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82

234

TABLE OF CEOMETRICAL PROGRESSION.

(WHEREBY any questions of Geometrical Progression and of Double Ratio may be solved by Inspection, the Number of Terms not exceeding 56. )

10

11

12

13

14

16
32
64
128 1

256

512

1024

2048

Norwegian Mile.
Swedish Mile..
Danish Mile...
Swiss Stunde.

4% Point.. 5 Point.. 5% Point..

6 Point..

15 16

17

18

19

20

21

17179869184

34359738368

68719476736

137438953472
274877906944

549755813888

4096
8192

1099511627776
2199023255552

ILLUSTRATIONS-The 13th power of 2-8192, and the 8th root of 256-2.

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3

6

12

One Dollar 1 month.

..

2

""

64

66

English
Mile.

7 021
6.644
4.682
2.987

Simple Interest Table.

One Hundred Dollars 1 day.

.. 2

46 3 44

64

66

16384

32768

65536

131072

262144

524288

English Statute Mile.... 1.000 0.867 1.609 0.217 1. 508
English Geog. Mile..
French Kilometre.
German Geog. Mile..
Russian Verst.....
Austrian Mile.......
Dutch Ure..

1.150 1.000 1.855 0.250
0.621 0.540 1.000 0.135
4.610 4.000 7.420 1.000
0.663 0.575 1.067 6.144
4.714 4.089
7.586 1.022
3.458 8,000 5.565 0.750
6.091 11.299 1.523
5.764 10.692 1.441
4.062 7.536 1.016

" 4

"

12

1048576

2097152

4194304
8388608

16777216

3355-4432

67108864 134217728

THE ENCLISH MILE.

COMPARED WITH OTHER EUROPEAN MEASURES.

1 month

2862

:::

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18 ems 7 Point. .17 ems 8 Point.. .16 ems 9 Point.... 15 ems

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

41

42

4 PER CENT,

66

Germin
Geog. M.

268435456

536870912 1073741824 2147483648

4294967296

8589934592

Russian
Verst.

STANDARD NEWSPAPER MEASURES.

THE Standard Newspaper Measure, as recognized and now in general use is 13 ems pica. The standard of measurement of all sizes of type is the "em quad," not the letter "'m."'

The basis of measurements adopted by the International Typographical Union is the lower-case alphabet, from "a" to "z"' inclusive, and the ems used are the same body as the type measured.

Austrian

Mile.

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

SIMPLE INTEREST TABLE.

(Showing at Different Rates the Interest on $1 from 1 Month to 1 Year, and on $100 from 1 Day to 1 Year)

5 PER CENT.

Dutch

Ure.

60)

51

52

53

54

55

56

0.212

0.289

1.738 0.245
0.937 0.132

0.151 0.213 0.335
0.169
0.094

0.142
0.333 0.164
0.180 0.088
6.953 0.978 1.333 0.657 0.694
1.000 0.141 0.192 0.094 0.100
1.000 1.363 0.672 0.710
1.000 0.493 0.520
2.035 1.000 1.057
1.921 0.948 1.000
7.078 0.994 1.354 0.667 0.705 1.000 1.567
2. 592 4.808 0.648 4.505 0.634 0.864 0.425 0.449 0.638 1.000

0.246 0.386 0.133 0.208 0.985 1.543 0.142 0.222 1.006 1.578 0.738 1.157 1.499 2.350 1.419 2.224

7.112 5.215 10.589 10.019

0.734

1. 489
1.409

Norweg.

Mile

50

50

14 ems 10 Point....

14 ems 11 Point..

13 ems 12 Point......

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6 PER CENT. 7 PER CENT.

4398046511104 8796093022208

17592186644416 85184372088832 70368744177664 140737488355328 281474976710656 562949953421312 1125899906842624 2251799813685248 4503599627370496 9007199254740932 18014398509481984 36028797018963968

50

18 ems .13 ems 13 ems

8 PER CENT.

Linin
Per Accumula-
AMOUNT Years. cent.
tion.

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100
100

$81.58,9
131, 50,1

100 10
100 11

100

100

$2.70,5
7.24,5
11.81,4
19. 21,8
31.19,1
50,50,4

09-1
8431

100

339. 30,5 867.72.1 2,199. 78,4 5,529. 04, 4)

12 100 15 100 18

100 71 100

100

24

YEARS IN WHICH A GIVEN AMOUNT WILL DOUBLE AT SEVERAL RATES OF INTEREST,

AT COMPOUND INTEREST.

