of the sanctuary. The abbey was | creased on the way to about seven thousurrounded by a vigilant guard, un- sand, courageously marched towards der the command of John Nesfield, London. Richard, at the head of thirwho cut off all supplies of food, and teen thousand men, met him in Bossearched all goers and comers. At worth-field. Lord Stanley, who secretly length the means of the Queen and the favoured Richmond, posted himself in a hospitality of the monks were all but situation equally couvenient for joining exhausted; but, although famine stared either army. Richard threatened to exthe fugitives in the face, the hapless ecute his son, whom he held as a hostElizabeth would not surrender until after age, if he did not join his ranks; but the usurper had solemnly sworn, before the threat was disregarded, and on the several lords and prelates, and the mayor morning of the twenty-second of August and aldermen, that he would treat the the trumpet sounded to battle. The Queen and her daughters with kindness, action commenced with a shower of arshield them from harm, settle a life an- rows, and soon the two ranks began to nuity upon the mother, of seven hundred close. Northumberland remained inmarks, allow each of the daughters two active at his post, but Stanley, profiting hundred, and marry them to none but by the occasion, joined the line of Richgentlemen. mond, and turned the fortune of the By the terms of her surrender, Eliza- day. In the meanwhile, Richard, mountbeth was reduced to the station of an or-ed on his spirited charger, sped to the dinary gentlewoman, and, what was equally degrading, her annuity was paid, not to her, but to John Nesfield, one of Richard's Esquires, "to pay all the household and other expenses of Dame Elizabeth Grey, lately called Queen of England." On quitting the sanctuary, Elizabeth, although received at court with outward marks of honour, was subjected to severe indignities and privations. John Nesfield had the entire control of her person, as well as of her scanty revenue; and her spirits were so completely broken, that, at the instigation of the usurper, she consented that Richard himself should, on restoring to her her lost authority and income, as Queen Dowager, espouse her daughter, the Princess Elizabeth; and joining her interests with those of the murderer of her three sons and of her brother, she wrote to all her partizans, and, amongst the rest, to her son, the Marquis of Dorset, desiring them to withdraw from the Earl of Richmond; an injury she was forced by the usurper to inflict, but which the Earl never afterwards forgave.

These efforts, however, of the wily hunchback availed him not. On the seventh of August, Richmond, having resolved to win the promised bride and crown, or die in the attempt, landed at Milford Haven, and at the head of only four thousand men, whose number in

thickest of the fight, and Richmond quitted his station behind, to encourage his troops by his presence in front. Richard perceiving him, resolved to end all by one blow, and with the fury of a lion, flew through the opposing hosts to attack him. He slew Sir William Brandon, the Earl's standard - bearer, who had attempted to stop his career. Sir John Cheney having taken Brandon's place, was thrown to the ground. Richmond in the mean time stood to oppose him, but the crowd interposing, they were separated. Richard now, therefore, went to inspire his troops at another quarter; but at length, perceiv ing his army everywhere yielding or flying, he fiercely spurred his horse, and loudly shouting treason, treason, rushed into the midst of the enemy, and there met a better death than his actions had merited. In the battle there fell about four thousand of the vanquished. The loss was inconsiderable on the side of victors. The notorious Catesby, a great instrument of Richard's crimes, was taken, and soon afterwards beheaded with some others, who probably had merited that distinction by their crimes at Leicester. The body of Richard was found in the field covered with a heap of slain, and all besmeared with blood. It was stript, laid carelessly across a horse, and conducted amidst the

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was said, but the ladies came not. After by King Edward the Fourth, besides the lords and the ladies had made their two, who died in infancy, were, Edward offerings, and mass was ended, the Mar- the Fifth, and Prince Richard, both asquis of Dorset paid the funeral ex-sassinated in the Tower; Elizabeth, who penses." became the consort of Henry the Seventh; Mary, born in August, 1460, at Windsor, and who died unmarried in May, 1482; Cicily, who first saw the light in 1469, was married in 1487 to Lord Wells, and afterward to Thomas Kymbe, and who Hardynge mentions as less fortunate than fair, adding, “that her second husband was an obscure person of mean birth, and but little wealth;" Ann, who married Lord Howard in 1495; Katherine, who in the same year espoused the Earl of Devonshire; and Bridget, who entered the world in 1480, and who, says Speed, "early in life took the habit of religion, and became a nun at Dartford, where she spent her life in holy contemplation, unto the day of her death, in 15Ì7.”

In compliance with the desire expressed in the will, the body of Eliza beth Woodville, a Queen whose avarice and ambitious scheming for the aggrandizement of her former husband's children excited the jealousy of the nobles, and was the chief source of her many troubles and misfortunes, was interred in the tomb of her husband, Edward the Fourth, in St. George's Chapel. On a stone at the foot of the beautiful iron monument, which, as we previously stated, is supposed to be the work of Quintin Matsys, is the following simple inscription in old English:

"King Edward, and his Queen, Elizabeth Widville.”

The children of Elizabeth Woodville,

ANNE OF NEVILLE,

Queen of Richard the Third.

