unexampled honesty and integrity in the sta

tion he filled.

At Dumfries, Mr. William Brand, teller of the bank of Scotland's office there.

At Huntly, Mr Alexander Thomson,

surgeon.

At Bank-house, Lady Ogilvy.

At Ierwick, Shetland, Charlotte F. Macdonell, only daughter of Capt. J. M. 6th R V.B.

At Kirkcudbright, Mary, eldest daughter of the late James Dalyell, esq. of Barner

ash.

At New Mains, Inchinan, Mr. John Smith, wood-merchant.

At his house, Drumsheugh, Francis Earl of Moray.

At Inverness, Simon Fraser, esq. of Farraline.

IRELAND.

At his seat, Patna, in the county of Cork, Edward Heard, esq. eldest son of the late Bickford H. esq of the same county. He was formerly a major in the service of the East India Company on the Bengal establishment, and particularly distinguished himself on the staff of General Goddard, in the reduction e. the province of Guz fat: preferring heroic fame to the accumulation of wealth, he derived nothing but his laurels from the service, and returned to his hereditary estate in the evening of his life, universally esteemed and respected.

DEATHS ABROAD.

Died.] At Madras, Henry Inman, esq. after a residence of only a few days, having arrived in his Majesty's ship Clorinde, to fill the important situation of naval comniissioner at this presidency and its dependencies. As an officer it had been his fa: to encounter some of the severest trials to which the human mind, and character, can be exposed; but which only served to show how well quali fied he was to combat and surmount them. He eminently distinguished himself on a variety of occasions, and among the rest at Copenhagen, where he merited, and obtained, the warmest commendation from the immortal Nelson: he was, without solicitation, nominated to the high office he was appointed. to fill in India, and it was not without reluctance that he was induced to proceed, but was ultimately determined by the feelings of a husband and a father. In private life he was not less beloved for his amiable and entertaining qualities, than he was honoured and respected for the discharge of his public duties. In him the gentlest manners were united with the firmest mind. The writer of this slight tribute to his memory, regrets from not being more intimately acquainted with the particulars of his life, his inability to do more ample justice to his character.

On the 5th of June last, at Malta, in the

27th year of his age, Mr. Theodore Galton, second son of Samuel G. esq. of Duddestonhouse, near Birmingham. This gentleman went to Spain in November, 1808, induced by the impulse of a generous spirit to con template the exertions of a people struggling for their liberty. After witnessing the accumulated disasters of the Spanish nation, he sailed up the Mediterranean, and travelled through Asia Minor, Constantinople, and the Grecian Archipelago. Amongst the latter he passed several months, regarding with the admiration and delight which springs from a cultivated and classical taste, those consecrated scenes of ancient genius. Returning from Smyrna to Malta, he was attacked on his arrival at the latter place by a typhus fever, which proved fatal, and he expired in the arms of his friend and travelling companion, Dr. Sacheverel Davin. Mr. Theodore Galton was of amiable and polished manners, and would have proved, had he lived, a manly and noble character. It is remarkable, that Dr. S. Davin is the only survivor of six travellers who sailed together from Falmouth in November. 1808; the other five having fallen victims to the fatigues and dangers of foreign climate.

At Venice, the French General Menou; celebrated in the campaign at Egypt. He appears to have been a favourite of Bonaparte; for he protected him on his return to France against all his officers, who attributed the necessity of evacuating that country to his mismanagement. Like his friend, Bonaparte, he changed his religion, married an Egyptian woman, wore the turban, and took the name of Abdallah Menou. Bonaparte made him a count, and governor of Venice, but never entrusted him with any military command, where active operations were going on.

in Portugal, the Hon. Capt. Stewart, se cond son of lord Londonderry, and brother to lord Castlereagh.

In his Majesty's service, Elisha Bell Venus, of North Shields, 22.

At Pictou, Nova Scotia, Hector Macneil, esq. late of Kingerloch.

At Senegal, Ensign John Hardy, 26, son of Mr. Hardy, of Oxford.

At the Naval Hospital, Jamaica, Lieut. John Love Hammick, of the Polyphemus,

23.

