relative to Dr. Blomfield; an instance of candor, of which we shall hail the imitation.

Munusculum Juventuti; seu Phædri Fabula Versibus Hexametris Concinnata; necnon specimina quædam solutæ orationis, non tam ad sensum earundem fabularum aperiendum, quam ad regulas linguæ Latinæ illustrandas, accommodata. Auctore Daniel French, Armig. Jureconsulto. Pr. 8s. To this we shall return.

Mr. Briggs, who is well known to scholars, by the emendations of Theocritus, which are subjoined to Mr. Gaisford's edition of that poet, has just published the Greek Bucolic Poets. We hope to give some account of this work.

Professor Gaisford has published a complete collection of the Scholia on Hesiod and Theocritus, forming the 3rd and 4th volumes of his edition of the Poeta Minores Græci. His Stobæus is in the press.

Aristophanis Nubes, fabula nobilissima, integrior edita auctore Carolo Reisigio Thuringio: accedit Syntagma Criticum cum additamentis et commentatio de vi et usu âv particulæ. Lipsia, 1820.

Aristophanis Pax, ex recensione G. Dindorfii. Lipsia, 1820. A sixth volume of Matthiæ's Euripides has just appeared, containing his notes upon the first four plays.

A Key to the Latin Language, embracing the double object of speedily qualifying students to turn Latin into English, and English into Latin: and peculiarly useful to young gentlemen, who have neglected or forgotten their juvenile instructions.

We have examined this elegant little work, and find more originality than is often found in similar elementary books.

An Introduction to Latin Construing; or, easy and progressive lessons for reading; to be used by the pupil as soon as the first declension has been committed to memory, adapted to the most popular grammars, but more particularly to that used in the college at Eton; and designed to illustrate the inflection of the declinable parts of speech, the rules for gender, for the preterperfect tense, and of Syntax; having the quantity of the words marked, and accompanied with questions, to which are added some plain rules for construing. By J. Bosworth.

Latin Construing: or, easy and progressive lessons from Classical authors; with rules for translating Latin into English, designed to teach the analysis of simple and compound sentences, and the method of Construing Eutropius, and Nepos, as well as the higher Classics, without the help of an English translation; intended for the use of junior classes in schools, and of those who have not the advantage of regular instruction, for whom the quantity of those syllables, on which the pronunciation depends, is marked; to which is added, a full account of the Roman calendar, with rules for reducing the English to the Roman time, and the Roman to the English.

These two little volumes are calculated to introduce the pupil to Latin construction, according to the rules of Syntax, as given in the Eton, Valpy's and Ruddiman's Grammars.

An Enquiry into the doctrines of Necessity and Predestination, &c. by E. COPLESTON, D. D. Provost of Oriel, Oxford. Iliacos intra muros peccatur et ultra.

Dr. Copleston is the able defender, and one of the brightest ornaments, of the University of Oxford. In this work he has shown his orthodoxy in religious, and his sagacity in metaphysical, discussion. But he will acquire strong claims to the gratitude of disputants on all subjects, if he executes the plan mentioned in his Preface,-an attempt to prevent the equivocal use of words. If this were done with respect to the terms most commonly employed in abstract reasoning, "it would tend" to use his words, "to abridge many a useless, and to settle many a mischievous, controversy. It is the key to a thousand errors, which have abused mankind under the false name of philosophy; and nothing would tend more to the advancement of knowledge, than such an enquiry into the use of words; because the same vigor of mind, which is now often strained and baffled in contending with imaginary difficulties, would then be exerted in a right direction, or at least would not be spent in vain. Something of this kind I hope hereafter to be able to execute, not however without apprehension of incurring the displeasure of those, who, if my speculations are well founded, will appear to have lost their time in logomachy, and to have wasted their strength in endeavouring to grasp a phantom, or in fighting the air."

