262 Chemical Report. Castles in the Air, or the Whims of my Aunt, a Novel, in 3 vols. Night, a descriptive poem, by M. E. ELLIOT, jun.; being an attempt to paint the [Oct. 1, Scenery of Night, as connected with great and interesting events. Charenton, or the Follies of the Age, a Philosophical Romance, translated from the French of M. Lourdoueix. REPORT IN CHEMISTRY, NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, &c. New Species of Resin. Mr. DANIELL has communicated to the Royal Institution, an account, with experimental observations, of a new resinous substance, brought from the East Indies, where it is employed as varnish in all ornamental works, and used in its natural state as it exudes from the tree by incision. The name of the tree, however, is unknown. The original consistence of the gum is that of cream, and when spread upon white paper it dries quickly, is colourless, and of a brilliant polish, never cracking when exposed to the sun. It is also tasteless, easily pulverized, and inodorous, but extremely inflammatory, and deposits much carbonaceous matter while burning, when it diffuses a pleasant aromatic smell. Its specific gravity was 1033. It seems to promise a valuable article of commerce. Reflectors. Professor MILLINGTON suggests, as an improvement on the reflectors employed by Lord Cochrane, which are of tinned iron, and liable to oxydate, the use of glazed white earthenware, which has a strong reflecting surface, is very easily kept clean, and is considerably cheaper than any reflector which has yet been used. Sounds from Flame.-Mr. FARADAY, the ingenious Chemical Assistant in the Royal Institution, has, at the request of Mr. J. STODART, made a number of curious and interesting experiments on the sounds produced by flame. This property of flame, as evinced by hydrogen gas in combustion, was first discovered by Dr. HIGGINS in 1777; and subsequent chemists attributed it to the alternate expansion and contraction of aqueous vapour. Mr. F. proves that this is not the case, by heating the tube into which the flame is passed above 212o, and still more decidedly, by producing the sounds from a flame of carbonic oxide. Neither do the sounds proceed from vibrations of the tube, since a cracked one answers for the experiment; nor from the rapid current of air through the tube, for it succeeds with one closed at the end, or a bell glass. The production of these sounds is not confined to burning hydrogen, but possessed by all flame: and Mr. Faraday concludes that the sounds are simply "the report of a continued explosion." Even without an apparatus, the constant and successive explosions of gaseous mixtures may be observed in the flame of a common gaslight, and there can be no doubt but that these explosions produce sounds, from the roar of a furnace to the modulated musical tones of a glass tube. A musical instrument of flame (like the Eolian harp) might now be constructed. Fossils.-Lately were dug up in Roydon pit, near Diss, in Norfolk, two very extraordinary fossils, one, owing to its form and what it contained, may be properly called a sand egg. It is nearly in the form of a goose's egg, excepting being rather longer and a little flattened at the larger end; had the sand been selected at the time of its incrustation, it could not have been finer nor of a purer white. The shell is about the eighth of an inch thick, resembling the iron stone or coarse runned iron, the outside (from the stratum in which it was bedded) was yellowish; it was bedded amongst stones of the larger sort. The other probably is a nondescript fossil, about the size of a Pomegranate, and very much resembles it; the stem enters the centre of it, and is about an inch long. The former is in the possession of Miss FRERE, of Roydon, and the latter is added to a collec tion of extraneous fossils, in the possession of Mr. SMITH, of Diss. Mineralogy.-Dr. HIBBERT, who last year commenced a mineralogical survey of the Shetland isles, has this season resumed his investigations, and thus nearly finished his description of all the islands of that remote portion of the British empire. His labours have been entirely directed to the determination of the ar 1818.] Agricultural Report. rangement of the various rocks and metalliferous minerals. He finds the prevailing rocks are gneiss and mica slate, with subordinate granite, limestone, hornblende rock, and serpentine. These are skirted with what Professor JAMESON calls the great floetz sandstone formation, but the great flatz limestone formation is entirely wanting. Last season, Dr. Hibbert observed, in serpentine veins, that valuable mineral the chromate of iron, but want of time prevented him pursuing this discovery. We understand he has now ascertained that 263 it occurs in great quantities, forming, in some places, veins several yards wide, and in others is so abundant, that the walls of enclosures are built of it. From