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keeping it till night, have ascertained that the green colour by day, and the phosphorescent appearance by night were occasioned by the same substance. The causes of this luminous appearance of the sea are doubtless various in different parts of the ocean. We know that fish, when dead, afford a similar light, and experiments have shown that dead fish immersed in sea water, after a time, afford it also. The spawn of fishes is said to afford it, and putrefaction is considered as a very common cause of this appearance. In the present instance it appeared unequivocally to proceed from innumerable small gelatinous bodies, about the size of a pin's head. These, when taken upon the hand, moved about with great agility for a second or two, when they ceased to be luminous and remained immovable."

Mr. Conant, of New York, has undertaken to collect specimins of Indian poetry and eloquence. In consequence of his application to the War Department, the Indian agents and superintendants of schools among the aborigines were directed to collect and transmit to him, whatever they could find of such materials. The secretary of war justly remarks that much difficulty will arise from the ignorance of the interpreters, who are generally illiterate and not qualified to preserve the figurative language of the Indians. He observes that "The language of metaphor is the language of man in his uncultivated state; and his mountains, and rivers, and forests, and, to his eye, the earth and the sky, with their earthquakes, and their lightnings, are all full of mystery, which create a darkness well fitted for the workings of the imagination, and fertile in wonders. Much sublimity, no doubt, is lost, for the want of proper channels for its passage to us; and with every wish that it could be preserved, yet I confess I have my doubts as to our being able to realize an object so desirable."

From the conclusion of this letter we learn that a gallery of portraits is to be formed at Washington which will be gazed at with interest in future times when the tawny children of the forest shall have disappeared from the face of the earth. The chiefs of the principal tribes are selected for this purpose, and their likenesses are taken by a first rate artist, who is careful to preserve the native costume.

A translation of Esop's Fables was published in London; many years ago, the title-page of which runs thus: "The Fables of Esope in English, with all his life and fortune; and how he was subtyll, wyse, and born in Greece, not far from Troy the great, in a town named Amonio: how he was of all

other men most difformed and evil-shapen: for he had a great head, a large visage, long jawes, sharp eyen, a short neck, crok-backed, great belly, great legs, large feete, and yet that which was worse, he was dombe, and could not speake; but, notwithstanding this, he had a singular wit, and was greatly ingenious and subtyll in cavillations, and pleasaunt in woordes after he came to his speache. Whereunto is added the fables of Avian, as also the fables of Poge, the Florentyne, very pleasaunte to read."

FLAT ROCK DAM,

[with an engraving.]

[We are indebted to the writer of the following communication, for the beautiful sketch which is prefixed to this number-Of the Schuylkill Navigation some account was given in our eighteenth volume. Since that time the whole has been completed as far as Mount Carbon and excellent packet boats for passengers are passing daily from Philadelphia to Reading.

Mr. OLDSCHOOL:

The sketch which I send you is intended as a representation of a dam across the Schuylkill about eight miles from this city, erected by the Schuylkill Navigation Company. In amusing myself in the delineation of this scene I had no thought of any thing further than the mere exercise of my pencil, but I find that I have cheated myself into a little knowledge of engineering. Seeing no mill attached to this dam, I very naturally inquired into the purpose for which it was erected. It appears that the company who have undertaken to effect a water communication between Philadelphia and the regions about the source of the river, prefer the plan of damming the river at sundry places, and thus forming it into a succession of pools, to the more expensive contrivance of canals. It is stated that a horse can tow a boat in one of these pools with greater ease than in a canal, owing, no doubt, to the greater depth of water.

A canal leads from this dam along the eastern side of the river, which supplies several extensive cotton factories with water power. It is, indeed, the establishment of these factories, that has given rise to the town of Manyunk, on a spot to which, a few years ago the rambler was invited by its singularly wild and romantic beauties.

V.

For the Port Folio.

ABSTRACT OF PUBLIC OCCURRENCES.

June, 1826.

Maine.-Mr. Flagg, of Gardiner, has made a family mill, at which a man can grind, with a crank, two bushels of grain an hour. The mill is of the size of a common table, and costs 5 dollars.

New Hampshire.-An heroic action was performed by a boy near the Great Falls Factory, in the neighbourhood of Dover. James Cowen, of 8 years of age, seeing an older and larger companion drowning in very deep water, plunged in, stripping off his upper clothes as he ran, dived twice for him, and finally brought him to the shore, almost exhausted, and both boys nearly sunk together during the struggle.

