the work and responsibility involved in teaching History and General Literature, we appointed him an acting Professor during the absence of Mr. Harkness, intending to make some permanent arrangement on this gentleman's return.

51. We have also to record the circumstance of our having filled up an appointment which had been vacant since the lamented death of Bál Gungadhar Shastri, viz. the assistant Professorship, to which we have nominated Dádábhái Naorozji, one of the most experienced as well as able men ever educated within the walls of the Institution. We have a strong hope that he will fill in a worthy manner the place of his esteemed predecessor. The distinction was conferred upon him in consideration of his great usefulness, as well as of the very high character he had long borne in the Institution. Every successive Professor had borne testimony to the extent of his acquirements, as well as to his zeal and energy; and we have had repeated opportunities of observing his devotion to the cause of native education. In thus marking our sense of his exertions, we venture to express a confident hope that Dádábhái Naorozji will continue his career with the same single-minded straight-forwardness of purpose which has hitherto characterised him. 52. We have now to notice an interesting feature in the proceedings of the past season, which was incidentally alluded to in our last report as being then under our consideration, viz., the extending to the sons of the richer classes of Natives the benefit of collegiate education, without insisting on the hard test required from endowed scholars in mathematics. The subject was brought forward by Professor Green with the following sound remarks:

Paying Students in the College Department.

"There is also a suggestion which I would beg to make, which appears to me to be of very considerable importance. It has always been a subject of lamentation that the richer classes of Natives show so little desire to avail themselves of the higher education which we offer them; that they are content to see their children acquire a mere smattering of English ; and that they do not appreciate any extensive course of study and intellectual train

ing. The indifference is possibly not quite so complete as has been imagined, and at all events, with the unmistakable evidences of a growing desire for knowledge which are continually offering themselves to us, we may fairly expect to see it rapidly diminish. In the mean time it might be worth considering whether we really have offered them all the facilities we suppose we have, and I think it may be shown that at least one very formidable barrier exists in the Institution which it would be worth while to remove. Our college course of mathematics, planned for a picked class of stipendiary students, paid to learn whatever we may think proper to teach them, and destined apparently to become teachers by profession, has (with perfect propriety, no doubt,) been made a very severe one. It has been gradually augmented in bulk and in difficulty, till we have latterly boasted, with some degree of truth, that it exceeds all but the courses gone through by candidates for the highest honors in the universities at home. Now, not only are our native gentry apt, too apt possibly, to put the old cui bono question on the subject, to have but very obscure notions of the services which the integral calculus is likely to afford their children in their future career in life, but even, with all the good will in the world in the matter, the course in question is for any but a picked class a sheer intellectual impossibility; and it is not easy to see why young men of average capacity should be denied access to our historians, poets, and essayists, and to a really competent knowledge of our language, because incapable of accomplishing these mathematical tours de force. I would respectfully propose, therefore, that while retaining our present course in all its integrity in the case of students holding scholarships, and therefore paid to learn, that young men willing on the contrary to pay a fee for the privilege of attending the courses in language, literature, and the natural sciences, be exempted from the necessity of preparing anything in mathematics beyond a sound knowledge of arithmetic for entrance, and perhaps a course of geometry, algebra, and the rudiments of plane trigonometry,-the course lately sanctioned for the entrance examination for stipendiary scholars, but which in this case should be spread over the four years through which the remaining studies extend. I greatly doubt, however, whether for the first few years even this amount of mathematics could be successfully enforced. Arrangements should also be made to give the students of this class a series of lectures on popular physics."

53. These views were not confined to Mr. Green, but were heartily concurred in by his colleagues at the Institution, and we, in consequence, adopted them unreservedly. A class of paying students was accordingly formed, the amount of fee being fixed experimentally at five Rupees a month. They are allowed to attend one or more of the courses, as may suit their views and their own opinion of what portion

they are prepared to profit by. They are not allowed to compete for prizes in any subject without attending at least three courses; and they are not allowed to compete for prizes in three subjects without attending all the four courses mentioned in para. 50. The number of these students is at present nine.