At Calcutta, on the 4th of February, sir Alexander Seton, of Abercorn, bart.

During the defence of Fort Matagorda, Cadiz, Major Lefevre, royal engineers, by a cannon-ball. By his death the army has lost a most intelligent officer. Upon every occasion in which his services were demanded, he evinced the utmost bravery and zeal; but it was chiefly at the battle of Maida that he displayed those qualities. The talents he manifested in a distinct command which was entrusted to him in that ever-memorable battle, entitled him to the honour of a medal, which was intended to be conferred only on officers of superior rank; but his claims were undeniable, and the reward which was due to his gallant exertions, was in justice granted, as a fair distinction which he had earned on that glorious day. The reputation he had acquired attracted the notice of his Majesty's government; and he was, with great propriety, selected as an officer in every respect qualified to give the Spaniards the aid of bis talents, and to obtain such intelligence respecting the state of things in Spain, as could be relied upon for the extent and the accuracy of its details. In the performance of both these services, he gave the utmost satisfaction. Major Lefevre may be truly said to have existed only for the service. His passion for the army predominated over every other, and almost every thought of his mind was concentrated in that single point. He at last fell a victim to his heroic gallantry. General Graham, who entertained. a just conception of his merit, had commanded him to bring off the detachment that had

so long and so bravely defended the fortress
of Matagorda. This fortress had been very
injudiciously dismantled in part, previous to
the arrival of the French. Sensible, too late,
of the importance of its position, as it com-
mands the entrance into the inner harbour,
it was resolved to defend it; principally with
a view to retard the approach of the French
towards Cadiz. The detachment employed,
for this purpose succeeded in keeping posses-
sion of the fort for about three weeks. The
French employed nearly fifteen days in con-
structing their batteries; and the first they
opened was at the distance of about 1200
yards. Their second battery opened at the
distance of about 800 yards: they succeeded
in making a breach, and it was their intention
to have stormed it. The little garrison had
suffered so much, having lost about half its
number in killed and wounded, that it be-
came necessary for the remainder to evacuate
the place. Major Lefevre recommended that
some gun-boats should be employed against
the French batteries, both to annoy the
enemy, and to divert their fire during the
evacuation. This, however, was unfortu-
nately omitted. The French, therefore,
still kept up a tremendous fire upon the fort.
The evacuation was effected in good order;
and Major Lefevre, continuing in it to the
last, was, at the moment of retiring from it,
struck between the shoulders by a 32-pound
shot, and instantly killed.

Lately, in the West Indies, in his 24th year, Mr. George Gould, surgeon, in the Royal Navy, and eldest son of Mr. Wm. G. of Blandford.

MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT.

BRITISH TRADE AND MANUFACTURES.-The consternation which has, for some time past, prevailed in the commercial world, is gradually subsiding; and we perceive, with no small pleasure, that the gazettes of the last month do not present us with such swollen catalogues of bankrupts as have lately alarmed the trading part of the community. In the provincial towns confidence appears to be on the revival, and the banking-houses which have "weathered the storm," are in as high credit as ever. The manufacturing interest has not received any melioration since our last, and in some towns, more especially Manchester and Birmingham, considerable distress still prevails among the working classes. Some consid-a rable failures in the West India line, have taken place at Liverpool; but these have long been anticipated, and it is hoped that they will not ultimately prove detrimental either to the provision dealers of Ireland, or the manufacturers of Lancashire and Staffordshire, who are the principal creditors of the defaulters alluded to.

EAST INDIES AND CHINA.-The Earl Howe, Lady Lushington, and Sir William PultBey, East Indiamen, from Bengal, and the Charles Grant, from Bombay, arrived within the current month. The cargoes of these vessels are well assorted, and consist of the following commodities: viz Bengal Piece Goods, 10,594 pieces of muflia; and 50,013 pieces of calico. Prohibited cottons, calicoes, and silks of sundry descriptions, 30,331 pieces. Com. pany's Drugs, &c. Sugar, 5,171 bags, saltpetre, 11,378 ditto. Raw silk, 766 biles, hemp, (on account of government) 1,149 ditto. Bamboo machinery, 2 boxes, and kemoo shells, 6 ditto. Privilege Drugs, &c. Indigo, 2,646 chests, cotton yarn, 78 bales; vermilion, 66 boxes; lac lake, 35 chests; talc, 4 ditto; sal ammoniac, 40 ditto; hemp, 2,441 bales; coffee, 540 bags; pepper, 4,579 ditto, and 1 box; camphor, 150 chests; cassia buds, 10 skins, and 15 chests; cassia lignea, 8 ditto; arrow-root, 21 ditto; drugs, 1 ditto; cotton, 120 bales ;