A profit of $13,000 has been derived from the New Hampshire state prison, within the last year. The prisoners it is believed are employed in getting out stone and preparing it for market.

Massachusetts.-The commissioners to run the line between N. H. and Massachusetts have reported, that the line run in 1741, by Mitchell and Hazen, declines 3 degrees 22 seconds from a due west line, so as to deviate 942 poles where it strikes the Connecticut river. Some error is thought to exist, and the commissioners appointed on the part of the two states caunot agree. Those from Massachusetts have not reported.The cut stone sold by the state prison last year brought $15,000; other articles a small amount; profit more than $5,600. -The literary fund of this state amounts to $31,000, which is recommended to be appropriated to the assistance of Dartmouth college. --A flock of 376 imported Saxony sheep (a purer breed of Merinos) was lately sold at Brighton, near Boston: the highest price $210; the average about 60. A parcel of JULY, 1826.--No. 285.

South Downs and Lincolnshire, se lected from the best flocks in England, were sold at the same time; but at very indifferent prices; the 6 Lincolnshire from 2 to 28 dollars; the 7 S. Downs from 11 to 37. A specimen of wool from one of the L. breed was shown, 6 inches long and very fine.Seventeen years ago the whole population of the village of Lechmore Point consisted of one old bachelor and 2 old maids: now there are 396 children in the village. The aggregate of pupils in the schools of Boston is 10,436, of which 7,044 are in the public, and 3.392 in private schools. The annual expense is $152,722; of which individuals pay 97,305, and the city $55,417. The number of schools is 215.4 new Athenæum is about to be built in Boston. The amount received by the treasurer from individual subscribers, within six months, is $14,000. The building is to cost $10,000; the same sum will be laid out in books, and the residue will be invested, with $14,000 present money, among the permanent funds of the institution.A committee has been appointed in the legislature to consider the propriety of establishing a state lottery, to prevent the drain of money from the state. The subject is referred to the next session. On Mr. Sprague's motion that committee was also instructed to consider the expediency of authorising the sale of tickets in the Jefferson lottery authorised by Virginia. The rocking stone, in Savoy, is a great curiosity. It is of granite and venerable with the mosses and lichens common in that section of the country. It is believed to weigh ten or twelve tons, and still may be moved with ease, so as to describe an arc of about five inches, by the hands and shoulder, or 11

by standing on its summit and leaning the weight of the body on one foot and the other alternately. Some time since, when the ground around it was first cleared, it was sensibly moved by the wind, which very probably may be the case at the present time. It is so curiously placed, that the noise it makes in moving is scarcely noticed. The rock on which it lies is a coarse-grained granite curiously contorted, and apparently stratified. The rocking stone lies on the summit of this ledge and appears to touch it in three points, nearly in a right line across the strata. There are seven men still living at Barnstable who were in actual service in the war of '76, fifty years ago.. -The senate has adopted a resolution granting permission to the Washington Monument Association to place the statue of Washington in the Doric Hall of the state house.-The late John M'Lean bestowed upon the Mass. general hospital $95,871 66, which has been already received, and 25,000 dollars more after the death of his widow. In commemoration of this liberality, the trustees have conferred on the hospital for the insane of Charlestown, the uame of "the M'Lean Asylum.”- -The

creditors of the late Wm. Miller, near Boston, some time ago agreed to receive half their claims and grant full discharges. Although some years have elapsed, his widow the other day discharged the other half. A new route has been surveyed for a part of the road between Boston and Hartford, by which it appears that a large tract of hilly country may be avoided, and the travelling much facilitated, as not more than one mile will have a greater acclivity than three degrees.

--

-The U. States maintain 24 light-houses on the coast of Massachusetts; more than are to be found on any coast of the same extent in any other part of the world. A committee of the senate have reported that the number embarrasses navigation instead of facilitating it,

on account of the difficulty of discrimination.525 patients were received into the Massachusetts general hospital last year, of whom 372 were cured, 30 died; 70 surgical operations in the year. Many improvements have been made; expense $9942 10. In the asylum for the insane, 113 have been received, of whom 19 have recovered, 15 improved; expense $5,390. As persons are refused every week for want of room, a large addition is to be built to the institution at a cost of 30,000 dollars.The property of the city of Boston, in notes and bonds, is 326,214 dollars. The estimate of disposable property purchased by the city, since its charter, is 160,000 dollars. The total debt which the city owes, which is funded, amounts to 889.775 dollars. The amount of sales formerly the property of the town, $199.448.

