To George Lowe, of Brick Lane, in the parish of St. Luke's, Old Street, in the county of Middlesex, civil engineer, for his invention of an improvement or improvements in, and connected with the manufacture of gas for illumination.-12th October-6 months.

To William Hale, of Colchester, in the county of Essex, machinist, for his invention of improvements in machinery or apparatus for propelling vessels, which improvements are also applicable for raising or forcing fluids.-13th October-6 months.

To William Ainsworth Jump, of Marston, in the county of Chester, gentleman, for his invention of certain improvements in drawing or extracting salt from salt pans. -14th October-6 months.

To John Smith and William Dolier, both of Liverpool, gentlemen, for their invention of a durable copy book or writing tablet, and improved delible ink to be used therewith.-14th October-6 months.

To John Cowderoy, of Britannia Street, Hoxton New Road, in the county of Middlesex, gentleman, for his invention of certain improvements in machinery or apparatus to be used in the process of making or manufacturing bread and biscuits.-14th October-6 months.

To Thomas Henry Pollard, of Park Street, Grosvenor Square, in the county of Middlesex, estate and house agent, for his invention of certain improvements in chimnies by the application of a mechanical apparatus as smoke conductor.-19th October-2 months.

112

CELESTIAL PHENOMENA, FOR NOVEMBER, 1831.

The waxing moon D.-the waning moon (

Meteorological Journal, 1831.

26 65 52 29,95 29,93,025|| 11 63 48 29,66 29,62

THE

London

JOURNAL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES.

No. XLV.

[SECOND SERIES.]

Recent Patents.

To SAMUEL ROSCOE BAKEWELL. of Whiskin Street, in the parish of St. James, Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex, brick and stone ware manufacturer, in consequence of communications made to him from certain foreigners residing abroad, and subsequent improvements made by himself, for an invention of certain improvements in machinery, apparatus, or implements to be used in the manufacture of bricks, tiles, and other articles, to be formed or made of clay or other plastic materials; parts of which said machinery are also applicable to other useful purposes.-[Sealed 18th August, 1830.]

THESE improvements may be arranged under three heads; first, in the machinery or apparatus for grinding the clay

VOL. VIII. SECOND SERIES.

Q

and other materials for making bricks, tiles, &c.; second, in the contrivance of a press for the purpose of squeezing or compressing the bricks, when partially dried into a more solid and compact state than bricks of the ordinary kind; and third, in a peculiarly constructed hand mould, in which the bricks are to be formed. The particulars of which the Patentee has set out in the following decription, referring to the figures shewn in Plate VII.

Fig. 1st is a section and elevation, and fig. 2, a plan of a machine, for mixing, grinding and tempering clay or other plastic substances, so as to prepare and render them fit to be applied to the forming or making of bricks, tiles, cornices, copings, &c., and also for the grinding, mixing, and tempering sand, lime, chalk, barilla, and for various other useful purposes, part only of the circular pit being shewn; a, b, represent the edge or border of the pit, which may be from thirty to forty feet in diameter, and from nine to eighteen inches in depth. A circular platform or mound 7, being formed in the centre from twelve to sixteen feet in diameter; c, c, is a wheel, which may be from six to nine feet in diameter, and from three to nine inches broad on its rim; the rim of this wheel must be made to come into contact with the bottom of the pit n, n; the wheel may be made to traverse from a, to b, and b, to a, by placing the arm d, d, in various situations, varying from a radius line, or a line pointing to the centre of the pit, and which may be effected in different modes, namely, by turning the pinion g, by means of its handle or winch, so as to cause the metal tooth arc i, i, i, to bring the arm connected with it, and which moves upon the pin m, into such a position as is shewn by the dotted lines in fig. 2, the pinion being prevented from moving, by means of a peg placed in one of the holes formed in the circular plate o, to

receive it, and which acts against the winch or handle of the pinion g.

The wheel c, c, is made to traverse in the contrary direction, by changing the position of the arm d, d, accordingly from h, to k; e, e, and ƒ, ƒ, are supporting wheels to keep the shaft d, d, from bending, but which, however, may occasionally be dispensed with. The clay or other materials spread all over the circular pit, will thus be mixed, ground, or tempered by the repeated action of the wheel c, c, in spiral courses passing over them.

The top of the circular mound or platform 7, in the centre of the pit, is made perfectly flat, for the wheel f, f, to travel on, and a square hole or pit is made in the centre of it, to receive the post and frame j, j,j, which supports the arm d, d; m, m, are the branches of the yoke, to which horses or other animals are to be affixed, in order to actuate the machine, although it may also be turned by other powers, such as steam, water, or wind, if found desirable. A counterbalance or weight, as shewn in fig. 1, may be hung upon the shorter end of the arm d, d, to steady it; and the spindle p, at the end of it must be made cylindrical, and of a sufficient length to allow of it rising or falling in the post and frame j, j, according to the greater or lesser quantity of clay or other materials to be spread in the circular pit, in order to be operated upon. Fig. 2*, is an end view, the dif ferent parts being indicated by the same letters of reference as in fig. 1.

Fig. 3, is another method of varying the position of the arm d, d, where, instead of the toothed arc, and pinion before described, two small windlasses g, g, shewn in fig. 3*, are mounted upon the upper part of a metal frame i, i, and around the barrels of which said windlasses,