COMPOUND INTEREST TABLE.
COMPOUND INTEREST ON ONE DOLLAR FOR 100 YEARS.

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VI
VII
VIII
IX

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1XI
2 XII.
3 XIII

4 XIV

5 XV

6 XVI.

7 XVII.
8 XVIII
9 XIX

10 XX.

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11 XXX
12 XL

13 L

14 LX

15 LXX

18 C

19 CC.
20 CCC

58 1.15 1.73

62 1.23

1.85

2.46 2.31

8.08

3,85

3.23 3.46

3.69

4.38

4.62

3.77

4.31

5.38

3.69

4.92

5.23

4,15

5.54

5.88

4.62

6.15

6.54
7.19
6.77
6.35

4.23 4.65

4.62

5.08

5.08 5.50
5.44 6.00
6.50
6.00
6.46 7.00

5. 50
5.92

5.00

7.50

8.08

5.12 4 85 4.04 5.85 6.15 5.54 4,62 4.31 6.92 6. 23 6.58 5.19 4.85 6.92 7.31 7.69 5.38 5.77 8.04 8.46 7.62 5.92 9.23 8.77 8.31 6.92 7.38 7.85 6.46 9.50 10.00 9.00 8.50 8.00 7.00 7.50 9.15 8.62 9.69 10.23 10.77 8.08 7.54 5.38 9.81 10.38 10.96 11.54 8.65 9.23 6.92 6.35 5.77 7.69 8,46 9.23 10.00 10.77 11.54 12.31 13.03 13.85 14.62 15.38 10.00 11.00 12,00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 20.00 22,00 24,00 26.00 28,00 30.00 32,00 34.00 36.00 38,00 40.00 30.00 33.00 36,00 39.00 42,00 45,00 48.00 51.00 54.00 57.00 60.00 40.00 44,00 48,00 52,00 56,00 60.00 64.00 68.00 72.00 76.00 80.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75,00 80,00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 60.00 66,00 72.00 78.00 84.00 90.00 96.00 102.00 108. 00 114.00 120, 00 70,00 77,00 84.00 91.00 98.00 105. 00 112. 00 119, 00 126.00 133.00 140,00 80.00 88.00 96.00 104.00 112.00 120, 00 128. 00 136. 00 144.00 152.00 160.00 90.00 99,00 108. 00 117.00 126, 00 135, 00 144, 00 153, 00 162. 00 171 00 180.00 100.00 110, 00 120. 00 130,00 140.00 150.00 160. 00 170, 00 180.00 190.00 200.00 10.00 121.00 132.00 143.00 154.00 165.00 176, 00 187. 00 198, 00 209, 00 220.00 120.00 132.00 144, 00 156.00 168.00 180.00 192.00 204. 00:216 00:28. 001240.00 135 410 Six working days in the week.

ROMAN AND ARABIC NUMERALS.

16 LXXX or XXC.

17 XC

$13,780.66 34,064.34,6 83,521.82,7 1,174,302. 40 15,424, 106.40 2,198,720,200

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90 M

100 MCMXV.
200 MM.
300

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30 CCCC............
40 D

50 DC...

60 DCC.

70 BCCC.

80 CM...........

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400 500 600 700

800

900 1000 1915 2000

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Height and Weight of Men.

100 Cork...
103. Poplar

.124 Fir

84 Cedar..

99 Pear 100 Walnut.

SUBSTANCES.

Bromine freezes at..
Olive oil freezes at..
Quicksilver freezes at...
Water freezes at.....
Bismuth metal fuses at..
Copper fuses at..........
Gold fuses at.....
Iron fuses at...
Lead fuses at.....
Potassium fuses at

Authorities vary on some of these points.

101 Cherry
.102 Maple.
.102 Ash......
.102 Beech
103 Mahogany

.104 Oak
104 Ebony.

HEIGHT.

5 feet 3 inches

5 feet 4 inches..

5 feet 5 inches

5 feet 6 inches

SPECIFIC GRAVITY.*

Timber.

Porter.........

