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Man,

With limbs all motionless, and cold, and wan,
His everlasting kingdom's chosen heir;

In p. 48 he quotes John Evelyn's statement, | The Almighty made, and called the creature that, at the sale of Lord Melford's effects at Whitehall in 1693, "Lord Godolphin bought the picture of the Boys, by Morillio the Spaniard, for eighty guineas." About the year 1760, the then Lord Godolphin took a fancy to a colt belonging to Mr. Leathes of Herringfleet Hall in Suffolk, which resembled his celebrated Arabian, and gave this very picture in exchange for it. The painting is now in Mr. J. F. Leathes' valuable gallery at Herringfleet. The signature "Morellio, which appears on the picture, is in curious accordance with Evelyn's orthography.

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It would not be consistent either with our
limits or with the intentions with which we
took up this subject, that we should enter
upon the history of the less known Spanish
painters; but, as a specimen of the anecdotes
which the industry of Mr. Stirling has enabled
him to collect, we may refer to the very inter-
esting and graphic account of the interview at
Barcelona between the emperor Charles V.
and Francisco de Holanda, which Mr. Stirling
has extracted in the artist's own words (p.
1344 et seq.). We have already mentioned
that our author is understood to have pub-
lished anonymously some poetry; and it would
not be fair to pass over in silence the careful
and elegant translations of various extracts in
verse which appear in these pages. Take, for
example, the following rendering of the intro-
duction to the didactic poem on painting, by
P. de Cespedes, p. 335:-
:-

Another world, embraced in briefer span,
His own eternal mind portraying there,

The image lay, till pure celestial air
Came breathing through its bosom from on high,
And woke the soul to immortality.
Around the graceful form a robe was thrown
Of curious woof, and delicately bright,
With colors manifold and mingled shown
Through the clear texture blushing into light,
Like flowers in beautiful confusion grown,
Where roses blend with lilies silver-white,
Or the pure grain of Indian ivory,
Suffused with Sidon's rich and regal dye.

It will be seen that our opinion of this work is a very favorable one. Where we have freely pointed out its faults of omission, we must be understood as expressly abstaining from any attempt to charge them upon the author. He was entitled to limit the field of his own operations. And though he has chosen to give us the annals rather than the philosophy of art, we must repeat our conviction that the work might easily have been more profound, but could not well have been more exhaustive of materials, or more pleasant in style. It is the duty of professional literature to bestow promptly the commendations which are due to those who are willing to spend a portion of their ample means and unfettered leisure, in doing a work which is too often left to the eager industry of poorer writers, whose daily bread is the first and last reward of their hasty compilations. Fraser's Magazine.

GERMAN PEOPLE'S LIBRARY.

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standing the immense increase of late in
years
the numbers of the publications professedly
addressed to them, it does not appear to us
that there are, in English literature, many
well adapted to the object aimed at.
haps a very simple explanation might be
found in the fact that, among us, a very large
proportion of the poor have not mastered the
art of reading sufficiently to avail themselves
scribers to cheap publications ostensibly ad-
of literature of any kind, and that the sub-
dressed to them, are really to be found
among the middle, and even the higher
of the middle classes, who take them for the
juvenile members of their families. It is a

:

trade, the cry of sympathy for the poor-exactly as in a different age they would have done that of "down with the rabble,”—their real purpose being, not to benefit the poor, but to gain customers to their shops; which may doubtless be a very legitimate object, but which it is ugly to have in view when we profess to be actuated by pure benevolence. To what extent their wares have found acceptance, we have no means of knowing; but it is certain that the poor at least are little likely to profit by writings whose main purpose seems to be, to teach them to throw wholly on others the responsibility that belongs, in great part at least, to themselves.