120 bales; long pepper, 7 bags; tortoise-shell, 4 chests; rhubarb, 58 ditto; raw silk, 56 bales; safflower, 153 chests; Cambry stones, 1 cask; castor-oil and dry ginger, 30 cases; piece goods, 18 bales; ditto, 3 chests; rice, 7 bags; stick lac, SO chests; hartall refined, 2 ditto; mother o'pearl-shells, 583 packages; cotton thread, 16 bales; gail nuts, 115 bags; shellac, 78 chests; bees' wax, 3 ditto; gum mastic, 1 ditto; ditto Arabic, 85 citto; ditto olibanum, 14 ditto; ditto animi, 8 ditto; ditto copal, 1 ditto; myrrh, 10 ditto; and Madeira wine, 137 pipes. Little, if any, alteration has taken place in the prices of oriental merchandise since our last. Singlo and twankay teas are higher; the market price varies from 3s. 6d to 3s. 10d.; bohea fetches from 1s. 9d. to 2s. 2d.; congou, Ss. 3d. to Ss. 7d. ; 'souchong, 3s. 74. to 4s 4d.; pekoe, 4s. to 4s. 6d; and fine hyson, 5s. 63. and upwards, per lb. Sugar has fallen; its prices now are from 31. 14s. to 41. 16s, per dwt. Cotton-wool,

1s. Sd. to 1s. 6d. per ib. Hemp, 501. to 601. per ton. Camphor, unrefined, 331. to 351, per cwt.; ginger, 31. 15s. to 4 guineas, per cwt.; gum Arabic, 21. 18s. to 5l. 18s. per cwt.; and ditto olibanum, 31. 5s. to 101. per lb. Madder roots, 51. 10s. to 61. per cwt. Indigo, according to colour, 6s to 15s. 9d.; and cochineal, 6s. to 8s. per lb.

WEST INDIES.-We have the satisfaction to announce the safe arrival of a large fleet from the Islands. The cargoes do not come to the best of markets, but if the old proverb be true, that when things come to the worst, they must mend," the holders of West India goods may indulge in hope. The raw sugar market is unusually flat at London. At Liverpool, however, good and fine sugars are in regular enquiry, and a few lots of very fine quality have lately gone off there at improved prices. Our prices are, for Antigua, Sl. 14s. to 4 guineas; Barbadoes and Tobago, 31. 15s. to 4 guineas. Dominica, Mentserrat, and St. Vincent's, 31. 15s. to 41. 6s.; Jamaica, 31. 16s. to 41. 5s. and Barbadoes, clayed, 41, 9s. to 51. 8s. per cwt. Rums are scarcely in demand; Jamaicas fetch, 4s. 4d. to 6s. 6d. and Leeward Islands, 3s. 10d. to 4s. 6d. per gallon. Jamaica mahogany, 1s. 6d. to 2s. 2d. per foot. The demand for dye-woods is become dull: Jamaica logwood, chipt, seils at prices from 301. to 321. per cwt. Jamaica fustick, 201. 103 to 20 guineas; and Cuba ditto, 241. to 261. per Cotton continues pretty steady both in the London and Liverpool markets; in the latter, 7000 bags of all sorts have been sold within the last week. The market prices at London are, Tobago and Barbadoes, 1s. 6d. to 13. 9d.; Jamaica, 1s. 5d. to 1s. 6d. ; and Grenada, 1s. 7d. to 1s. 101d. per lb.

ton.