54. Another subject which has occupied our attention has been the Scholarship Rules. Scholarship Rules. Different circumstances gradually forced upon us the conviction that the time had arrived for modifying our existing rules. They were adopted at a period when the number of candidates for honors was very limited, and when, in consequence, a powerful inducement was necessary to keep students within the walls of the Institution. Scholarships were in consequence held for three years and upwards. But those days have passed away, and the number of successful candidates has become much larger than the number of scholarships available. Under these circumstances we highly approved of a suggestion of Mr. Green's, that the conditions under which scholarships were held should be modified so as to make a certain amount of industry indispensable to their retention from year to year, and that the qualifications should be decided by fixed rules. The whole subject has been much thought over and discussed, by the professors as well as by ourselves, and we have at last adopted the following rules in supercession of those from 95 to 109 in our printed Regulations.

SCHOLARSHIP RULES.

1. The endowed scholarships of the Elphinstone Institution are as follows: twenty-five Clare scholarships at Rs. 10 a month, twelve West scholarships at Rs. 15 a month, six 2nd Normal scholarships at Rs. 20 a month, and three 1st Normal scholarships at Rs. 30 a month. They are open to all natives of India who can pass the examination and produce the certificate required by the following

regulations, and who, on their first competition, do not exceed the age of twenty-one years.

2. Each scholarship is held for one year.

3. The scholarship examination takes place in the month of April in each year, commencing on the 10th of the month.

4. There shall be a class in the upper school of the Elphinstone Institution, consisting exclusively of pupils preparing for the College scholarship examinations.

5. A scheme of the examinations shall be forwarded to the Board of Education by the Principal and Council of Professors previously to the 20th of March in each year.

6. At the College entrance examination, 60 per cent. of the marks awarded to the paper and vivâ voce answering shall qualify for a Clare scholarship.

7. To obtain a scholarship of the higher grades of West, 2nd Normal, and 1st Normal successively, a candidate. must not have answered less than 60 per cent. of the questions submitted for such scholarships respectively. Answering 40 per cent. shall entitle a candidate to join the next higher class in their studies, but with a scholarship of the grade immediately below.

8. A candidate for a Clare scholarship, failing to answer

60 per cent. but answering 40 per cent., shall be allowed to compete at the next examination for either a Clare or West scholarship, attending in the interim, should he desire to do so, either the candidate class or the first year's class in the College, and being excused the payment of the usual fee.

9. A student shall in no case compete more than twice for a scholarship of the same grade.

10. At the termination of the four years' course, 60 per cent. of answering in the business of the fourth year shall entitle a 1st Normal to hold his scholarship a second year, or a scholar attached to the 1st Normal class to hold a first Normal scholarship for a year, in order, in each case, to

compete for one or both of the gold medals mentioned in the next rule.

11. All those who at the examination of the 1st Normal class answer 40 per cent. shall be allowed to compete for the following gold medals, to be given at the next ensuing scholarship examination, viz. a gold medal in mathematics and physical science, and one in literature and the moral and social sciences.

12. In awarding vacant scholarships, the claims of the qualified candidates in the higher class shall have precedence; ex. gr. scholars answering in the 2nd year's business 40 per cent., and therefore entitled to carry West scholarships up into the 2nd Normal class, should have the preference in the allotment of the West scholarships over scholars answering 60 per cent. in the 1st year's business.

13. The candidate for a Clare or 1st year's scholarship must present a certificate of good character from the heads of the school in which he has studied, and must satisfy the examiners of his possessing the requisite information on the following branches of study :

1st. He must be able to read both his vernacular and the English language with fluency and correctness, and explain the meaning of a passage selected from any of the books used in the school department of the Institution. 2nd. To correct obvious instances of false grammar in both languages, and to parse a passage in any of the class-books.

3rd. To translate into and from his vernacular language grammatically, and to write out these translations in a fair hand in both languages.

4th. He must know the geography of the four quarters of the globe, and the particular geography of India. 5th. In history the books in which he will be examined are as follows:

1. Marshman's History of India.