great mistake, however, to confound the state | of mind of the uneducated with that of children. A poor man may be ignorant, stupid, mentally degraded, but he is seldom or never childish, and often looks down with real contempt on the childish frivolity of the sons and daughters of fashion. Those who have been always cradled in the lap of prosperity, oftenin spite of a certain amount of intellectual culture remain children all their lives. But this can scarcely happen with such as have to fight the world's hard fight for bread. To them life has acquired a deeper, sterner significance and they seek in books for something better or worse, but altogether different from the mere aimless sports of infancy. The ballads and tales of wonder that once formed so large a part of popular literature, written or traditional, went out with the maypoles; they are now banished to the nursery, and would be angrily rejected by the classes who once delighted in them. It may have been otherwise in different ages. As long as for the difficulties that arise in all thoughtful minds the poor man was satisfied without the authorized solution; so long as he reposed in childlike dependence on those who were placed in authority over him; he may have had leisure and freedom of mind for the enjoyment of the mere play of the imagination; but now it is otherwise: the most steady readers among the poor seek in books for the answers to the anxious questionings which they no longer carry to their "spiritual pastors and masters; and such as require mere amusement, prefer, generally, the coarse excitement and intoxication of novels of the Balzac and Sue School,-of which, unhappily, many have been made accessible to them through the medium of cheap translations.

Of the various associations which in England have undertaken to furnish literature for the poor, some have confined themselves almost wholly to the subject of religion; but the manner in which they have treated it, has made it evident to the smallest penetration that the object they had really most at heart was the preservation of the existing order of things, in which they were personally interested; others have wholly omitted religion and politics-the two subjects in which the poor are most deeply interested, and have set about the difficult, if not hopeless task, of engaging their attention to subjects of physical science, and even of the fine arts, for which but a small number even of the educated have a genuine and unaffected taste.

Among individuals who profess to have devoted themselves to this cause, there are now many who have taken up, as a matter of

Berthold Auerbach, and Jeremias Gotthelf are not of the class of writers for the poor who purchase their favor with the honied poison of flattery, as base as was ever proffered to monarch by cringing courtier; and that their writings have nevertheless found acceptance is obvious, from their almost unprecedented rapidity of sale; and from their being found, as we are informed they are, in the peasant's cottage, in the workshop of the artizan, and even with the shepherd on the hillside. The " Allgemeine Deutsche Bibliothek," is a serial publication lately commenced by some distinguished men belonging to various classes of society and political parties widely differing from each other, yet all agreeing in the wish to see the elementary education received by nearly all their poorer countrymen turned to somewhat better account. Several extensive publishing houses in various parts of Germany have joined the association, and notwithstanding the extremely low price at which they are to be issued, it is the declared intention to publish none but works of high merit. Their first publication "Kathi, the Grandmother," is by Jeremias Gotthelf, (otherwise Herr Vizius of of Luzelflue, in the canton of Bern), some of whose former works we have deemed worthy of an introduction to English readers. Though writing professedly with a moral purpose, the author has not forgotten that this can only be attained by a work of fiction through the medium of the pleasure it affords. It is difficult, indeed, to calculate the amount of mischief done to the cause of morality and religion by the prosy twaddling productions that often find their way into the world under the shelter of those high-sounding titles; and which associate them inseparably, in the minds of the young and ignorant, with feelings of weariness and disgust. The story before us is of a lowly Swiss peasant woman; a beautiful example of the charity that "hopeth all things, endureth all things, seeketh not its own; the simple events of her life give the author

and

opportunities for affording us pleasant glimpses also into the life and character, public and private, of the Swiss of the present day.

The moral purpose is not impertinently thrust forward; but shines through the whole with a clear radiance. Here is a peaceful little picture, on which in these days of turmoil, the eye willingly rests.

"Whoever should take his stand on a certain one of the pleasant hills encircling the valley of the Emma, will, when he has so far overcome the swelling rapture of emotion produced by the lovely prospect as to be enabled to observe details, perhaps notice, in a narrow dell, a cottage built of wood and thatched with straw. It lies so prettily in its green, grassy nook, that many a one, worn and harrassed with the cares of active life, has sighed as he gazed upon it, and longed to fly to it as to a haven of rest from the strife and tumult of the world. Whoever has felt such a wish, has certainly not felt inclined to withdraw it on a nearer view of the little dwelling. It is old, indeed, but very clean; and on each side it has a little bench to rest upon, and before it is a small garden, where, though the hedge is somewhat decayed, there is not a weed to be seen; and instead of weeds there are pinks and roses, and some other pretty flowers. And beyond the little garden rise the vast mountains of the Bernese Oberland, with their mighty foot upon the earth, and their white majestic heads in heaven.

