money to circulate in the distant parts of the kingdom; and, indeed, in all the counties, still, according to your first measure, the Bank of England is compelled to pay in gold upon demand. Therefore, though the latter measure has rendered the revolution in property somewhat slower, still that revolution is going on; still the tax-gatherer continues to come and take from the other classes, by degrees, that money which he carries to the Fundholders and the Pensioners; and with that money

You have seen your danger, when it became too late to see it. In 1819 you passed a bill, for the express purpose of causing gold and silver to return to supply the the Fundholders and the Pensionplace of paper-money. Terrified ers come at last and purchase the at the ruin to landlords, to farmers, estates. to all the industrious classes; ter

From these causes, have prorified at the revolution in property ceeded effects such as, I believe, which this measure was causing never were witnessed before in to take place; terrified at the ef- the world. Where you got posfects of a transfer of property from session of effrontery sufficient to all the other classes into the hands enable you to assert the other day of Jews and Jobbers; terrified at at Plymouth, that this country is this, you have endeavoured to ar- in a state of prosperity; whence rest the progress of the revolution, you derived this effrontery; wheby another bill, repealing the for-ther it be natural or acquired is mer bill in a material part, and not for me to say; but that it is causing paper-money to circulate without a parallel I venture to still, instead of returning to the assert. If this country be in a use of gold and silver as was state of prosperity, what are the enacted by the former bill. signs of prosperity? In Great

But, though this continuation of Britain rents falling one half in the paper-money system, has miti-amount; Gentlemen driven from gated the effects of your former their country-houses, their famimeasure; though it causes paper-lies and themselves reduced to

beggary, and their estates passing tors in the County of Cork alone.

But, do you not blush, Sir, to talk of the prosperity of the country; do you not blush to make use of this word as applicable to this kingdom, at a time when you know that the poor miserable wretches of labourers, are, in many cases, receiving only ten-pence, or twenty French sous, a-day, to maintain a man, his wife and three children; that is to say, hardly the price of a pound of bread aday for each, with nothing for drink, fireing, clothing, house or bedding? Are you not ashamed

into the hands of Jews; a full third part of all the gentlemen of the country actually driven from their estates already, and a large part of the remainder only remaining in their houses, until the law shall have put the new masters in possession. Farmers are that class of persons who have been always looked upon as not at all liable to those vicissitudes to which merchants and traders are exposed. This class of men, of means formerly as firm as the ground which they till; this class of men has been, in considerable portion, to make use of the word prospebroken up and brought to begrity, while it is notorious that we gary. Hundreds of thousands of are living in this state of things? families, who never expected to be brought within the reach of want, have been reduced to live documents? Have they not all on alms. This is absolutely a been stated in Reports to the ParNation of ruined men: in the liament? Can I, or can any other nineteen days which have passed man exaggerate, when it has been of this instant month of November; stated in Reports to the Parliain these nineteen days upwards ment itself, that a large part of of six hundred men have surren- the people, or a very large part of dered themselves as insolvent Deb- all the labouring classes in the tors. In England alone, exclu-kingdom are suffering from hunger sive of Scotland and Ireland. and nakedness; and when it is noMore than four hundred of these torious, that, but a few months ago, have been farmers; and as to Ire-the people of whole parishes reland: the Dublin newpapers in-ceived the extreme unction from formed us the other day, that up- the hands of their parish priest /wards of three hundred farmers as a preparation for that death, have been declared insolvent deb-which was approaching them from

Are these inventions of mine? Are not the facts stated in official

want of food? Can any man ex-|lection of tithes; do you think aggerate when this is an undeni- that these things can take place;

able fact? And yet, while all this is perfectly notorious, and while such is the distress, the misery and the raging hunger of the wretched labourers in England, that one third part of all the prisoners in all the gaols, consist of men put into those gaols for having killed or attempted to kill hares, pheasants or partridges; while there are, in all probability, from ten to fifteen hundred poor wretches of labourers, in gaol at this very moment for having killed or been in pursuit of these animals, driven thereto by irresistible hunger; while these things are notorious, you have been able to find the face to stand up in a company of Englishmen and to declare the country to be in a state of high prosperity!

and that a large part of the Irish people, can be kept by military force, shut up in their houses from sunset to sunrise: do you think that this eternal war can be going on, and the French Government know nothing at all about the matter? If you did believe this before, you cannot believe it now, instructed as you are, or ought to be, by the Oriflamme, and the Journal des Debats.