NORTH AMERICA.-Our trade with this part of the globe is pretty steady; and, as the following quotations will evince, American commodities are well esteemed in the English markets: Georgia cotton brings from 1s. 2d. to 25.; New Orleans ditto, 1s. 34. to 1s. 6d.; Maryland Tobacco, 5d. to 16d.; and Virginia ditto, 6d. to 8 d. per lb. Tallow has been selling at an advanced price. Tar and turpentine are in brisk demand; the tormer fetches from 25s. to SOs. per barrel, and the latter from 18s. to a guinea, per cwt. Pitch, 13s. to 13s. 6d.; black rosin, 10s. to 12s.; and yellow ditto, 13s. to 153. per cwt. Oak, 41. to 181. 10s.; ditto plank, 111. 10s. to 151.; pine, 7). 10s. to 81. 125.; and ditto plank, 111. 10s. to 151. 10s. per last. Wax, 131. 5s. to 141. per cwt. Linseed, 41. 5s, to 41. 10s. per quarter; and Carolina rice, from 26s. to 28s. per cwt.

SOUTH AMERICA. The chief ports of South America are still glutted with British ma nufactured goods, and the only articles which find any sale in this part of the world are Irish provisions of every description. Under a commercial regulation adopted by the Junta of Cadiz, it is now permitted to export thence to South America silk and cotton manufactures in Spanish vessels, and for Spanish account. Before, silk could only be exported, if of foreign produce, with a certain proportion of the native silks; and cottons were wholly prohi bited. The following are our market prices of South American goods: Buenos Ayres hides, 7d. to 9d.; Guatimala indigo, s. 6d. to 16s.; Carraccus ditto, 8s, to 15s. 9d.; garbled cochineal, 11. 14s. to 11. 18s.; Brazil roll tobacco, 7d. to 8d.; ditto leaf, 5d. to 6d.; and Brazil cotton, 2s. 21d. to 2s. 6d. per lh.

BALTIC There have been considerable arrivals from this sea in several of our ports, par ticularly that of London, The cargoes of the vessels principally consisted of corn, of which there is now a large quantity in the market. By the letters which the vessels brought home, we learn that the ships detained in the ports of Prussia, on suspicion of being laden with English property, are likely to be released upon paying 50 per cent. We understand that government intends blockuding the Baltic, and that orders to that effect have actually been sent out to the admiral cominanding on the station; we trust that this report is not correct, as the adoption of such a measure would put many fair traders to infinite inconvenience.

FRANCE-In our last report we specified the terms upon which the French government was inclined to admit of a commercial intercourse between the two nations; we have now to state the conditions required by our lords of the council before they will grant licences to trade with France; All vessels not bearing the flag of France, may take exportable goods, cotton excepted, from Great Britain to that country; and in return shall be allowed to bring back grain, meal, flour, burr-stones, seeds, and olive oil. A vessel is atiowed to bring one-third of her cargo in wine, provided she shall have taken from this country British

manufactured

manufactured goods, together with sugar and coffee, which latter shall have constituted one-third of her tonnage; and provided also, that the two remaining thirds of the cargo ins ported from France, shall consist of corn and flour The vessels must first take up their cargoes in this country. These conditions are by no means unreasonable; yet still we fear that the French government will not countenance the trade upon such terms Claret retches from 921. to 1051. per hodgshead. Coniac brandy, 11. 3s. to 11. 4s 6d. per gallon. Capers, 10. to 141. 10s. per cwt.; and French plumbs, from 31. 128. to 61. 5s. per cwt. AFRICA.-The Loids Commissioners for Trade have been pleased to acquaint the merchants trading to the Mediterranean, that the government of Algiers have ceded to his Majesty, the extensive and fertile tract of territory on the African coast, betwixt and come prehending the settlements of La Calaland Bona; whence the French African Company, in their trade from Marseilles, have, till lately, derived essential advantages, during a period of above 100 years.