"And if you sit down upon the little bench by the door, you have a beautiful meadow before your eyes, and at your feet flows a clear stream, from whose sparkling water the trout are leaping up to catch the flies.

had washed it every quarter of an hour, she would still have found plenty to wash. He was a pretty little fellow, with curly hair, who, it was easy to see, could do as he liked with his grandmother, and could, therefore, of course, if he liked, dirty his own face. It could not be said that he was well dressed-but, at all events, probably better than Eve's eldest son-though no one could have looked to his costume for any specimen of the tailor's art.

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He was at this moment engaged in cutting some splinters of wood for a hen-coop-and teasing his grandmother every minute to know whether it would be big enough. In the mean time, the black and white hens were keeping, in a very friendly manner, close to the old woman. who, in the hoeing up of the weeds, furnished them with many a delicate morsel. Sometimes one or other of them would walk up to the boy, and, with head on one side, look knowingly on, as if examining his work. The old woman, too, often looked at him with evident satisfaction, but without letting her hoe rest a moment-for she could use her eyes and her hands at the same time, which many a one cannot. Nay, it seemed as if every time her eyes returned from the boy, that the hands acquired fresh strength, and moved more nimbly than ever. The grandmother was not merely fond of the boy - but lived in him ;-would, with joy, have given her life ten times a day for him. You could see that, if you watched her eyes as they rested on him.

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"It was a sultry afternoon, and black clouds were scattered here and there about the sky, like divisions of a grand army, waiting for the signal to form in order of battle. The heat did not, however, stop the old woman at her workher hoe did not often stand still while she gath"Some, perhaps, might prefer the view from ered breath. She knew how quickly time flies the back of the house a sort of rural pantry-how soon comes on the evening, and the and storehouse, planted with potatoes, and beans, night in which no man can work. and carrots, and cabbages, and turnips, and flax. Not far off is a thicket, from which rises the sweet song of birds of which it is a favorite resort. Even the nightingale, so rare in Switzerland, is heard here; and the rushing sound of a torrent behind the thicket, forms a low and monotonous bass to their melody. It is the wild Emme, to which the valley owes its origin, and which, from time to time, takes care to remind the dwellers in it that she is its mother, and, it must be owned, one somewhat violent and given

to anger.

"Whoever happened to be passing that way, on the afternoon of the 12th of June, 1845, would have seen, besides the cottage, its inhabitants, in the potato field behind.

"These inhabitants were - an old woman, a boy between four and five, and two hens, a black and a white one. The old woman, who was hoeing out the weeds from her potatoes, was poorly, but very neatly dressed, and her face was perfectly clean, even between the wrinkles. The boy's face was smooth, and of a pretty red and white, but by no means so clean as his grandmother's though that was no fault of hers, for she washed it often enough; but if she

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Many people take no care of their money till they have come nearly to the end of it; and others do just the same with their time. Their best days they throw away-let them run like sand through their fingers-as long as they think they still have an almost countless number of them to spend; but when they find their days flowing rapidly away, so that at last they have very few left-then they will all at once make a very wise use of them: but unluckily they have by that time no notion how to do it.

"This had not been the way with grandmother Katie; she had toiled faithfully all her life, but became, if possible, still more industrious as she grew old; and to-day she was especially busy, for she had a job which she must get through: she did not know whether she would have time to-morrow, or how long it would be before the threatening storm came on.

"She could not help rejoicing in her heart, when people said 'Katie was the most industrious woman in the valley;' -'she had done her work when other people had hardly begun;'-'if all the poor people were like her, the houses of correction would n't be so full ;'and so on.