Such, then, is, Sir, a very feeble description of the state of this country. And is this a country, then, to go to war? You know well that it is not: you know well that war cannot be begun without a complete overthrow of this whole System of Government. As a preliminary step you must return to the debased paper-money; that would then blow up the funding system: and what is then to become of you and your Government? But, let us suppose, for argument's sake, that you were to be able, by some expedient or other, to fit out a fleet and to make a show for fight. And, let us suppose, too, that the Governments of France and Spain, sanctioned by the powers of Europe, for whose

What are we to call this but mere empty boasting, with a view of deceiving the world, and, particularly of deceiving the French Government? But, do you think that the French Government are thus to be deceived? Do you think that they do not know the state of this country? Do you think that Parson MORRITT and other parsons can employ soldiers to collect their tithes, that bloody sanction you applied, remember, battles can be fought in the col-(though I do not find that you

cajoling them over to your side, by calling them the "daughter" of Old Mother England; by prattling forth such stuff as you prat

obtained it!) for the seizing of forgotten, as yet, what sort of offithe pictures and statues in the cers and sailors those are. If y you Museums of Paris; let us suppose believe that the Americans will that, sanctioned by these powers, yield to your right of search; if the Kings of France and Spain you believe that they will side persevere. You are then at war with you to prevent the recoloniswith France and Spain; and then ing of the South American States: comes the grand question: Will if you believe either of these: if you be again suffered to exercise you believe yourself capable of the right of search? Mind, without exercising the right of search you are sure to be beaten! The commerce of France and Spain will be securely carried on in spite of tled forth at Liverpool the other you; or you will have to fight day; or by telling them that you with the United States of Ameri- are fighting against the "despots" ca, with Russia, with Prussia, of France and Spain, in favour of and, very likely, with Holland, a family of dear sister republics: who, doubtless, sighs for an op- if you believe, that you can, by portunity of getting back the such means, or by any other Cape and Ceylon. means, cajole the United States to take part with you in the war, or to submit to the right of search during such war: if you believe either of these, you are a man not to be argued with, but to be pitied.

War with these powers is sure to take place, if you attempt to enforce the right of search. The French and Spanish fleets, owing to the crippling which they got during the last war, and, more especially, in the death of the

Amongst the effects of war, ` royalist naval officers of France, under such circumstances, and would, doubtless, be found to be without any previous change of somewhat deficient in point of Government here, amongst these officers and of discipline. But effects, would, I verily believe, these powers have ships and all be an invasion of Ireland from the material for naval warfare, and the United States of America have officers and sailors; and you may, probably, have not quite

America; and I can assure you, Sir, that it was a question in Ame- rica, whether this should not be attempted, in the year 1814; and

I assure you further that my be- tries, to endeavour to prevail upon lief is, that it would have been them to acknowledge the indeattempted if the war had conti-pendence of Ireland and to send nued another year. I do assure her succours: nay, have such acyou that the Americans have not knowledgments been wanting, and forgotten the threat to depose have such succours been refused! JAMES MADISON. If France, If you make war for the indeSpain, America, and Russia, were pendence of Mexico, you will, at to affect to talk of the independ- any rate, be in no want of preceence of Ireland, should we not dent, as long as the expedition of make the very heavens ring with the "Jacobin" General HoCHE expressions of resentment? And shall make part of the history of yet, Sir, would this be much more Ireland! outrageous, than for us to talk Can you proceed, Sir, do not about acknowledging the inde-your cheeks burn as you read? pendence of Mexico; a country Do you remember with what vecontaining a population twice as hemence you and your satellites numerous as that of Ireland; a called for justice on those who had country as clearly owing allegiance invited the invasion of HoCHE? to the King of Spain as Ireland And will you land an army in owes allegiance to our King. Ours Mexico or Venezuela; will you is the King of the United King-assist the revolters there against dom of Great Britain and Ireland; their Sovereign, without first begand FERDINAND is the King of ging pardon of God and man for Spain and the Indies. Our King your censures on those who, for sends a Viceroy to Ireland: the having invited the "Jacobin" inKing of Spain sends a Viccroy vasion of Ireland, expired on the to Mexico. It is true that some scaffold or the gallows? persons in Mexico have raised up commotion against their King, and have sent agents to get themselves acknowledged and to get succours from foreign States; but have there been, and are there, wanting commotions in Ireland! And have there been wanting the congress of Verona, there Irishmen to go to foreign coun- have been incessant proofs of your

In conclusion, let me observe to you (and I do it as a friend), that the vapourings of yourself and of your newspapers, will deceive nobody except those who wish to be deceived. In the whole of your conduct, since the first mention of