The weight of a cubic foot of distilled water at a temperature of 600 F. is 1,000 ounces Avoirdupois, very nearly, therefore the weight (in ounces, Avoirdupois) of a cubic foot of any of the substances in the above table is found by multiplying the specific gravities by 10, thus:-one cubic foot of oak weighs 1,170 ounces; one cubic foot of marble 2.700 ounces, and so on. Compared with water.

......

170

176

181

Average.
115

5 feet...

5 feet 1 inch......... 120

5 feet 2 inches

125

130

135

140

143

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Centi-
grade.
17.60 220
8
10
31.5 -39.4

Fahren-
heit.
7.60
50
-39
32
507

0
211

0 264

963

1,204

1,105
1,230
260
50

2,200
1,380 2,518
1,588 2,800
325 617
62.5 144.5

FREEZING, FUSING, AND BOILING POINTS.

Reau-
mur.

84 Ivory.
85 Sulphur.

106 Marble

.117 Chalk
.133 Glass.

Sundries.

Mini

mum.

98

102

106

111

115

119

121

SUBSTANCES.

Silver fuses at.....
Sodium fuses at...
Sulphur fuses at.
Tin fuses at
Zinc fuses at....
Alcohol boils at...
Bromine boils at.....

Ether boils at...
Iodine boils at
Water boils at..

The best are given.

147

152

154

157

151
155 159

162

167

164
169 173
175 179
177 181 185
184 188 192
190 195

140

143

HEIGHT AND WEIGHT OF MEN.

TABLE OF AVERAGE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT OF MALES, BASED ON ANALYSIS OF 74,162 ACCEPTED
APPLICANTS FOR LIFE INSURANCE AS REPORTED TO THE ASSOCIATION
OF LIFE INSURANCE MEDICAL DIRECTORS.

77 Granite
92 Diamond
93 Cast iron...
94 Tin....
.120 Bar iron...
130 Steel............................
134 Brass...

143

146

150

145 Copper..
183 Silver....
..203 Lead
270 Mercury
.279 Gold
289 Platina

155

160

165

170

175

180

186

194

200 203

Ag
45-49

Metals and Stones,

Age.
50-54

141

145

Maxi-
mum.

IIEIGHT.
132 5 feet 7 inches
138 5 feet 8 inches
144 5 feet 9 inches......
150 5 feet 10 inches.
155 5 feet 11 inches

6 feet......

161 165

149

153

158

163

167

172

177

182

188

Age. Age. Age. Age. Age.
15-24 25-29
30-34 35-39 40.44
Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds.
120 125
128 131 133 134 134 134 131
122 126 129 131 134 136 136
131 133 136 138 138
139 141

136

134

124 128

134

136

127 131
131
135
134 138

138

144

141

147

138

145

151

142 142 147

150

156

146

161

150

166

154 159

171

159 164

177

165 170

183

189

196

204

194 201

8000

76.5

92

182

.....

Reau- Centl- Fahren

mur.

grade.

heit.

329.6

63

50

28.4

140

80

Age.
55-59

138

141

145

1,0000

95.6

149

153

158

163

168

115

228

412

74.4

63

35.5

175

100

Average.

145

148

155

160

165

170

Age
60-64

278

353

721

729

779

783

840

895

137

140

144

1,047 .1.135

148

153

158

163

168

173

174

178

180

183

185

189

189

194 192
198

.1,357

.1,926

.2,150

A Height and Weight Table compiled by a Committee of the Medical Section of the National Fraternal Congress, 1900, which is the analysis of 133,940 applications of selected risks, in a few instances differed very slightly from the above.

HEIGHT AND WEIGHT OF WOMEN.

The following table gives the relative height and weight of women, all ages. The weight of ordinary clothing, however, is included:

1,8320

204

239

442

773

167

145

96

347

212

Mini

mum.

123

126

131

136

138

141

Age.

65-69

140

143

147

151

156

162

168

174

180

185

189

192

Maxi

mum.

167

170

179

184

190

196

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HEAD, FEET.

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NOTE-The centre of pressure of water against the side of the containing vessel or reservoir is at two-thirds the depth from the surface. One cubic foot salt water weighs 64. 3 pounds.

DEPTH
IN

FEET.

6

8

10

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PRESSURK

FER

SQ. INCH.

1

2

3

cylindrical inch...
cylindrical inches 341
cylindrical foot....

49. 10

Velocity, Feet
per Second.

