mercy of Him, in the order of whose providence I have been borne to this faroff land, as I trust for some good end; and I prayed that I might be enabled to main useful to those among whom I have been called to perform the arduous and responsible duties of my profession. 20th. To-day, we had another visit from Com. Perry, accompanied by several other officers of the squadron. In company with Governor Roberts and several other citizens of Monrovia, we visited the residences of several of the principal families. It was truly delightful to see the neatness and taste which were exhibited in the different houses that we visited.All were well furnished, and everything seemed to be in good order, and looked very comfortable. Cheerfulness seemed to be depicted on every countenance; and happiness seemed to reside in every dwelling. 19th. Sunday. This morning the sun arose in more than usual splendor. The air was remarkably soft and balmy. The singing of the birds, and the roaring of the ocean, contrasted with the solemn still-tain my christian character, and be made ness that prevailed throughout the town, together with the beautiful appearance of the distant hills and forest trees, and the great variety of lovely flowers, produced in my mind a train of sweet and profitable reflections and meditations, and tended to exalt my affections from nature up to nature's God. I felt that it was the Sabbath, the holy day of the Lord, and I prayed to be enabled to spend this, my first Sabbath in Africa, to the honor and glory of my heavenly Father. In the forenoon, I heard a good sermon by the Rev. J. W. Roberts; and in the afternoon, a clear and practical discourse by the Rev. Amos Herring. The neatness of dress of all the members of the congregation, and the attention and decorum that was observed during divine service, reminded me that I was worshiping with an assembly of persons who reverence the Lord's day, and who exhibit a becoming respect for themselves and their neighbors, as well as for the institutions of Christianity. Indeed, I never observed more solemnity, and apparently more genuine religious feeling in any community, on the Sabbath day, than I have witnessed during this day; which fact is, to me, highly gratifying and very encouraging. The ringing of the church-bells at the hour for preaching, reminded me more forcibly of my distant native land and home, and more sensibly impressed on my mind the reality of my situation. For a time, I felt somewhat sad at the thought that perhaps I may never again hear the "church-going bells" of my native land; but I tried to banish every feeling of gloom, and to throw myself on the goodness and 21st. To-day, Governor Roberts gave a dinner to the officers of the squadron. Com. Perry, Capt. Mayo, Capt. Abbott, and about fifteen other officers were present, together with about as many of the citizens of Monrovia. Everything passed off very pleasantly. The distinction of color was apparently forgotten. Friendship and sociality seemed to be the order of the day. Several toasts were given after the cloth was removed, among which was one by Com. Perry in honor of Mrs. Roberts, which was heartily responded to by the company, and handsomely acknowledged by the Governor. 22nd. This afternoon, Governor Roberts went on board the Macedonian, with the view of going down the coast, as far as Berryby, below Cape Palmas. On his arrival on board the vessel, he was honored with a salute of eleven guns. Dr. Day also left to-day; also Dr. Johnson, who has been stopping at Monrovia for the last week. Dr. Day seems not to have suffered very much in this country; but Dr Johnson is in very feeble health. Both of these gentlemen have resided several years in Liberia; the latter for the last two or three years as principal of a school on Factory Island, near the mouth of the St. John's river. By the departure of these two physicians, I am left alone-dependent on my own resources in sickness.But thanks to an over-ruling Providence, I do not yet require the attention of any of the faculty, for my health continues very good. In regard to manner of living, I do not vary much from my former manner of living in the United States. The Governor's lady keeps a good table, and I am sometimes tempted to eat rather heartily, especially at dinner, which, I NUMBER 1. think should be the lightest meal in this climate. I came to Africa with the impression that a little wine or brandy would be necessary as a preservative of health; but I am now satisfied that neither is necessary, except in sickness, and then only when a stimulant is required. I find that total abstinence is the best for me. The weather, since my arrival, has been very pleasant; the average temperature of the atmosphere about 820 at noon, in the shade. We have had several slight showers of rain; with a pleasant sea-breeze during the principal part of the day. Altogether, I find the climate much more agreeable than I expected. So far as the pleasantness of the climate and weather is concerned, I think I would prefer a residence in Liberia to one in any part of the United States. (To be continued.) [From the Western New-Yorker.] African Colonization. THE planting