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"At length the last row of potatoes was clean hoed. Thank God, we've done with that job,' said Katie to her grandson, as she carefully scraped and cleaned away the mould that was sticking to the hoe; now, dear, we'll go in; but first we must have a look at the flax, to see whether it'll soon blow.' The flax was not very far off, for it was separated from the potatoes by two rows of beans, and, as may be imag ined, it did not cover any great extent of ground; but it was, nevertheless, the treasury of the old woman, and gave her the best part of her rent. No field of flax could possibly be better kept than her little plot, which had also the advantage of a very favorable soil - a fine sandy loam, watered by the Emme. Katie was famous for her flax; and it did her heart good when she heard neighbors say that she had the finest boy and the finest flax in all the country round. This time she contemplated, with particular complacency, her little plantation; and said to herself, Please God I shall have a good year, and need n't be afraid but I shall be able to get on and pay my rent, and have plenty for us to eat, too.' And the little plot really looked uncommonly well. The flax stood at least two ells high; though it was not yet in blossom it was thick and fine, and stood straight upright in its net, that is to say, between the threads which passed and crossed from sticks standing upright at about a foot from each other, -no one the tenth of an inch more or less. These threads formed little squares and triangles, in which the flax found support, so that the wind could not lay it down or entangle it; by which, as is well known, the flax is weakened, becomes thin and poor, and often diseased. Katie reckoned the produce in her head as she went home, calculated how much she would have to pay, and what would be the balance left."

to be frequently called out on military duty, afford him not an unwelcome pretext for leaving the care of his child-the curly-headed mother. But Johannes liked shouldering the darling aforesaid - wholly to his poor old musket much better than following the plough.

disant patriots will play with the militia as if "It is cruel to think how politicians and soiall times of the year, for anything and nothing, they were leaden soldiers, calling them out at but some party intrigue; forcing them to neglect most necessary work, and to leave their wives and children to hunger and cold; and while they are feasting their partisans with Strasburg patties and champagne, the little households are going to ruin."

The visit of the son to his mother is characteristic of both. After he has been long looked for, and his mother has exhausted her invention in excuses to her neighbors for his nonappearance, she finds him one Sunday, on her return from the church, seated on the bench at her door.

"He was a fine-looking young man, but it ited by no means the heartfelt joy that shone on was a pity that his face at the meeting exhibthose of Katie and her grandson. There was a something in its expression that was hard to decipher-it might be embarrassment or discontent. He gave his mother a large bag, saying that was for her. You were always a good boy,' said Katie, 'but never mind me; do you see and take care of yourself.'

"You don't need to thank me,' said Johannes; it was the master's wife that sent it for you.'

"No! you do n't say so! Well, to be sure, What beautiful she must be a good woman. Katie's pears! and what's this wrapt up in paper? Bacon, I declare; and such a fine fat piecequite a picture. And to send this to me, that do n't even know her. You must be a great favorite with her, Johannes, or she would n't

Well content. But, alas! poor calculations were vain, her bright hopes destined to be sadly overcast. One of those storms, seen only in mountainous countries, accompanied by violent hail and flood, lays waste her little possessions; and after seventy years of cheerful, patient toil, and unremit ting frugality, she sees herself reduced to beggary, and forced to depend on the kindness and compassion of her neighbors; but her religious hope and faith are not to be shaken by elemental warfare, or the sufferings that may arise out of it; the rainbow still brightens the dark clouds.

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have done it.""

Johannes, however, will hear nothing of his being a favorite, or of his mistress's goodness, and pours out a whole torrent of grumblings, by which it appears that his lot in life is by no means equal to his deserts. In the mean time, Katie is exerting her utmost skill in cookery, to prepare him a magnificent banquet of fried potatoes, pancakes, and bacon, such as was seldom seen in her cottage; and after dinner comes the budget; and here the author takes occasion to touch on what we believe to be a common error in domestic education.