Tin

Gold (cast).
Silver cast),
Lead

Pressure
(1ს.)

MATERIALS.

METALS.

THEORETICAL VELOCITY OF WATER IN FEET PER SECOND.

Velocity, Feet
per Second.

HEAD, FEET.

Velocity, Feet
per Second.

2.60

8.40

4.33

6,49

8.66

10.82

12.99

Degrees
of
Temperature.

62.5

03617 pound. 434 pound. pounds. 7.48052 U. S. gals. 112.0 pounds. .2240.0 pounds. 02842 pound. pound.

pounds.

WATER MEASURES.

WEIGHT OF WATER.

25.

27.8

31.1

34.0

70

35.9

75

37.6

80

PRESSURE OF WATER PER SQUARE INCH AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS.

DEPTH
IN
FEET.

216.3

219.4

222.4

225.2

227.9

230.5

233.0

235.4

237.7

240.0

HEAD, FEET.

25 30

35

Lbs.*

40

45

50

DEPTH
IV

FEET.

TEMPERATURE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE 1.47 LBS.

35

40

45

50

60

70

80

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MATERIALS.

METALS.

Aluminum castings...

15,000 Soft copper wire.. sheets.... 24,000 Hard wire.. 50,000 Cast iron.. bars..... "steel. 28,000 Nickel aluminum... 40,000 Wrought iron. Aluminum bronze 70,000 Soft steel Manganese Phosphor " Tobin

06

"

Bronze gun metal.
Platinum wire (an-
nealed).
Platinum wire (not an-
nesled).

[blocks in formation]

"

Degrees
of
Temperature.
244.3

248.3

252.1

255.7

259.2 262.5 265.6 268, 6 271.5 274.3

pered.
32,000 Nickel steel (annealed
oil tem-

44

44

70

10

75

Steam flows into atmosphere at the rate of 650 feet per second.

60,000 Carbon steel (not an
46,000 nealed)..
75,000
66,000 Carbon steel(annealed) 80,000
35,000
oil tem

44

56,000 1
pered
3.50 Rivet steel...
20,000 Steel for bridges..
40,000 Medium steel.

2,000 Vanadium steel (cast),
5,400 Chromium nickel stel
24,000
vana um

4.0001

U.S. gals.

pounds. pounds.

10.0

pounds.

1 cylindrical foot.... 6.0 2. 282 cylindrical feet.... 112.0 45.64 cylindrical feet....2240.0 1 imperial gallon.... 11.2 imperial gallons... 112.0 224 imperial gallous...2240, 0 pounds. 1 U. S. gallon pounds. 13.44 U. S. gallons.. 8.355 pounds. 268.8 112.0 U. S. gallons.. pounds. 2240.0 pounds.

35,000 60,000 20,00

55

60

65

90

100

110

120

130

85.000 80,000

140

150

90.000

53.000

60.000

65.000 70.000 81.400

PRESSURE

1'ER SQ. INCH.

32

34

40

45

50

55

TENSILE STRENGTH OF MATERIALS.
Lbs. #1

60

65

59.5
62.1

64.7

67.1

69.5

71.8

MATERIALS,

METALS.

Nickel vanadium steel 99,700
Chrome nickel vanad-
ium steel.....

129,100
60,000 Manganese steel(cast) 90.000
"(roll'd) 140,000

50.000 58,000

WOODS.

Ash....
Black walnut..
Beech..
Cedar......
Chestnut....
Elm...
Hemlock..

Hickory.
Locust....

Pressure.

(lbs.)

38.98

43.31

47.64

51.98

56.31

Lignum vitae.

Maple.
White oak.
Live
Poplar
Redwood..

44

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60.64

64.97

316.0

320.0

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OF STEAM.

DEGREES IN FAHRENHEIT SCALE.
Degrees
of
Temperature.

277.0

279.6

286.9

292.5

297.8

302.7

307.4

311.8

HEAD, FEET.

Lbs.*

85

90

95

100

125

150

DEPTH

IN
FKKT.

160

170

180

190

200

215

230

PRESSURE
I'R
Sq. 1 CH.
80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

MATERIALS.

WOODS.

*G

Spruce......
White pine
Yellow
Red fir.......
Yellow fir........
Teak....

Velocity, Feet per Second.

14,000 12,000

MISCELLANEOUS. 14.500 Blue Stone.....

