works of sculpture. Without pretending to hazard an opinion on so difficult a subject, we may say that, if we examine the plates of this work, first laying aside all prejudice in favour of preconceived opinions, we cannot help acknowledging that the mixture of gold and ivory, and the blending of their colours with the delicate blue or green, of which the Greeks seem to have been particularly fond, is very pleasing to the eye; and that the tout ensemble of the monuments executed in this manner, is as striking in the mass, as harmonious in the colours. What an effect must it | have produced on the minds of the Greeks, early habituated to this mixture; imbued with the traditions and religious ideas with which these monuments were connected! Can we be astonished that, as Quintillian says, such works gave new strength and influence even to religion? The Sixth and last part is neither the least novel nor the least important; but it is the least susceptible of analysis, because the assistance of the plates is necessary for understanding it. The object is to place before our eyes all the processes of sculpture in ivory, and to solve this problem: "How with such a material, the pieces of which could have but a given dimension, (and this always very inconsiderable) it was possible to execute the great works of Chryselephantine Sculpture?" M Quatremere's theory is so clear, the instructions which he gives are so minute, so simple, that it appears that nothing is wanting for the execution of such works as the Minerva of the Parthenon, the Jupiter of Olympia, and the Juno of Argos, but the concurrence of circumstances in which that favoured people were placed, among whom those masterpieces arose. Though we have so far exceeded our usual limits in analyses of this nature, we have not been able to do more than, by a rapid but we hope satisfactory sketch, give our readers an idea of the importance of a work, which almost entirely rebuilds, as we may say, one whole face of the great edifice of antiquity, and of which the celebrated Mr. Boettiger, a competent judge in these matters, says, in his dissertation on "The Olympian the style of Aegina, Jupiter of M. Quatremere de Quincy, is a gigantic stride in the science of the arts." (See our Numbers 52, 53, 63, and 64, for the preceding part of this analysis.) LEARNED SOCIETIES. OXFORD, April 11.-Tuesday, the Rev. David William Garrow, B.D. of Christ Church, was admitted Doctor in Divinity. Thursday, the following gentlemen were admitted to Degrees :— MASTERS OF ARTS.-The Hon. and Rev. Edward Finch, grand compounder, and Robert Bathurst, Esq. of Christ Church; Rev. Robert Williams, of Jesus College; Rev. Richard Cutler, of Exeter College; Rev. George Frederick Everett, and Mr. Charles Atmore Ogilvie, Fellow, of Balliol College. CAMBRIDGE, April 10.-The following gentlemen were on Wednesday admitted to the undermentioned degrees : HONORARY MASTERS OF ARTS.-Geo. Baillie Hamilton, of Trin. Coll.; Hon.Wm. Duncombe, of Trinity College; Daniel | mitted Bachelors of Arts. ARTS AND SCIENCES. THE ROYAL INSTITUTION. effect of attraction existing between the clature; and Mr. Brande concluded with The experiments were of the most simple, conclusive, and beautiful nature; and the theatre was filled with one of the most distinguished audiences, for rank and science, that we ever saw assembled together. SCIENTIFIC NOTICES. On Wednesday, the 8th of April, this subject was continued.--The conducting and non-conducting power of Bodies, as well as the production of Electricity, was attempted to be accounted for by the capacities of different bodies to contain this principle, which was stated to be generally diffused and entering into the composition of all things.Accordingly, not only friction, but all chemical changes wrought in bodies, by which their former arrangement was disturbed, all contacts of bodies possessing different capacities to contain Electricity, and even change of temperature, will produce it. The Electricity thus produced, or made sensible, is no new quantity, but that which previously existed, disturbed, so that if the capacity of a body for electricity is diminished, it will give out a portion of its natural quantity and appear positive, while if that capacity is increased, such body will attract electricity from others, and appear negative.-The Electrical Machine was then obtained a Patent for a new Optical InstruDr. Brewster, of Edinburgh, has lately described in all its parts, and in its progres-ment, which he calls the Kaliedoscope, from sive stages of improvement, at some length. The Plate Machine exhibited was Καλος beautiful, είδος a form, and σκοπεω to see. It consists of two mirrors inclined to We are requested by a Correspondent, in consequence of his reading our review of Mr.M William's book on the Dry Rot, in our last Number, to state, that he has had difficulty in causing oil, or aqueous solutions of salts, to enter the cavities made by worms in timber, on account of the air they contain being unable to escape; but that the essential oil of turpentine, applied with a brush, has in all cases, where he has tried it, entered, and put a stop to the ravages of these