The following are the results of meteorological observations, taken by the aid of one of Messrs. Negretti & Zambra's minimum and maximum selfregistering thermometers (Fahrenheit), exposed in the shade during the month of March at Rosario, from April to June at Montevideo, and from

July to September at Buenos Ayres:

ADVICE TO EMIGRANTS.

CHAP. XV.

ADVICE TO EMIGRANTS.

WHO TO COME, AND WHO TO STAY AT HOME.

THE River Plate offers a fine field for immigrants, as is proved by the thousands of Europeans here who have gained fortune and position during the last twenty years. Yet it sometimes happens that individuals come out to Buenos Ayres, throwing up a good livelihood, and being ignorant of the language and unwilling at first to «rough it,» grow disgusted and return to England sadder but not wiser men. It is, therefore, absolutely necessary to bear in mind the classes of emigrants most needed in a new country:— 1st. Farm servants—unmarried men, of strong constitutions, sober, steady, accustomed to country life, and able to stand rain and sun. Their occupation here would be the care of sheep, and as our flocks make up a total of sixty millions, doubling every four years, at least twenty thousand of this class will find immediate employment at £20 per annum, being found in house, provisions, horses, &c. After two or three years, they usually get a flock of sheep with third profits, and ultimately become independent farmers.

2nd. Cooks and housemaids-unmarried women of good conduct and some experience in house-keeping, although ignorant of Spanish, are much in request. Five hundred would at once get situations in native or foreign families, at £25 to £35 per annum. They often get married to the above class of sheepfarmers.

3rd. Young married couples--when unencumbered with family, this class is in greater demand than any other, and always preferred, on the

EMIGRANTS

ground of steadiness. The husband must act either as sheep-peon or gardener, and the wife as cook. If they hire on an estancia in Buenos Ayres their joint wages may be calculated at £45 per annum, but if they go to Banda Oriental, Entre-Rios, or the other Provinces, they will earn £80.

4th. Speculators-we want some wide-awake, practical men, possessing money and experience. We have no manufactures in the River Plate. We want a paper mill, a woollen manufactory, omnibuses to ply through the city, pleasure gardens, an English theatre, and fifty other enterprises which would handsomely pay the originators.

The above are the classes actually wanted, but some others might possibly better themselves by coming hither. For instance, there is room for halfa-dozen English physicians in the 'camp'; a few mechanics might get good wages in the interior; printers are always wanted in Buenos Ayres; some sober. coachmen may also come out, and a good teacher of music or languages will find plenty to do.

It may be needful to specify the classes not wanted

1st. Lawyers, land surveyors, newspaper reporters, and graduates of universities. The first two are debarred from practising, until they go through a course of studies in the universities of these countries and take out degrees here. This involves three years, and is not worth the trouble. Reporters, if even they knew Spanish, would get nothing to do, there being no meetings, law-trials, lectures, &c., to report. Graduates are proverbially useless, for a man may have Homer and Virgil by heart, and be obliged to sell oranges for a living.

2ad. Clerks and shop assistants. Some of this class come out to seek their fortune and generally return. They are ignorant of Spanish, and therefore both helpless and useless: morcover the English houses bring out their own clerks, and look with distrust on strangers. Half a dozen youths understanding Spanish and their business, might fall into a drapery or grocery, at £60 a year. As a class, however, they are not wanted.

3rd. Unemployed gentlemen. If these men have sufficient money to buy a flock of sheep, it is likely they will get disgusted, and sell out at a loss. If they have not, they are out of clement, not willing to work hard, and desiring some lucrative post which they would be unable to fill.

4th. Tradesmen with large families. Most handicrafts being exercised by French, Italian, or Spanish operatives, it is not likely an English tailor, bootmaker or carpenter would find wages so much better than at home, comparatively with the value of money in both countries, as to be worth

STEAM LINES TO LA PLATA.

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the change. If he has a few hundred pounds, to start for himself, he may possibly get on, but if he has a large family and no ready money, he will find himself much worse than at home.

5th. Fast young men. If there were a law prohibiting the importation of this class, it would be a service to the country and to themselves. The British Hospital and Policia can tell of many locked up for drunkenness, and finally dying in delirium tremens, for this climate cuts them off with extraordinary rapidity.

We have now pointed out distinctly the classes which are sure to get on well; and also those which must come here only to be sadly disappointed. If the immigrant has little self conceit, and a good temper, he will find friends everywhere. If strictly sober and honest, he is sure to thrive. It is perfectly immaterial whether he be Catholic or Protestant. A good education is not virtually a disadvantage. The climate is the finest on earth, and persons who come out young speedily accustom themselves. The distance from Europe is very great, and those who cast their fortunes here have little chance of seeing the Old World again, not one in a hundred ever returning. Still the country has so many advantages, and the people are in general so kind, that «home sickness» is hardly known.

STEAM SERVICE TO THE RIVER PLATE.

A few years ago there was but one line of steamers plying to Brazil and the River Plate, viz.: the Royal Mail from Southampton. At present there are seven lines, viz.: the Southampton, Liverpool (2), London, Bordeaux, Marseilles, and New York steamboat services.

1. The Royal Mail Company despatch a steamer on the morning of the 9th of every month, from Southampton, or on the 10th if the previous day be Sunday. This line has been running over twenty years: the vessels are large and commodious. Fares-1st class, £35 and upwards: return tickets, available for twelve months, issued at a fare and a-half; 2nd class, £25, good accommodation; but this class is not allowed to mix with the first or go on the quarter-deck. Bed, bedding, plate, and utensils provided for both classes. A reduction of one-sixth is allowed for families of four or more persons travelling first-class. The steamer calls at Lisbon, Cape Verds, Bahia, and Pernambuco: at Rio Janeyro passengers for the River Plate are transhipped to the Arno. The voyage occupies thirty-one days to Montevideo, and thirty-two to Buenos Ayres. For regulations about luggage, &c., see the company's pamphlet, given gratis on application, either personally or by letter, to Captain Vincent, Superintendent, Southampton; or, to J. M. Lloyd, Esq., 55 Moorgate Street, London, E.C.