America Past, America Present: Genes and Languages in the Americas and BeyondColin Renfrew McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2000 - 175 Seiten Aspects of the prehistory of the Americas currently remain little understood, with suggested dates for the first human colonization varying widely between 40,000 and 14,000 years ago. In this volume, molecular geneticists and historical linguists debate the evidence for the first peopling of the Americas, and for the subsequent emergence of the remarkable genetic and linguistic diversity still seen among Native Americans to this day. Part I offers a general consideration of the theme of language distribution and genetic variation in human populations with emphasis on the population-specific polymorphism issue. In parts II and III linguistic variation in Native American populations and their accompanying molecular genetic variability are discussed by leading specialists. In the final part unanswered questions in historical linguistics are debated, including the macrofamily problem with particular reference to the postulated but contoversial Amerind family. |
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Seite 79
... haplogroups ' . The four haplogroups were termed A , B , C and D. Haplogroup A is defined by the Haelll site at np 663 , haplogroup B by the 9 - bp deletion , haplogroup C by the HincII site loss at np 13259 , and haplogroup D by the ...
... haplogroups ' . The four haplogroups were termed A , B , C and D. Haplogroup A is defined by the Haelll site at np 663 , haplogroup B by the 9 - bp deletion , haplogroup C by the HincII site loss at np 13259 , and haplogroup D by the ...
Seite 80
... haplogroup even when reversions and / or parallelisms affect one or more mutations in the motif ( Torroni et al ... haplogroup A. Moreover , it was observed that the amount of variation accumulated within Na - Dene haplogroup A was much ...
... haplogroup even when reversions and / or parallelisms affect one or more mutations in the motif ( Torroni et al ... haplogroup A. Moreover , it was observed that the amount of variation accumulated within Na - Dene haplogroup A was much ...
Seite 81
... haplogroup B. This scenario got support from the observation that the sequence divergence accumulated within Amerind haplogroup B ( 0.034 per cent ) was much lower than that observed within Amerind haplogroups A , C and D ( 0.075 per ...
... haplogroup B. This scenario got support from the observation that the sequence divergence accumulated within Amerind haplogroup B ( 0.034 per cent ) was much lower than that observed within Amerind haplogroups A , C and D ( 0.075 per ...
Inhalt
Chapter | 5 |
Native American Studies Linguistics Humboldt State University Arcata CA 95521 | 13 |
DAVID GOLDSTEIN | 31 |
Urheberrecht | |
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allele American Journal Amerind Amerindian ancestral Ashkenazic Asian Bandelt Biology C2 YanHap Catrimani Cavalli-Sforza cent chromosome cladistic classification cluster Cohanim comparative method consonants correspondences D.C. Wallace dialect communities differentiation discriminant analysis distribution Eastern Eskimo-Aleut estimate Eurasiatic Evolution founder effects Freq frequency gene flow genetic variation genome geographical Golla guages haplogroup haplogroup A mtDNAs historical linguistics Hokan Human Genetics HVRbase individuals isolates J.V. Neel Journal of Human Kaufman Kolman language communities language families Latin Levites macro-unit Macrofamily markers Merriwether microsatellite migration mitochondrial DNA modal haplotype molecular genetic mtDNA variation Na-Dene National Academy Native American Native American mtDNA North Nostratic Old Icelandic origin patterns Penutian phylum polymorphisms private polymorphisms PSPs reconstruction region relationships Renfrew RFLP Rothhammer Salzano samples Sanskrit Sephardic sequence shared SNPs sound change South America Surucucu T.G. Schurr tion Torroni tree tribal tribes UEP Group vowel wordlists World X6 and X7 Y chromosome Y-chromosome Yanomama villages