her body rested for the night upon its way from Lincolnshire to Westminster Abbey, he erected a cross." The Church of the Abbey (used for the parish) still remains a typical example of Norman architecture, and was partly restored some years ago by the late William Burges. The celebrated Thomas Fuller, author of the "Worthies," was incumbent here 1648 to 1658.

Walthamstow, a few miles from London by the Great Eastern Railway from Liverpool Street.

Walton-on-Thames and Weybridge lie about 27 miles from London on the South-Western line. Walton-on-the-Hill is in Surrey; Walton-onthe-Naze in Essex.

Walworth is a suburb on the Surrey side of the Thames, easily reached by omnibus, or by London, Chatham, and Dover Railway.

Wanstead Park, consisting of 182 acres of common, lying between Epping Forest and Wanstead Flats, is an addition to the land first purchased for public use in the Forest by the Corporation of London. As to the name of Wanstead, &c., we may say with Carlyle, "Our own Wednesday, is it not still Odin's day? Wednesbury, Wansborough, Wanstead, Wandsworth, these are still leaves from that root."

Wandsworth, an ancient suburb, originally Wandlesworth, from the stream Wandle, which flows through it, lies west of Battersea, and is reached by train from Waterloo. Wandsworth Common Railway Station is on the London and Brighton line from Victoria or London Bridge. Wandsworth Road Station is upon the London, Chatham, and Dover line, from Victoria or Ludgate Hill. The Surrey County Prison, the Westminster Emanuel School, and St. James's Industrial School are situated on Wandsworth Common. Old Wandsworth was noted as the resort of Dutch refugees, who established here a factory for brass culinary utensils; also of Huguenots, who set up hat factories and built a church,—which was eventually transferred to Nonconformists. The Huguenot cemetery, called "Mount Nod," on the East Hill, contains many refugee names of note. The Old Manor House of Wandsworth is in this locality.

Wimbledon is chiefly noted for its Common, upon which the contests for the Prizes of the Rifle Volunteer Gatherings take place every summer. It is distant about seven miles by train from Waterloo, Victoria, London Bridge, and Ludgate Hill. The great English statesman, William Pitt, died Jan. 23, 1806, in a house which he had for some time inhabited in a solitary spot on Wimbledon Common. On the morning of that day a visitor proceeded to the house to inquire after the health of its master; knocked, but upon obtaining no answer, opened the door and went forward from room to room till he came to the statesman's bed-chamber, where, to his unspeakable surprise, on a bed, unattended, lay the dead body of the great Minister whose name had long been the rallying point in European councils, and the symbol of British supremacy.

4

Windsor Castle.

233

Windsor, a large and ancient town, with a population of about 12,000, may be reached in about an hour either from the Paddington Terminus of the Great Western, or from Waterloo Station of the South-Western Railway. Passengers by the former line change carriages at Slough, unless the train be marked "through." From Slough visitors may, if they please, visit the scene of Gray's Elegy,' Stoke Pogis, 2 miles off, or the famous Burnham Beeches, now unhappily the worse for time and storm, but reckoned the finest in the kingdom, which are now secured from destruction by the Corporation of London; the locality was dedicated to public use, Oct. 3, 1883. Beaconsfield, the residence and place of burial of Edmund Waller and Edmund Burke, and the locality which gave Mr. Disraeli his title, is within a short distance.

Windsor Castle was built by William of Wykeham, for Edward III, (upon the site of a more ancient castle erected by William the Conqueror), and enlarged by Henry I. and II. and III. Nearly a million of money has been expended here in improvements during and since the reign of George IV. Visitors will find the Northern Terrace always open; the Eastern Terrace is open during the Queen's absence, on Saturdays and Sundays only, from 2 to 6 P.M. The State Apartments (not shown while Her Majesty is in residence) are open gratis to the public on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays, from 11 to 4 in summer, or 11 to 3 in winter, by tickets available for the day, obtainable at the Lord Chamberlain's office in the Castle.