of Christian civilization and freedom upon the shores of Africa, is one of the noblest schemes which the philanthropy of our age has undertaken. It claims our favor on various accounts. It is a work for the Christian missionary; for the friend of civilization, commerce and the arts; and for the republican propagandist.The Christian sees in it the beginning of the fulfilment of the prophecy-"Ethiopia shall soon stretch forth her hands unto God." The statesman sees in it a prospect of developing the resources of a continent which even Anglo-Saxon energy could not so much as penetrate, and of raising a population that has been from all antiquity degraded. The lover of freedom exults at see ing men whose ancestors from time immemorial have been slavesslaves to barbarian despots or civilized masters-now governing themselves as citizens of a free republic. The African continent, with a soil of unequalled fertility, vast mineral wealth, and a climate salubrious to its native population, is inhabited by about 150 millions of Mehommedans and heathens. Their slavery, idolatry, devil-worship, witchcraft, polygamy, human sacrifices and cannibalism, make a picture too disagreeable to encourage our curiosity. Says Dr. Goheen, a Methodist missionary physician: "Slavery in the United States in its worst form and under the lash is not as bad as slavery here in its mildest form. It is a well-known truth that in Western Africa nine-tenths of the whole pop and can bear witness to the truth of ulation are in a state of slavery. || on the coast who have seen it, The females are sold at an early age, to be, when grown up, wives or beasts of burden, as their proprietors may require. If the majority here were not slaves, how would they ever get into the foreign slavedealer's hands? They are sent in hundreds from the interior to the slave factories and sold. They are not deprived of their liberty when they leave these shores; they only change masters. Slaves they are, and such they have been to the most savage rulers, who inflict upon them the severest punishments, and feel free to kill, to eat, or to throw them upon the funeral-pile at pleasure." We sometimes hear slavery spoken of as a vice of civilized men peculiarly. This is not so; civilization is opposed to it, restrains its legitimate horrors, and tends to its removal. Yet it is true that there is a barbarism too savage for slavery. And such barbarism is not unknown in Africa. Said the King of Dahomey to Governor Abson, of Cape Coast Castle, when asked if his going to war was not to obtain captives to sell to the slave-dealer: "I have killed many thousands without thinking of the slave-market; I shall kill many thousands more. Some heads I place at my door; others I throw into the market-place, that people may stumble over them. This gives a grandeur to my customs; this makes my enemies fear me; and this pleases my ancestors, to whom I send them. Dahomeans do not make war to make slaves, but to make prisoners to kill at the customs." Says Rev. I. L. Wilson: "The story that the King of Dahomy has his yard paved with human skulls is no fable. There are Europeans Such facts give us a glimpse of the "gross darkness" that covers the African continent. This very darkness has made a very strong call upon Christian sympathy for missionary effort. There has been found in the African much accessibility to religious instruction; the influence of the gospel upon the recaptured Africans of Sierra Leone and Liberia has been wonderful. But, on the other hand, the climate of the African coast, with its special hostility to the white man, has been a source of discouragement. The number of devoted men and women who have laid down their lives in this cause, or returned more or less disabled for life, has been very great. And still they go. The climate, however, is not unfavorable to the colored race of this country, and many of the missionaries are now colored men. in a slavery to king, priest, and devil, so degraded and abject that a change to the Brazilian mines can scarcely be for the worse-are men who, in a few generations, with good teaching and good examples, might be fit to exercise, as some native born Africans at this day do, the privileges of republican citizens. Its cruel heathenism might give place to Christianity. Christian colonies. The civilized colored people are acquainted with the gospel; and by the help of other Christians they can spread it. Through them the Christian world can work without the fearful sacrifice of life that would be otherwise necessary. Native youth can be trained up in colony schools, and then go out to teach their country men. The plan of missionary colonies, so often advocated, has usually been found impracticable. It is difficult to get a sufficient number of colonists willing to go from countries where there situation is more favorable, as to social advantages or ease in getting a living, to where it is less so. To get colonists to go from Europe or Asia to America is easy; but it is not so easy to get colonists from the United States who will submit to inconveniences of European subjects, or enter into competition with the poorly-paid artisan or laborer of