As a specimen of the author's manner of arguing and writing on the subject, we extract the following passage:

"The doctrine of fate and predestination was strenuously maintained by the Stoical School, and we collect from Cicero, in his treatise De Fato, what the knot was which tied them down to such unnatural opinions. Every proposition, they said, is either true or false. This is essential to a proposition, and it is universally admitted. Although, therefore, I may not know which it is, yet that it is one or the other, and that it is so at the time it is uttered, is certain; and my ignorance does not at all affect the certainty of the proposition. Suppose then I say, "such an event will happen next year." It is at this moment either true or false, because the proposition is now, and when the thing happens, the truth, which lay hid in the proposition before, is only made apparent then; its nature is not altered. This they called a demonstration, and thought that nobody could deny it, who was not prepared to deny the premise "that every proposition is either true or false." But it is in fact an abuse of the word true-the precise meaning of which is "id quod res est." An assertion respecting the future, therefore, is neither true nor false. And if they press us still further with the nature of proposition, we have only to reply, that it is not a proposition in that. sense of the word proposition above explained, and thus their whole argument falls to the ground. Frivolous as the example appears when exhibited in the simple form, yet whole volumes of perplexing metaphysics have been spun out of these flimsy materials."

"The equivocal sense of the word true is combined with another error that runs through all the reasoning in that treatise, whether the speaker be Epicurean or Stoic. There is a confusion of words with things; physical cause is confounded with logical reason; truth with reality; certainty of the mind with certainty of the object. When these equivocations are detected and removed, the whole dispute vanishes into empty air."

Pindari Carmina recensuit, metra constituit, lectionisque varietatem adjecit Ch. Guil. AHLWARDT. Editio minor in usum Prælectionum Acad. et Schol. Lips. Hahn. 1820.

This edition, with respect to the metrical arrangement, is founded on the following canon, which is laid down in the Preface: "Poëtis Græcis dividere vocabulum inter duos versus non licuisse, et quemque versum integro vocabulo coeptum clausumque fuisse." This discovery the learned editor first announced to the literary world in the year 1801, and therefore with justice disputes the palm with Professor Boeckh, who in 1808 published it as the result of his own investigations. With

respect to the accuracy, however, of this axiom, we quote the following observations from the Preface to Matthiæ's Euripides: "Levius est, nec tamen prætereundum, quod Ahlwardtius et Boeckhius monuerunt, nusquam versum finiri, nisi finito etiam vocabulo, nec unquam verbum in duos versus distribuendum esse. Qua in re pergratum mihi accidit, quod, quibus argumentis ego hanc sententiam in litteris ad Hermannum datis impugnaveram, ea hujus viri rei metricæ et scenicæ Græcorum longe peritissimi assensu et suffragio comprobari, e præfatione ejus, Herculi fur. præmissa p. ix. sqq. intellexi. Igitur sententiani illam jam satis ab Hermanno refutatam esse puto, quod, in tragicis certe, concessit nuper ipse Boeckhius Præf, ad Pindar. p. xxx. in Pindaro aliam rem esse contendens. Et de Pindaro quidem nunc non disputo: hoc tantum addo, non plus offensionis habere unius verbi in duos versus distributionem, quam sensus, ut ita dicam, distractionem eam, qua in priori versu articulus, præpositio vel alia particula cum sequentibus arcte copulata, in altero nomen vel verbum positum legitur, qualia multa occurrunt in Boëckhii Pindaro, ut in Olymp. 2, 99. 6, 17. 53. 9, 19. 47. 70. 10, 19. 11, 21. 14, 1. 5. Nam, sive versu finito finiri etiam numerum existimes, absurdum est, verborum compagem cum numeri natura pugnare; sive, id quod verius est, numeros continuari statuas, et hanc ob causam v. c. articulus in altera numerorum parte poni, in altera nomen sine offensione potest, quid impedit, quominus etiam verba in duos versus divisa esse dicamus, quæ pronuntiando non magis divellebantur ?"

