steam-engines and boilers; parts of which improvements are also applicable to other motive machinery. Sealed 18th July -6 months for inrolment. Joham Arnold Steinkamp, of Leicester-street, Leicester-square, Middlesex, Gent., for improvements in the manufacture of sugar from the cane, and in refining raw sugar. Sealed 18th July-6 months for inrolment. Chevalier Alexandre Edouard Le Molt, of Conduit-street, Middlesex, for certain improvements in apparatus for lighting by electricity; parts of which may be made use of in other applications of electricity. Sealed 20th July-6 months for inrol

ment.

David Napier and James Murdock Napier, both of York-road, Lambeth, Surrey, engineers, for improvements in mariners' compasses, also in barometers, and in certain other measuring instruments. Sealed 20th July-6 months for inrolment. William Thomas, of Cheapside, London, merchant, for improvements in the manufacture of stays, boots, and shoes; also in fastening and connecting fabrics and garments. Sealed 26th July-6 months for inrolment.

John King, foreman to Messrs. Shears and Sons, of Bankside, and Henry Medhurst, operative chemist to the said Messrs. Shears and Sons, for improvements in gas-meters. Sealed 26th July-6 months for inrolment.

Disclaimer and Amendment

OF PART OF AN INVENTION
MADE UNDER LORD BROUGHAM'S ACT.

Disclaimer, filed with the Clerk of the Patents for England, on the 17th July, 1848, to the specification of a patent granted to Samuel Cunliffe Lister, for "improvements in stopping railway trains and other carriages, and generally where a lifting power or pressure is required," bearing date at Westminster the 18th of January, 1848,-whereby he disclaims, in the title thereof, the words, " and other carriages, and generally where a lifting power or pressure is required."

CELESTIAL PHENOMENA FOR AUGUST, 1848.

1

21 4 8 Din

The Satellites are not visible until the 20th day of this month, Jupiter being too

near the Sun.

To GEORGE WINSLOW, now of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts and United States of America, merchant, but late of Burton Crescent, in the county of Middlesex, for an invention of improvements in machinery for manufacturing files and rasps,-being a communication.-[Sealed 3rd July, 1847.]

THIS invention consists in a peculiar arrangement or construction of mechanism for cutting or forming the teeth of files and rasps by the pressure of suitably formed chisels upon the file or rasp blank, instead of effecting the operation by a series of blows. The degree of pressure of the chisels is regulated to suit the varied thickness of the file or rasp, and thus a uniform and proper depth of cut is insured for all the teeth.

In Plate IV., fig. 1, represents the improved machine in plan view; fig. 2, is a side elevation of the same; fig. 3, is a vertical, central, and longitudinal section; fig. 4, is an elevation of the front end of the machine; and fig. 5, is a view of the back or rear end thereof, partly in section, the better to shew the construction of the various parts. A, is the framing of the machine, made of wood or other material of suitable strength to sustain the parts hereinafter described; B, is the

VOL. XXXIII.

K

main shaft, through which motion is communicated from any suitable motive power to the operative parts of the machine. This shaft is mounted in bearings at the front end of the machine, as shewn in fig. 4; and on its outer end a fly-wheel c, provided at its boss with a clutch-box, is mounted loosely. To the inner end of this shaft a circular disc or plate D, is keyed; and in this disc a long radial slot E, is formed, for the purpose of receiving a crank-pin F, which forms a coupling-joint between a connecting-rod or sweep &, and the disc D, and may be adjusted to any required radius of that disc, to alter the throw of the connecting-rod. This rod or sweep G, is also attached to an upright lever H, by an adjusting pin 1, which is capable of sliding in a slot K, made through the lever H;-the upper end of this lever is jointed to a sliding-carriage L, which is sustained and guided in its motions by a pair of horizontal rails м, M. Upon the top surface of the carriage L, a pair of V-grooves N, N, extend transversely, for the purpose of receiving between them two slides or rectangular pieces of metal o, o, which rest on the top surface of the carriage, and move backwards and forwards upon it. To these slides o, o, the toggle-joints or progressive levers P, P, are respectively connected by one end, in a manner which will admit of their moving horizontally. The other end of each of the said progressive levers P, P, is similarly jointed to the tail end of one of two long horizontal levers Q, Q, which are arranged as shewn in figs. 1, and 2, and move or play respectively on the fulcra or pins R, R, which are suitably and strongly connected to a horizontal bed-plate s, fastened to the top rails of the frame. T, T, are the chiselholders, which consist of curved pieces of metal, made respectively with jaws and other suitable appliances or contrivances for firmly holding two chisels u, u. These chiselholders are respectively jointed to the forward ends of the two levers a, a, by one of two small connecting bars v, v. The said curved chisel-holders are made to move towards and from one another; and for this purpose, as well as for setting them so that the angle of the plane of each chisel to its adjacent face of the file may be adjusted, or increased, or diminished, as circumstances may require-the chisel-holders

should move or play and be guided in their motions between such slides or contrivances as may be connected with or applied to the bed-plate s, in a manner suitable for allowing of their adjustment thereon and adaptation to the cutterholders, to ensure their proper action. w, is a long horizontal carriage or slide, which rests upon the bed-plate s, and is sustained by it in such a manner as to admit of its moving freely to and fro in a longitudinal direction. This carriage w, has an arch x, applied to it (as shewn in fig. 2,) to stiffen or strengthen it. The object of this carriage is to support the file blank during the operation of cutting the teeth on its two opposite sides. For this purpose it carries two puppets y, and z, or suitable contrivances for receiving and holding the file. The puppet y, has a socket made in it, to receive the shank of the file, which is secured therein by one or more screws a, a; the other puppet has a small centrepoint b, projecting from it,-the said point being made to enter an indentation or punch-hole, made in the small end of the file. These puppets should be so applied to their slide or carriage as to be capable of being moved laterally and horizontally, either in one direction or the opposite ;—the object of the same being to admit the file to accommodate itself in a proper manner to the cutters, or so that each cutter may operate to an equal depth, when both are forced against the file, so as to compress it between them, and by their pressure raise a tooth or make an indentation on two opposite sides of it. The carriage or slide w, should be moved inwards a short. distance, during each interval between any two successive closings of the cutters on the file. For this purpose a screw c, is provided, which is supported at its ends by bearings. applied to the main-framing a, and bed-piece s, as shewn at d, e. This screw is placed below the carriage w, and passes through, and works in, a projection f, extending down from the carriage, a female-screw being turned in the hollow of the projection f, to fit the thread of the male-screw c. The machinery by which the screw c, is revolved, or partially rcvolved, during certain intervals of time, is thus described: g, is a small ratchet-wheel, fixed on one end of the screw c, c, as shewn best at fig. 5; h, is a spur-wheel, mounted loosely