Rhode Island-A noble elephant was shot on the 25th ult. passing through Chepatchet, Gloucester, by six malicious persons. They have since been apprehended, confessed their villainy, declaring that they were impelled by a curiosity to see how an elephant would die. He was estimated to be worth from 10 to 12 thousand dollars. They have been ordered to enter into a recognizance in the sum of $500 each. The reader will recollect what a military and scientific array was collected lately in London for the purpose of executing an elephant. This is the second animal of the sort, which has been assassinated in the eastern states -There are 43 banks in this state, whose stock paid in is $5,570,829.-A lace school has been established at Newport: the teacher acquired the art in Paris: after a few weeks practice under her care, each pupil may earn 2 or 3 dollars per week. The institution is highly recommended by the care with which it is conducted, and the help it may lend to every poor female to support herself.

Connecticut.-Petitions have been

presented with more than a thousand signatures for the repeal of the remnant of the old Blue Laws, which forbids theatrical amusements, &c. &c. But from the active exertions of those opposed to it, it is apprehended that the attempt will be defeated.A bill has been passed to raise $15.000 by way of lottery for the purpose of erec ing a monument on Groton Heights, where the brave Ledyard and his companions fell in the revolutionary war, beneath the treacherous blows of their own surrendered weapons.

-The present principal of the school fund is 1,749.434 dollars, and the interest due 116,288; the scholars from 4 to 16 about 85,000; there are 208 school societies, and 85 cents is the dividend for schooling each person. The legislature has passed an act to exempt females from imprisonment for debt.Topaz, found at Fairfield, proves to be very brilliant, and as handsome as that of Saxony or Brazil.

New York-The steamboat Codorus, Baltimore, has arrived at Owego and was hailed with enthusiasm: she is of cast iron, draws 8 inches only, but is able to stem the ordinary current of the Susquehanna at the rate of 5 miles an hour, and, by closing the valve, is forced up the rapids by the power of steam alone. She has set out for Chenango Point, and thence would return to Tioga Point, to attempt the ascent of the Chemung to Newtown.Between 6 and 7000 ship letters were lately received at New York in one afternoon, and mailed or delivered before 9 o'clock in the evening. the superintendant of

From the annual report of

common

schools, it appears there are 714 towns and wards in the state, of which 700 had made returns in conformity with law; that last year 425,350 children had been taught in the common schools, 22,410 more than the year before: there are 7,973 school districts, 131 new ones formed during the last year, and $182,790 paid out to them from the

state treasury; that the capital of the common school fund is $1.319,886, and annual revenue $81,815 41: the lands belonging to the fund are computed at 858,090 acres, and valued at 409,418-A law has been lately passed for the police of steamboats; when they meet, they are required to keep to the right; and when going the same may, not to approach nearer than 20 yards; to carry two or more lights at night.

-A fine schooner of about 50 tons is building on Chautauque Lake; to ply between Mayville and Jamestown; at an elevation of more than 700 feet above the level of Lake Erie! Among the articles of trade floated down the Great Canal were 16 canoes from Lake Ontario, firmly bound together with plank, in 2 strata of 8 each, the whole forming one floating mass, destined for onnecticut via New York.. -The Hudson and Delaware Canal employs 2500 men and 200 teams; and more wanted. They expect to complete it this season.

The proprietors of the Union Line, between Philadelphia and New York, have reduced the fare to two dollars by the steamboat Emerald, to and from Philadelphia. A few years ago the fare from New York to Washington City was twenty-four dollars-now, by the steamboats and stages, it is only nine dollars From the city of New York to Buffalo, a distance of 450 miles, the fare is reduced to twelve dollars.

-A company have recently established, near Waterford, on an extensive scale, a factory for the manufacture of linens They offer 1000 dollars for the best models of machinery to be used in the manufacture of the raw material, 700 for the second best, 500 for the third; and 250 for the best essay on the different processes by which the cloth is to be perfected. It is said to be the only linen factory in the United States, except perhaps a small one near Patterson, New Jersey. The loan for 150,000 dollars negociated on the 14th by the

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