Current Prices of Shares in Docks, Navigable Canals, Bridges, Roads, Water Works, Institutions, and Fire and Life Insurance Offices, at the Office of Messrs. Wolfe and Co. No. 9, Change Alley, Cornhill, 21st September, 1810 Girana Junction Canal, 3001. share.. per Grand Union ditto, 31. per share premium.-Leicester and Northamptonshire Union dicto, 1121. per share.-Kennet and Avon ditto, 451 10s. ditto.-Wilts and Berks, ditto, 581. ditto.-Basingstoke ditto, 381. ditto.-Grand Western ditto, 41. per share premium. -Grand Surry ditto, 751. per share. Than.es and Medway ditto, 521. per share premium.-Croydon ditto, 401. per share. Huddersfield ditto, 391. ditto.-Rochdale ditto, 5.51. ditto.-Peak Fo rest ditto, 801. ditto.-Lancaster ditto, 281. ditto.-Ellesmere ditto, 761. ditto-Worcester and Birmingham, 51. per share premium.London Dock Stock, 1271. per cent.-West India ditto, 1661.ditto.-East India ditto, 1351. ditto -Commercial ditto, 901. per share premium. -Strand Bridge, 51. 10s: per share discount.-Vauxhall Bridge, 61. aitto.-Commercial Road, 1861. per cent.-Great Dover-street ditto, 91. per share premium-Highgate Archway ditto, 91. 93. ditto.-Croydon ditto, 301. per share. East London Water Works, 2131. per snare.— West Middlesex ditto, 1441 ditto.-South London ditto, 1271 ditto -York Buildings ditto, 471. per share premium.-Kent ditto, 521. 10s ditto.-Colchester ditto, 451. aitto-Grand Junction, 61. per share premium.-London Institution, 701. per share.-Auction Mart ditto. 70 guineas per share premium.-Globe Insurance Office, 1261. per share.-Imperial dito, 761. ditto. Albion ditto, 601. ditto.-Hope ditto, 41. 5s. ditto.-Eagle ditto, 41. 5s. ditto.Atlas ditto, 41. 5s. ditto.-Rock dit o, 22s. per share, premium

The average prices of Navigable Canal Property, Dock Stock, Fire office Shares, &c. in September, 1810, (to the 25th) at the Office of Mr. Scott, 28, New Bridge-street, London → Trent and Mersey or Grand Trunk Canal, dividing 401. per share clear per annum, 107ǝl. -Staffordshire and Worcestershire, 7491. 19s. dividing 401. nett per annum.-Swansea, 160l. to 1651.; the last dividend 81. per share.-Union, 1101.-Grand Union, 51. premium. -Thames and Medway, 52. 10s. premium.-Monmouthshire, 31 per share hal: yearly, 138 -Grand Junction, 2941. to 30: 1.-Kennet and Avon, 441. 10s. 431 Wilts and Berks, 581. to 601.-Huddersfield, 391. 10s-Rochdate, 551. to 561-Ellesmere, 751.-Lancaster, 281. -West India Dock Stock, 1661.-East India Dock, 1341.-London Dock, 1251. to 1971. —— Globe Assurance, 1261. per share.-Imperial Assurance, 761.-Atlas Assurance, par-East London Water Works, 2151.-West Middlesex, 140.-Kent Water-Works, 511. premium.

MONTHLY BOTANICAL REPORT.

WE have the satisfaction to announce to our readers the appearance of the first volume of the new edition of the Hortus Kewensis, by William Townsend Aiton, gardener to his Majesty. The work is offered to the King in a dedication, the only passage in which that we think it at all necessary to notice, is the following: "Anxious to emulate his father's industry, his son has never ceased to dedicate to the study of botany the hours of leisure al lowed to him by his horticultural duties; be also has received the learned aid to which bis father was so deeply indebted." The words which we have printed in italics form the only notice contained of any assistance that the reputed author has received. In like manner, in the former edition, his father in the dedication to the king, states that the composition of the book cost him a large portion of the leisure allowed by the daily duties of his station, during more than sixteen years: in all that time it has been thought worthy of the assistance of men more learned than himself." This assistance so slightly mentioned, was in the former edition, generally understood to include the whole of the scientific part of the work; all the specific characters, the collating the synonyms, the observations, the English naiges, the habitats, even the chronology or time of their introduction, being, we believe, justly attributed to the labours of the late Dr. Solander while he lived, and afterwards to those of Mr Dryander. To this batter gentleman, whose superior talents are so well known to the botanical world, is to be