Anne's parentage-Birth-Conveyed to Calais in her early youth-She rejects Richard as her lover-Is present at the marriage of her sister to Clarence-Returns with Warwick, her father, to England-Warwick is forced to flee the country with his family-Disastrous voyage-Anne is married to Edward, the heir of Lancaster-After Edward's death she flies from Richard, who discovers her; quarrels with Clarence respecting her patrimony; and marries her-She gives birth to a son-Her wealth settled upon Richard by act of Parliament-Her residence in the North-Coronation-Second coronation at York-Death of her sonHer health gives way-Richard's cruelty towards her-False rumours of her death -Richard wishes her dead, that he may marry Elizabeth of York-Her kind disposition-Death-Burial.

NNE OF NEVILLE, sometimes styled Anne of Warwick, was the second daughter of the powerful Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, named by the people "The King-Maker," and his wife, Anne, the daughter and heiress of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. By his marriage Richard Neville added to his own wealthy inheritance the vast lands and princely possessions of the Warwick family. His yearly income amounted to upwards of twenty-two thousand marks. But, rich as he was in worldly goods, he possessed no male heir, his only children being two daughters, Isabella and Anne. Anne, the subject of the present memoir, first saw the light at Warwick Castle, in 1454.

The historical events which marked her career have been traced in the two preceding lives; this memoir, therefore, needs be but brief.

Towards the close of the year 1459, to escape the vengeance of Margaret of Anjou, whose cause then triumphed, Warwick retired with his family to Calais, where Anne, it is supposed, spent the years of her early youth: indeed, the wars of the Roses prevented Warwick, except occasionally, from bringing his family to England. When, or under what circumstances, Richard the Third first paid his addresses to the Lady Anne, we know not; but, as he was the son of her great aunt, Sicily, Duchess of York, and as the York and Warwick families were on terms of close friendship, it is but reasonable to suppose that, in his early youth, the hunchback King, who was only two years older than Anne,

Anne's sister, grasped at the whole succession; and, to obtain his end, he, under pretence of protecting her, privately abducted his sister-in-law, who, to secure herself from her abhorred cousin, Gloucester, actually took the disguise of a common servant, and found employment as cook, housemaid, and general_domestic, in the house of a poor London citizen. Gloucester, however, after a vigilant search, discovered her; and, as she was under the attainder in which her mother and Queen Margaret were included, he placed her in the sanctuary of St. Martin's le Grand.

the marriage, swore that Gloucester should not "part the livelihood with him."

After the defeat of the Lincolnshire insurrection, Warwick fled with his fa- Shortly afterwards, the unfortunate mily to Dartford, whence, on the fifteenth Anne was placed under the protection of April, 1470, they set sail for Calais. of her uncle, the Archbishop of York; On the voyage, the Yorkists' fleet at- but the imprisonment of that prelate by tacked them, and took all their ships, Edward the Fourth, in 1473, deprived except the one containing the Neville fa- her of her last refuge against the wily mily. This vessel encountered a fearful Gloucester. This greatly annoyed Clastorm, and at length, when the dis-rence, who, although unable to prevent tressed voyagers made the port of Calais, Vanclere, whom Warwick had left as his deputy, would not permit them to land. "The world seems queasy here," But although Vanclere fired upon the says Sir John Paston, in a letter, dated vessel, he found means to privately in- 1473. "For the most part that be form Warwick that the towns-people had about the King have sent thither for forced him to do so; and he also sent their harness [armour]. It is said for on board two flagons of wine, for the certain that the Duke of Clarence maketh use of the Duchess of Clarence, who had himself big in that he can, shewing as been taken in labour, and was delivered if he would deal but with the Duke of on board ship of her first-born. From Gloucester, but the King intended to be Calais the fugitives steered their course as big as they both." As stated by towards Normandy, took every Flemish Paston, Edward the Fourth took the vessel they met with, and landed safely case in hand, and after vainly endea at Harfleur. Immediately they had re-vouring to reconcile the two brothers, covered from the effects of the voyage, heard their cause in council, and assigned they hastened to the court of Louis the to Anne her portion of the property, Eleventh of France, where a reconcilia- and the rest to Isabell, the other daughtion was effected between Warwick and ter. This award was made without Margaret of Anjou, and Edward, the regard to the interests of the Countess, heir of Lancaster, then in his nineteenth their mother, who still lived, and to year, was married to Anne Neville, who whom belonged, by law, the possessions was two years younger than himself, at of her late brother and father, and the Angers, in August, 1470. dower settled on her by her husband.

After the murder of Edward of Lancaster, at the fatal field of Tewksbury, in May, 1471, Gloucester proposed, by marrying the widowed Anne, to claim a due share of the immense wealth of her father, the late Earl of Warwick, slain at the battle of Barnet, in the previous April. But Clarence, the husband of

Anne of Neville was married to Richard, Duke of York, in 1473, and in the subsequent year an act of Parliament was passed, determining that the daughters of the late Earl of Warwick should succeed to his estates and possessions, as if their mother were dead; that if either of their husbands sur