St. George's Chapel (open daily for divine service at 10.30 A.M. and 5.0 P.M. (during the summer months at 3.0 P.M.), on Sundays at 11 A.M. and 5 P.M.) is to be seen on weekdays only (Wednesdays excepted) from 12.30 to 4 P.M. It is considered one of the most beautiful examples of Perpendicular Gothic ever produced. The Choir is decorated with the banners, &c., of the Knights of the Garter, whose stalls are placed therein. The West window, of old stained glass, exhibits subjects in connection with the Order of the Garter; the East window, designed by Sir G. Scott, is a fine Memorial of the Prince Consort. Observe the Reredos below it; the monument of Edward IV. on the left of it; also the Duke of Kent's tomb, in the nave; Henry VI.'s tomb; the monument to the Duchess of Gloucester; the vault in the Middle of the Choir, wherein Henry VIII., Jane Seymour, and Charles I. were buried. In the Royal Tomb-house, on the east of the Chapel, lie the bodies of George III., George IV., William IV., the Duke of Albany, and other personages. In the Braye Chapel is a Memorial, sculptured for the Queen by J. E. Boehm, R.A., to Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (son of Napoleon III.), who was slain whilst serving with the British army against the Zulus in South Africa, June 1, 1879, aged 23 years. Above the Royal Crypt formerly known as the Wolsey Chapel is the Albert Chapel, restored by the Queen in memory of her Consort--and it is

a magnificent and worthy memorial. The Ceiling is composed of devices in Venetian Mosaic; the West-end window is a fine specimen of workmanship; the walls are decorated with marble mosaic-work by Trinqueti. In the centre is a Sarcophagus, with the recumbent figure of the Prince Consort in white marble, and a second with that of the late Duke of Albany. This Chapel was formerly open from 12 to 3 every Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, without tickets, but is at present closed.

The State Apartments of Windsor Castle are:-(1) the King's Audience Chamber, hung with tapestry and decorated by Verrio, as is also (2) the Queen's Presence Chamber; (3) the Guard Chamber, containing memorials of Nelson, Marlborough, and Wellington; (4) St. George's Hall, embellished with the armorial bearings of Knights of the Garter, since 1350, and portraits of Kings of England, from James I.; (5) the Grand Reception Room, hung with tapestry representing the Story of Jason and Medea; (6) the Throne Room, containing numerous portraits, also pictures by West, relating to the Order of the Garter; (7) the Waterloo Chamber, decorated by carvings, contains portraits of various sovereigns and of Waterloo heroes; (8) the Grand Vestibule exhibits banners and other memorials, also Boehm's Statue of Her Majesty; (9) the Grand Staircase shows Chantrey's Statue of George IV.; and (10) the State Ante-room has carvings by Grinling Gibbons; (11) the Small Vestibule, (12) the Rubens Room, (13) the Zuccarelli Room contains some landscapes and portraits. The Old Ball Room is embellished entirely by Van Dyck's portraits of the period of Charles I. and II.

The Royal Stables, on the south of the Castle, are open daily from 1 to 2.30, when the Court is in residence, at other times from 1 to 3 P.M. Application to the Porter at the North Lodge is sufficient to ensure admission except upon special occasions.

The Mausoleum, erected by the Queen for Prince Albert, stands in the grounds of Frogmore.

The Long Walk from Windsor leads to Virginia Water. If perchance the visitor to Windsor should find time, after seeing the Castle, the Chapel, &c., to extend his interest further, he would derive much pleasure in a drive to Virginia Water-an artificial lake guarded by a miniature man-of-war.* A carriage from Windsor and back should not be more than 10s. The avenue starting alongside of the Long Walk is named Queen Anne's Ride, and leads to Ascot and the course for Ascot Races. A Sanatorium for the Insane, -incurables and convalescents, of the Middle Classes, founded by the late Mr. Holloway (proprietor of Holloway's Pills), at a cost of

*The visitor from London can reach Virginia Water by coach from Hatchett's Hotel, Piccadilly (see p. 116), or by rail from Waterloo Terminus to Virginia Water Station, about a mile from the lake. Cabs meet the trains, and the Wheatsheaf Hotel at the lake can well accommodate many large parties simultaneously.

London Suburbs and Environs.

235

a quarter of a million, has been recently erected at St. Ann's Hill, near Virginia Water, by Mr. Crossland, the architect; and the Holloway College for the Higher Education of Women is built by the same architect at Mount Lee, au adjoining site. Datchet village is but a mile from Windsor through the Home Park, where, until 1863, stood Herne's Oak, immortalised in Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor' :

"Herne the Hunter,

Sometime a keeper rare in Windsor Forest,
Doth all the winter time at still midnight
Walk round about an oak."