attributed

attributed, if we have not been misinformed, all the scientific part of the present enlarged edi tion. We do not wish to say any thing in disparagement of the botanical knowledge of Mr. Aiton, we believe that he may have made as great progress in the acquirement of the science as his horticultural duties (more extensive, we understand than those of his father,) allowed him to attain; but whilst it is so noterious that all the science of the work is due to the Jabours of another man, we cannot perceive the justice or policy of keeping his name out of the view of the public. Should it be argued that Mr. Dryander chose to decline having his name appear as the author of a work, which however superior as the catalogue of a garden, may be supposed to be hardly adequate to his established reputation as a naturalist, yet one would suppose, that some regret would have been expressed at not being permitted to mention the name of the botanist to whose abilities so much was due

Useful and scientific as this work must appear, beyond any of the kind since the Hortus Cliffortianus of Linnæus, we do not doubt but that it would have been still much more perfect had the name of the real author been seen in the title-page. A man is not likely to take the same pains when he writes for another as when he feels his own reputation involved in the success. Much will be slurred over that required laborious investigation to bring it to that state of perfection which would satisfy the learned author, if he considered his fame at all at stake.

The plan of the work has been to follow the systematic arrangement as laid down in Will denow's edition of the Species Plantarum, and in general no synonym is repeated that has been quoted by him, unless as authority for the time in which the plant had been cultivated, except in a few instances where Willdenow may have quoted any of our modern periodical publications, all of which are professedly referred to, both for the sake of the English reader, for whose use the catalogue has been principally compiled, and to show to those foreigners into whose hands it may fall, that Englishmen have not of late years been inattentive to the advancement of their favourire study."

The work is professedly a compilation, but a compilation made under the eye of a master with a head and hand capable of supplying the desiderata, and knowing where to make an election. Thus, where any capable botanist has studied any particular branch of the science, his arrangement and characters have been in general adopted, so at the very outset of the work, in the class monandria and order monogynia, which contain the natural order of the scitamine, the dissertation on this order by the learned Mr. Roscoe of Liverpool, published in the eighth volume of the Transactions of the Linnæan Society, seems to be pretty generally followed.

We purpose, in a future Report, to give a further account of the novel matter contained in this valuable volume.

NATURALIST'S MONTHLY REPORT,

AUGUST.

Reaping Month.

Pour'd from the villages a numerous train

Now spreads o'er all the fields. In form'd array

The reapers move, nor shrink for heat or toil.

ON nearly every day from the 1st to the 16th of August, we have had rain; and from the 16th to the end of the month, the finest harvest weather imaginable. In the night of the 2d, there were several heavy showers; and in the night of the 12th, a tremendous storm

of wind and rain.

The prevailing quarters of the wind, have been north and west. It was in the south-west on the 3d, 4th, 6th, 7th, 10th, 11th, 22d, 26th, and 29th. There were strong gales on the 4th, 8th, 11th, 12th, and 15th.

In the evening of the 24th, there was a heavy fog; and in that of the 29th, we had thunder. Since the fine weather commenced, we have had lightning almost every night. During the latter fifteen days of the month, the weather has been very hot.

The flights of cross-bills, which have visited England this summer, are very remarkable. Many of these birds have been shot, and several caught in this neighbourhood. The keeper of a public-house, who has some apple-trees in his garden, missed, one morning, a great part of his fruit, and supposed that his garden had been robbed. He however soon found that a flock of cross-bills, which had their quarters in an adjacent plantation of fir trees, had been the depredators. By means of limed sticks, he caught some of them, and has them now in These birds are chiefly inhabitants of the forests of cages, where they seem perfectly tame. They are said to feed chiefly on the northern parts of Europe, and seldom visit our island. They bring into contact the seeds of the fir tree, which they thus extract from the husk.

the extremities of their crossed beak, and then inserting it into the cavity where the seed is deposited, suddenly cross it again; and in so doing, the seed is forced out.

August