this ore several beautiful and very durable pigments are obtained, which are highly valued in the arts. Hitherto the market has been supplied with it from North America, but now that it has been ascertained to occur in profusion, and of excellent quality, in Shetland, it will become an article of trade from that country. AGRICULTURAL REPORT. THE Wheat Harvest in the Northern Counties is at length ended, and has proved one of the most productive ever remembered. The seasonable weather which has been af forded for housing the grain insures its continuance in good condition, and thereby holds out the most pleasing prospect of abundance; and it is hoped that the surplus will be found of the greatest utility in keeping down the prices in the Southern Counties where Providence has not been so bountiful, and where the consumption is greater. Barley and Oats have been productive, and of the very best quality, but the straw in general has been short and scanty. Beans-a good crop. The showers of rain which have fallen through the month, accompanied by mild growing weather, have refreshed the whole face of the country; and great hopes are entertained of abundance of lattermath grass. The pastures are full of keep. Turnips are better that are more to the southward, but not plenty. Potatoes are very fine, and uncommon great crops. -Wheat sowing goes on rapidly, and the Fallows are in the most clean and husbandlike state.-Apples unusually plenty. Average Prices of Corn, By the Quarter of Eight Winchester Bushels, from Returns in the Week ending Sept. 12. OBSERVATIONS ON THE PREVALENT DISEASES OF THE SEASON. By JAMES JOHNSON, M.D. Surgeon to his R. H. the Duke of Clarence. Author of the " Influence of Tropical Climates on European Constitutions," and Editor of the Medico-Chirurgical Journal," &c. Already has Autumn, the emblem of one of the stages of human existence, begun to scatter his withered leaves over the fading verdure of the fields, as time sprinkles grey hairs on the head of man, long before the winter of old age. The sun now gradually retires from our hemisphere, to dispense his alternate favours to the southern regions, and the chilly atmosphere of evening reminds us of the approaching season of festivity and fire, among the opulent; but alas! of suffering and want among the lower orders of society! The sudden transition from the tropical heats of July and August, to the present cool and variable weather, with frequent falls of rain, must, of course, produce a considerable change in the direction of sickness, and of atmospheric influence in particular. The bowel complaints of the hot season are now gradually veering round to pulmonic complaints, or those where the lungs are principally engaged. The national or climatorial complaint, indeed, is now beginning to develope itself, by ushering in its harbinger, common coughs, and colds; and in winter and spring, the graver affections of the lungs, inflammation and consumption, will follow, and carry many a victim to the tomb! We cannot therefore, begin too early to prepare against these formidable enemies of the British constitution, by protecting the surface of the body and the lungs from the insalutary impressions of sudden atmospherical impressions, by a proper attention to dress, and by avoiding the night air. But this subject will be more particularly taken up in a future paper. In the mean time it is proper to observe that as the setting in of cool weather in the Autumn, and particularly in the evenings, confines the pores of the skin, and greatly diminishes the perspiration, a vicarious afflux of fluids to interior organs is the natural and necessary consequence; and hence it very generally happens that a considerable degree of derangement takes place in the functions of the liver and digestive organs, about this time, which ought to be provided against, by strict attention to dress, to diet, and to such medicines as keep the bowels free, and improve the secretion of bile. It is from this afflux of blood to the interior that bowel complaints are often brought on in the cold season as well as in the hot, though in a different manner. They require such medicines as promote perspiration, and at the same time diminish the irritability of the intestines for instance, antimony and opium, with occasional laxative. But as the biliary secretion is very generally in fault, a few grains of the blue pill should be taken every night twice or thrice a week, adding, if necessary, a grain of aloes and a grain of antimonial powder. Among the lower classes of society, typhus fever now, in general, increases; but that excellent institution, the Fever Hospital, offers an important mean of arresting the progress of this destructive disease. 