insects. object looked at is coloured glass, contained between two parallel object-glasses, and about 8 inches long. Nothing can exceed the whole is fitted up like a small telescope the beauty of the objects it produces, and their changes are truly magical. The instrument is intended to assist Jewellers, Glass Painters, and other ornamental artists, in the formation of patterns, of which it produces an infinite number. On Wednesday, the 1st of April, Professor Millington resumed his Lectures after the Easter vacation, by commencing a course on Electricity. In an opening Lecture, little can be expected, as it is generally no more than an introduction of the subject to the auditors; and accordingly in this Lecture, a concise and clear account was given of the nature of Electricity, and the manner in which it becomes evident to the senses by the operation of friction.-The one of the largest we ever remember to have each other in an angle of about 30°. The Lecture was confined to the weaker electrical seen, but the Professor seemed to give a effects, or such as are produced by the fric-preference to the Cylinder Machine for the tion of glass tubes and sealing-wax, amber, tion of Points and Balls in receiving and general purposes of experiment.-The ac&c.-A brief historical account was given transmitting Electricity was discussed, and of the experiments which led to the disco- the advantage which the former possess very of those bodies which will or will not was shewn to arise in many cases from the conduct Electricity, called Conductors or diminished resistance of the atmosphere. Non-electrics, and Non-conductors or Electrics; and to its existence in two opposite states, called Vitreous and Resinous Electricity, by Du Faye, but which names have since been changed into the terms Positive and Negative Electricity by the theory of Dr. Franklin, which has been long almost universally adopted.-The Lecturer observed, that the French had lately been attempting to re-establish Du Faye's doctrine, of two dissimilar Electricities, in opposition to that of Franklin, which teaches, that the positive and negative states are produced by different quantities of the same kind, and that he should examine the grounds upon which their arguments were founded in a future Lecture.-The attractive and repulsive effects of Electricity were shewn, and their application to those instruments called Electrometers, by which the presence of electricity is made manifest.-We observed that the Lecturer made a distinction between Electrometers and Electroscopes, stating, that the latter term ought to be used to express all those instruments which only indicate its presence, while the former should be reserved for such as were capable of measuring its force.-The nature of Insulation was explained, particularly the new and perfect manner in which it may be obtained by the excellent contrivance of the much lamented late Mr. Singer; and the Lecture concluded by a number of experiments, all tending to shew that wherever repulsion appears to be produced by Electricity, it is in all cases the We noticed an important improvement in the preparation of Flax, a few Numbers back, as invented by Mr.Christian at Paris. Mr. Brande's Second Lecture, delivered on Saturday last, related to the general arWe have heard that a most important rangements of simple substances; and after discussing their relations to elec-improvement has lately been made in the tricity and to each other, he proceeded to from all effect, except that which arises Mariner's Compass, by which it is insulated divide them into supporters of combustion from the Earth's magnetism. We have been and combustibles. The former, he said, were only three in number, Oxygen, Chlo unable to obtain any particulars of this inrine, Iodine. Their sources, properties, and as we are always anxious to lay an acvention, except that it is now in London; and mutual combinations, were pointed out; count of all important and useful discoveand the Professor then went on to consi-ries before our readers, we shall be obliged der the prevailing theories of combustion, to any of them to inform us where we may and to refute those which referred the phe- obtain information on this head. nomena to the presence of any peculiar principle. He said, that the Phlogistic and Antiphlogistic hypotheses were equally untenable; that Oxygen was by no means present in all cases of combustion; and that in respect to the gas called Euchlorine, a compound of Chlorine and Oxygen, it only occasioned the spontaneous inflammation of the metals, when deprived of its Oxygen, the very principle which Lavoisier had asserted to be necessarily present in all cases of combustion. Referring to the old and new views concerning Chlorine, the Lecturer animadverted upon the danger of preconceived opinions in science purely experimental; he did not mean to banish theory, but wished to restrain it in proper limits, and to make it the servant of experiment. On turning to the Quarterly Journal of Science and the Arts, we find this invention originated in London.-We shall give the particulars in our next. ORIGINAL POETRY. LIGHT. The Lay of Light! A World there was, unknown |