10,000 Granite...

10,000 Limestone ........

13,400 Marble
8,700 Sandstone...
15,000 Bricks (common).
22,000 44
(best hand
10,500 Ordinary single
pressed)
14.700

11,000

13,000

7,000
500

74.0

76. 1

78.2

80.3

...

1,400

600 1,000 700 100 200

400

leather belting..... Ordinary double

leather belting... Cotton belting.....

3,000 6,000 6,000

steel.......

100.000

Zine..... Brass (cast) Copper (cast), Tensile Strength is the resistance of the fibres or particles of a body to separation. It is therefore proportional to their number, or to the area of its transverse section. The fibres of wood are strongest near the centre of the trunk or humb of a tree. Tensile strength in pounds per square inch.

89.7

98,3

I're sure. (lbs.)

69.31

73.64

77.97

82.30

86, 63

93.14

99.63

of

Degrees Temperature. 323.9

327.6

331.1

334.5

337.8

341.0

344. O 347.0

350.0 352,8

Lbs. *

14,500

15,000 11,000 10,000 12,000

14,000

86

United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

THE CAPITOL AT WASHINGTON.

THE Capitol is situated in latitude 38° 53′ 20.4 north and longitude 77° 00' 35.7 west from Greenwich, It fronts east, and stands on a plateau eighty eight feet above the level of the Potomac.

The entire length of the building from north to south is seven hundred and fifty-one feet four inches, and its greatest dimension from east to west three hundred and fifty feet. The area covered by the building is 153, 112 square feet.

The dome of the original central building was constructed of wood, covered with copper. This was replaced in 1856 by the present structure of cast iron. It was completed in 1865, The entire weight of iron used is 8,909, 200 pounds.

The dome is crowned by a bronze statue of Freedom, which is nineteen feet six inches high and weighs 14,985 pounds. It was modelled by Crawford. The height of the dome above the base line of the east front is two hundred and eighty-seven feet five inches. The height from the top of the balustrade of the building is two hundred and seventeen feet eleven inches. The greatest diameter at the base is one hundred and thirty-five feet five inches.

The rotunda is ninety-seven feet six inches in diameter, and its height from the floor to the top of the canopy is one hundred and eighty feet three inches.

The Senate Chamber is one hundred and thirteen feet three inches in length, by eighty feet three inches in width, and thirty-six feet in height. The galleries will accommodate one thousand persons. The Representatives' Hall is one hundred and thirty-nine feet in length, by ninety-three feet in width, and thirty-six feet in height.

The southeast corner-stone of the original building was laid September 18, 1793, by President Washington with Masonic ceremonies. The corner-stone of the extensions was laid July 4, 1851, by

President Fillmore.

The room now occupied by the Supreme Court was, until 1859, occupied as the Senate Chamber. Previous to that time the court occupied the room immediately beneath, now used as a law library.

LINCOLN'S GETTYSBURG SPEECH.

(Address at the Dedication of Gettysburg Cemetery, November 19, 1863.)

FOURSCORE and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent 8 new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men created equal.

are

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We are met to dedicate a portion of it as the final resting-place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

But in a larger sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it The world will little note nor long remember far above our power to add or detract. what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living.

rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work that they have thus far so nobly carried on. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us; that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to the cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that the dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.

THE Coast and Geodetic Survey of the Department of Commerce is charged with the survey of the coasts of the United States and coasts under the jurisdiction thereof, and the publication of charts covering said coasts. This includes base measure, triangulation, topography, and hydrography along said coasts; the survey of rivers to the head of tide water or ship navigation. deep sea soundings, temperature and current observations along said coasts and throughout the Gulf and Japan streams, magnetic observations and researches and the publication of maps showing the variations of terrestrial magnetism; gravity research, determination of heights, the determinstion of geographic positions by astronomic observations for latitude, longitude and azimuth, and by triangulation to furnish reference points for State surveys and to co-ordinate Governmental

surveys.

The results obtained are published in annual reports and in special publications: charts upon various scales, including sailing charts, general charts of the coast and harbor charts: tide tables Issued annually in advance: coast pilots with saling directions covering the navigable waters; notices to mariners issued weekly as a joint publication of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Lighthouses and containing current information necessary for safe navigation: catalogues of charts and publications, and such other publications as may be required to carry out the

organic law governing the survey.

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