1. The Sulphureous vapour Bath. During the last three months, the reporter has watched the effects of the newly erected sulphureous vapour baths, constructed on the plan of Gallé in France, in various diseases of the skin, and also in paralytic and inveterate rheumatic complaints. He is strongly inclined to think, from what he has already seen, that these baths will prove a powerful remedy in many complaints which resist the usual means. The apparatus is extremely simple, and the process perfectly safe. The patient is shut up in a kind of sentry box, with the face free, and the body is then enveloped in an atmosphere of about 1200 impregnated with sulphureous acid gas. A copious perspiration, in the course of two minutes, begins to issue from every pore, and this continues for twenty minutes or half an hour, when he is released, and put immediately in a warmed bed in the same room, where he lies perspiring for an hour or two longer. In those cutaneous eruptions attended with scales, this process brings off a surprising quantity from the skin, and that without any exhaustion. In chronic rheumatism and gout, this acid gaseous bath appears to possess great power and efficacy; and in short, scems highly deserving of the attentive consideration of the profession and public in general. FROM AUGUST 23, to SEPTEMBER 23, 1818, INCLUSIVE. J. J Where the address of the Solicitor is not mentioned, he must be understood to reside at the same place as the bankrupt. The Solicitors' names are between parentheses, ABBOTT C. W. hosier, Bishopsgate str. (Allis ten & Co. Freemans' ct. Cornhill Bott J. & Jones, G. Bath, grocers (Highmore, Scott's yard, London Boyle R. Upper Thames st. merchant (Handleby, Freeman's ct. Cornhill Bragg J. Birmingham, tye-maker (Windle, John st. Bedford row Brown W. College hill, merchant (Price, New sq. Lincoln's Inn Buck C. Southwark, hop merchant (Lee & Towns. Carpenter H. & W. Alresford, Hants (Jenkins, Cooper W. Bell ct. Walbrook, paper merchant Davidson W. Little St. Thomas Apostle, wholesale stationer (James, Bucklersbury Dawson J. Burnham Westgate, Norfolk, printer (Alexander & Holme, New Inn Felton R. Lawrence Pountney lane, hop merchant (Gregson & Fonnereau, Angel ct. Mackennal J. W. K. Old South Sea House, merch. (Richardson, Clement's lane Marshall E. Abbington, factor (Brace & Selby, Surrey st. Strand Masser A. Gwynn's buildings, City road, merchant (Cuppage, Broad st. Mead J. Stone, Bucks, wheelwright (Rose and Moat T. Cheapside, broker (Taylor, Smith, and + Gafney M. Manchester, cotton broker (Dicas, Thomas B. Northumberland st. Strand (Taylor, Manchester Featherstone buildings, Holborn Thoroughgood C. Strand, dealer (Dickens, Cooke's court Varley T. Slaithwaite, Yorkshire, woollen cord manufacturer (Battye, Chancery lane Voight C. II. Greville st. latton Garden, factor (Bell & Broderick, Bow Church yard Wakefield J. City road, builder (Carter, Lord Mayor's court Warburton J. Timberley, Cheshire, dealer (Clarke & Co. Manchester Wilshaw J. Manchester, shoe maker (Windle, John st. Bedford row Workman J. Ouseby, sheep dealer (Graham and Armstrong, Carlisle Worthingtou R. Preston, grocer (Dixon & Abra ham, Preston Haywood C. Manchester, manu. facturer, Oct. 6 Hill W. Birmingham, button maker, Oct. 6 Holloway W. Bedwardine, sad. ler, Sept. 28 Hopkins T. Camden st. St. Pan. cras, builder, Sept. 15 Howett J. St. Martin's lane, builder, Oct. 17 Hutchinson W. St. Joha street, cheesemonger, Sept. 15 Jones W. Barton-upon- Need wood, Staffordshire, draper, Sept. 25 Joseph J. Ratcliffe Highway, slopseller, Oct. 30 Lees W. Liverpool, merchant, Oct. 12 Levin L. Great Prescott street, Nov. 10 Lewarn W. Taunton, carpenter, Oct. 12 Matthews E. Chester, sadler, Oct. 16 Matthews W. Liverpool, merch. Oct. 7 Mattheson W. & Co. Bishopsgate street, tailors, Oct. 3 May W. Crispin street, weaver, Sept. 26 M'Neilie W. & Wright, T. Liver pool, ship builders, Oct. 6 Mercer & Barlow, Tonbridge, bankers, Oct. 30 Miller R. Tottenham, watchmaker, Oct. 3 Morehouse & Brown, Kingston on-Hull, merchants, Sept. 29 Morgan D. Neath, Glamorgan. shire, dealer, Oct. 21 Morris J. Chepstow, grocer, Sept. 22 Morton T. Lancashire, calico manufacturer, Oct. 6 Mullett J. & J. Ilminster, flax spinners, Sept. 28 Murrell B. sen. Evesham, grocer, Oct. 10 Murrell J. Womegay, Norfolk, Oct. 14 Nash M. Harlington, grocer, Sept. 15 Sept. 14 Plastow J. and G. Liverpool, Price & Le Souef, Winchester st. merchants, Sept. 15 Rees W. Bristol, ship owner, Oct. 7 Roberts O. Alnwick, shopkeeper, Oct. 14 Robinsons G. & S. Paternoster row, booksellers, Nov. 7 Rowntree W, Newcastle-uponTyne, miller, Sept. 30 Salter J. Dartmouth, bookseller, Sept. 24 Sergeant B. Kingston, carpenter, Oct. 31 Sharpe T. Miclebrig, scrivener, Oct. 1 Smith T. Addington, dealer, Oct. 10 Smith G. Ludgate Hill, haberdasher, Sept. 19 Stabler F. Marshall T. & G. York, linen, merchants, Sep. 28 Strong G. Exeter, ironmonger, Oct. 1 Sykes & Baker, Leeds, dyers, Sept. 3 Tengat G. Manchester, currier, Oct. 6 Thornbury N.& E.Taylors, Stroud, Gloucestershire, clothier, Sept. CERTIFICATES. |