For ourselves we can only add:

Non nostrum inter vos tantas componere lites.

M. Tullii Ciceronis Libri tres de Natura Deorum ex recensione J. A. Ernesti et cum omnium Eruditorum notis, quas Jo. Davisii editio ultima habet. Accedit Apparatus Criticus ex xx. amplius codicibus Mss. nondum collatis digestus a G. H. MOSERO, Philos. D. et in Gymnasio Ulmensi Professore, qui idem suam annotationem interposuit. Copias criticas congessit, Danielis Wyttenbachii selecta Scholarum suasque Animadversiones adjecit Fr. Creuzer, Theol. ac Philos. D. et Literar. in Acad. Heidelb. Professor. Lipsia, 1818. In Bibliopolio Hahniano. The title-page to this truly elaborate edition, sufficiently explains its merits and utility. In addition to the materials detailed in it, are subjoined, Insigniores aliquot Lectiones ex Schützi Ciceronis Operum Editione (T. xv. Lips. 1816.) enotatæ ;"" Excerpta maximam partem critica ex Animadversioni

bus F. A. Wolfii ex familiari interpretatione Ciceronis de Natura Deorum ad L. 1. c. 1—10. editis in Libro, qui inscribitur: Litterarische Analekten, Herausg. v. F. A. W. 11. p. 277-320.;” and two Indices, one rerum et verborum, quæ in notis explicantur, the other auctorum, qui in notis, maximam partem a Davisio, emendantur, tentantur, vindicantur. The Schola of Wyttenbach are extremely valuable, and would singly constitute a very useful and compendious edition of these three books de Natura Deorum for the higher classes of our public schools.

Eclaircissemens historiques, sur le Papyrus Grec trouvé en Egypte, et connu sous le nom de contrat de Ptolémaïs; par M. Champollion Figeac. Paris 1821.

Io. Nicol. Secundi Hayani Opera omnia, emendatius et cum notis adhuc ineditis P. Burmanni Secundi denuo edita cura P. Bosscha Litt. humm. in illustri Daventr. Athenæo professore. Leyden. 2. 8vo. 1821.

Domine salvum: prière pour les Grecs; musique d'un Gree [M. Nicolopoulos de Smyrne], arrangée à trois voix par M. Berton. Paris fol.

Systême perfectionné de Conjugaison des Verbes. Grecs, présenté dans une suite de tableaux paradigmatiques, par D. Fréd. Thiersch, prof. au Lycée de Munich; traduit de l'Allemand par F. M. C. Jourda, D. M. P. Paris 1821. fol.

De l'Origine de la Crémation, ou de l'usage de brûler les corps: Dissertation traduite de l'Anglais de Mr. Jamieson par A. M. H. B ****. [Boulard.] Paris 1821. 8vo.

̓Αριστοτέλους Πολιτικῶν τὰ σωζόμενα, ἐκδιδόντος καὶ διορθοῦντος Α. Κ. [the celebrated Adamantius Coray.] φιλοτίμῳ δαπάνῃ τῶν ὁμογενῶν ἐπ' ἀγαθῷ τῆς ̔Ελλάδος. Paris 1821. 8vo. (Extensive and very interesting Prolegomena are prefixed.)

Les Oiseaux et les Fleurs, Allégories Morales d'Azz-Eddin Elmocaddessi, publiées en Arabe, avec une traduction et des notes par M. Garcin, Paris. Imprimerie Royale. 1821.

Erklärung einer Ægyptischen Vakunde auf Papyrus in Griechischer Cursivschrift vom jahre 104. vor der Christichen Zeitrechnung, in der öffentlichen Sitzung der Königl. Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschuften den 24. jan. Vorgelessen von August Boëckh. &c. Berlin 1821. 4to.

Index Lectionum quæ in Universitate Literaria Berolinensi per semestre æstivum instituentur. Berol. 1821. 4to. (To this VOL. XXIV. Cl. Jl. NO. XLVIII.

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