Queen Victoria's Oak is now the attraction of Windsor Park, vice Herne's, blown down, 1863.

At Woking, twenty-four miles from London, by the SouthWestern Railway line, is one of the largest of our Cemeteries. The Cremation Society, founded 1874, purchased, 1878, an acre of ground at Woking, and erected a Crematory at a cost of £1600. It was estimated that the total expense of cremation would be about £9 or £10. Here also was founded the Royal Dramatic College, which at one time promised to be a flourishing institution; but modern experience seems to show that the asylums, which were in former times the source of so much honourable pride and satisfaction, are not the best means for taking care of old and decayed people.

Wormwood Scrubbs, a station near Notting Hill. Upon the Common of 194 acres― -but recently a waste-used to be fought many of the fashionable duels which took place at the beginning of this century. A new Government Prison in course of erection on Wormwood Scrubbs, for the reception of male criminals, has been almost entirely built by convicts. When it is complete the occupants of Milbank penitentiary will be removed hither, and Milbank will be used exclusively for female prisoners in lieu of Tothill-fields Prison, recently abolished.

236

Principal Churches and Chapels.

THE PRINCIPAL CHURCHES AND CHAPELS,

Other than those mentioned in the body of this book (for which see Index), are : Bavarian (Roman Catholic).-12 Warwick Street, Regent Street.

Danish (Lutheran).-King Street, Poplar. 11 A.M.

Dutch (Reformed Calvinist).-6 Austin Friars.

French (Protestant).—Monmouth Road, Westbourne Grove, Bayswater, 11 and 7 and 36 Bloomsbury Street, New Oxford Street.

11 and 3.30.

Do. (Roman Catholic).—Little George Street, Portman Square.
Leicester Place, Leicester Square.

Do.

do.

German (Lutheran).-Cleveland Street, Fitzroy Square. 11 and 7.
Do. (Royal).-Friary Court, St. James's Palace, S.W. 11.30.

Do. (Evangelical) Church, Fowler Road, Cross Street, Islington.

Do. (Protestant Reformed), Hooper Square, Leman Street, Whitechapel.
Do. (Roman Catholic).-9 Union Street, Whitechapel.
Greek.-Moscow Road, Bayswater

Do. (Russian).-32 Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square.

Italian (Roman Catholic).-Clerkenwell Road, near Holborn Circus.
Do. (Church of England).-Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C.
Norwegian.-Bickley Row, Rotherhithe. 10.30 and 5.

Sardinian (Roman Catholic).-Sardinia Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.

Spanish (Roman Catholic).-Spanish Place, Manchester Square.

Swedish (Protestant).-Prince's Square, Shadwell (where Swedenborg was buried, 1772).

Swiss (Protestant).-26 Endell Street, Bloomsbury.

Welsh (Calvinist).-Nassau Street, Soho; Fann Street, Aldersgate Street, E.C.
Do. (Baptist).-North Buildings, Eldon Street, Finsbury, E.C.
Do. (Wesleyan).-186 Aldersgate Street, E.C.; City Road, E.C.

Do. (Church of England).-St. Benet, Paul's Wharf, E.C.

There are seventeen Jews' Synagogues in London. The Central Synagogue is at 129 Great Portland Street. The City Synagogue is in Great St. Helen's, St. Mary Axe, E.C. East London Synagogue, Rectory Square, E. German. New Broad Street, E.C. Spanish and Portuguese, Bevis Marks, E.C., and 57 Bryanston Street, W. The West London Synagogue is at 34 Upper Berkeley Street, Edgware Road. Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, W.C. The Western Synagogue is at St. Alban's Place, Haymarket. The Western Wall Synagogue in St. Petersburg Place, Bayswater. The Great Synagogue is at St. James's Place, Aldgate, E.C.; and the German Jews' Synagogue is at New Broad Street, E.C. Service begins at sunset every Friday; upon other days early morning and evening service, varies as to the hour according to the time of year.

NONCONFORMISTS.

Baptists. Rev. C. H. Spurgeon, Metropolitan Tabernacle, Newington Butts. 11

and 6.30.

Westbourne Grove Chapel. 11 and 7.

Bloomsbury Chapel, Bloomsbury. 11 and 7.