"In the higher classes of society, or even amongst what are called respectable families, there are always a hundred subjects that are not to be talked of before the children, who always remain in some measure strangers to the affairs of their own family, what they know

about them being often obtained from servants, | or in some irregular way; and thence arises that total want of sympathy with parents, that often makes one's blood run cold. In poor families this is often better managed; nothing is concealed from the child; indeed he is a witness of the most of what is done and suffered. He knows precisely the state of the financeswhether the rent has been paid or not- - if not, how much is wanting, and what chance there is of its being made up; what the father earns what the mother must spend what must be bought, and what sold. Sympathy arises out of this intimate knowledge; the child is no longer a mere parasite plant, but a living branch of the family, knowing and sharing in all its joys and When domestic affairs are concealed from the child, he grows up to be less the friend than the antagonist of his parents; and, let us not deny it, a bad conscience is often at the bottom of all this mystery-making; some family sins, or a false position towards the world, unsuitable to the real circumstances, and which there is not courage to alter."

sorrows.

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Katie's great trouble, now that her hopes of a good harvest are entirely destroyed, is how to make up her rent.

his money.

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"Not that the farmer (her landlord) was hard upon her,' she said, but he would have She had lived there forty years, it is true, and had never troubled him; but then he had to spend a great deal of money himself, and those who had to spend a great deal must, of course, see that they got what belonged to them. For the rest she was not afraid; there were always good people who were willing to help the poor; so that she need n't complain of her lot, or go about begging.'"

Johannes was not quite so hardened as not to feel something for his mother. At the moment, he was really sorry that he could not help her, but promised that he would do something very soon; that was, if the nobs did not

take it into their heads to call out the militia again, and send them scouring the country after the Jesuits, when there was n't a Jesuit to be found: but it was all the same to them. They could sit enjoying themselves, and did n't care if the poor had to be eating up all they had, and other people's into the bargain.

be cruel to 'em either. Don't forget that they are Christians, like ourselves; and if you should catch one, be sure you let him go again; but tell him to run away as fast as ever he can, and never come in your way again-you hear!'

"As for the religion, Johannes thought, there were many people who would n't have much more reason to fear than his mother for her money; but the fact was they wanted to get what they could for themselves, and we, poor fellows, have to bear all the loss. In Aargau there I lost my best shirt. I'd given it out to wash, when all of a sudden off we went. They promised to send it after me, but I never set eyes on it.'

"The government certainly ought to have given you another shirt,' said Katie; but who knows, perhaps they had n't any themselves, or, at any rate, not clean ones.'

-

"The Gevattersmann," (a word which we in its old sense of must translate by Gossip. friendly confidant) is a kind of People's Annual; in outward form a small pamphlet, and sold at the price of little more than sixpence, yet containing what might, perhaps, serve a working man with suggestions for thought in his leisure moments during a whole year. It does not affect to avoid politics, but touches, in homely and familiar style, generally in the form of comic apologue, on the most important political questions of the day; or gives old popular jokes, improved into a modern application, besides little essays on points of morals or education, or of domestic life. The longest is a tale of a tragic cast, called "A Battle for Life or Death," descriptive of the mental struggles of a peasant, who, steeped in povtremendous guilt, but gradually, by the most erty to the very lips, approaches the brink of natural means, works himself out of the Slough of Despond, and finds a refuge and a home in the far west. As, however, no sufficient idea could be given of this by a short extract, we prefer presenting The Gevattersmann in one of his more playful moods, in which he relates a passage in the history of the Palace Clock of Residenzlingen.

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"It is related of a certain savage tribe, that the chief, every morning before the sun arose, seized his lance and pointed out to the luminary the path he was to follow in his course through the day. Pointing to the east, he said, 'There, sun, thou shalt arise; and then, turning to the west, and there shalt thou set.' By this means he persuaded his warriors that he ruled the world; for the sun always followed the path which had been pointed out.

"Oh, as to these Jesuits,' said Katie, 'never mind if they send you ten times over. They must be shocking wicked people, almost like Satan himself. Wherever they come, I'm told, they take away people's religion, and their money into the bargain, if they have any. As for the money, they would n't find much to take "That was a piece of state-craft in the savwith me; but the religion! Oh! think, Johan-age chief; but in civilized countries, where nes, what would a poor woman like me do with- there are people who wear white gloves and gold out her religion? So if they send you out embroidered collars, things must be managed again after these Jesuits, fight 'em, Johannes, as more cleverly. long as you can stand over 'em; but then do n't

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The city and capital of Little Residenzlin

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