Asia. Apparently, the only practicable way of bringing this about is by planting colonies of civilized colered men on that continent, to develop the resources of the country and spread civilization among the natives. This may be done, too, in such a way as to spread the blessings of free government in that oppressed country; for the only civilized people that can colonize it are colored people; and of them the most highly civilized, and therefore the most influential, are those who go from the United States, acquainted with republican institutions.This acquaintance with republican institutions makes the free colored people of the United States, though shut out from office, and depressed in social position, really better fitted for free government than the nations of Continental Europe. This has been demonstrated. Republicanism, which withers and dies at once in Europe; which in Spanish America degenerates into military dictator-uriantly that the lazy savage never ship; which among the refined and cultured Asiatics is well nigh inconceivable, is already planted, rooted, and growing in the soil of Africa. The two model republics are the United States and Liberia. In the case of African colonization, however, there is a great posi tive advantage on the side of Africa which must ere long swell the tide of emigration thither, as it now sets in upon us from Europe and Asia. That is the great ease of obtaining a living. The soil is wonderfully fertile. The kinds of food best suited to the climate grows so lux suffers for want of food, and the civilized farmer can raise an abundance with great ease. There is no winter to provide for, no frost to hurt the crops. The commerce of the country, now highly profitable, increases as the slave trade is broken up. Iron is there in ore so rich as scarce to need the furnace; and the gold of Guinea must one day give employment to the machinery of civilized miners. With all this, the climate excludes the white man's competition. contribute to the resources of a country which gave us no protection. We were made a separate and distinct class; and against us every avenue to improvement was effectually closed. Strangers from all lands, of a color different from ours, were preferred before us." The state of things here portrayed makes it highly desirable for the colored man to go where he can have a nationality of his own, with no superior caste to keep him down; where, from being neglected or de humiliating, petted as a protégé by a few, he may come to take his part with acknowledged equals in man. a menial or dependent position, he may come to be looked up to by thousands of his race, as a protector from their own lawless tyrants, a deliverer from their own degrading superstitions. It is not merely the high rate of wages and the low price of land that brings the thousands of Europe day after day to our shores; there is also a wish to stand erect or rise among one's fellows-a longing for liberty, equality and distinction. In the case of emigration to Africa, this is not wanting. The free colored man, oppressed by social disadvantages which shut him out en-spised by the many, or, scarcely less tirely from office, and almost entirely from all profitable employment not of a more or less menial character, holds here a very unfavorable position.-aging a free Republic; where, from Comparing the statistics of crime among the whites and free blacks, we get a sad proof that the black man's social inequality tends to perpetrate his degradation, while his liberty gives fuller scope to criminality. It is hard for him to rise with so much against him. The brawny European crowds him out of employment; the white man jostles him on the sidewalk, browbeats and insults him; his children are taunted with their color, and, however worthy, cannot go into society with the white man's child. What says the colored man himself in the Liberian Declaration of Independence? "We the people of the Republic of Liberia were originally the inhabitants of the United States of North America. In some parts of that country we were debarred by law from all the rights and privileges of men; in other parts, public sentiment, more powerful than law, frowned us down. We were everywhere shut out from all civil office. We were excluded from all participation in the government. We were taxed without our consent. We were compelled to These things tend to make Christian colonization, which is so difficult in other heathen countries, not merely possible in Africa, but easy. Every natural advantage tends to set the stream in that direction; and it only needs to wear itself a deeper channel, which it is daily doing, and emigration to Africa must become a mighty flood. Those who know that emigration from Britain increased from less than 15,000 in 1825, to 366,000 in 1852 -more than 24-fold in 27 years; who know that the British Commissioners of Emigration could trace nearly five million dollars sent in 1851 to bring Irishmen out of Ireland; who have seen even the longsecluded Chinaman catching the fever of emigration and venturing boldly across the great Pacific, need have no doubt that when the way is fairly opened, African colonization |