720

STATISTICS OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.

$1.26 F. W.Rockwell, Prog. Dec. 31, 1915
2.40 Joseph W.Stevens, R. Dec. 31.1915
Jan. 3, 1916
1.59 Chas. W. Rinn, D..
2.50 Simon H. Walker, R. Jan. 4,1915
1.25 Jas. G. Woodward, D.Jan. 1,1917
1.87 Commission Government.
1.93 James H. Preston, D. May 18,1915
Jan. 1.1916
2.24 Bert Daly, D....
Dec. 31,1915
2.82 Wm. R. Ely, R...
1,00 Commission Government.
1.75 James M. Curley, D. Feb. 4,1918
1.92 Clifford B. Wilson, R. Nov. 8.1915
1.84 Incor'd in the City of New York.
2.60 Commission Government.
1.52 Clarence Smith, Soc. May 1, 1915
2.14 Timothy W. Good, D. Apr. 6, 1915
2.00 Chas. H. Ellis, R.... Jan. 1.1917

.50 C. A. Stolberg, Prog.. Dec. 31, 1915
3. 65 John P. Grace, D.... Dec. 13,1915
1.65 Commission Government.
Dec. 31,1915
5.43 C. H. Harrison, D..Apr. 6,1915
1.55 F.S.Spiegel, R.....
5.88 Newton D. Baker, D. Dec. 31,1915
1.65 James S. Calkins, R. Jan. 1,1916
1.35 George J. Karb, D... Dec. 31.1915
Mar. 31,1916
1.92 M. B. Snyder, R.
2.65 Geo. E. Philipps, D.. Jan. 1,1916
1.90 Commission Government.
1.80 Alfred C. Mueller, R. Apr.
1.36 Commission Government.
1.19 Commission Government.
Commission Government.
1.97 Oscar B. Marx, R.... Jan. 14,1917
1.40 James Saul, D....... Apr. 6,1916
3.63 Commission Government,
page.
180 Victor Mravlag, R..Dec. 31,1916
2.86 H. N. Hoffman, Fus. Dec. 31,1915
g.83 Commission Government.

New Brunswick, N. J..

New Haven, Ct..
New Orleans, La...
Newport, R. I....

Newton, Mass..

.60 Benj. Bosse, D...... Jan. 7,1918 2.32 James H. Kay, R....Jan. 4.1917 1.16 W. J. Hosey, D..... Jan. 1,1915 1.90 Commission Government. May 1,1916 1.73 Commission Government. 218 George E. Ellis, R... 2.20 Commission Government. 2.05 Jos. H. Lawler, D... Apr. 4,1916 1.86 Commission Government. 1.90 Martin Cooke, D..... Jan. 1.1916 1.88 John H. Woods, Ind. Jan. 4,1915 1.85 Commission Goveru ment. 2.36 Joseph E. Bell, D... Jan. 1.1919 1.18 V. C. Swearengen, D. June 20,1915 2.11 Commission Government. 1.77 Alf' d B. Connable, R. Apr. 13,1915 1.73 Commission Government. 1.25 Henry L. Jost, D.... Apr. 21,1916 1.75 Gottlieb Reutter, D.. May 1, 1916 1.80 Commission Government. 9.65 Commission Government. 2 73 Charles E. Taylor, D. Apr. 15.1915 1.60 Henry H. Rose, R.. June 30,1915 1.76 J.H. Buschemeyer, D Nov.-1917 2.19 Commission Government, 200 Commission Government 1.57 H. W. Spaulding, R. Jan. 5,1916 Commission Government. 1.37 G. A. Bading, Ind... Apr. 17,1916 3.57 Wallace G. Nye,Ind. Jan. 1,1917 .70 Commission Government. 1.13 Commission Government. 2.56 Edwin W. Fiske, D. Dec. 31, 1915 1.50 Hilary E. Hewse, D. Oct. 14,1916 2.08 T. L. Raymond, R.. Dec. 81.1916 2.32 Ed. R. Hathaway, R. Jan. 3,1915 Jan. 1,1918 2.59 Austin Scott, D. 1.90 Frank J. Rice, R... Jan. 1,1916 312 Commission Government. 1.38 R. T. Burlingame, R. Jan. 4,1916 1.88) Ed. O. Childs, Ind... Jau. 1,1916

5,625,000 757,705,833 8,390,155,472 100
225,000 $8,884,470 $158,203,355 50

33,000 2,167,000) 247,682 12,061,238 40.000 223,000 103,000 1,670,423 155,000 10,615,299)

Area

in

CITIES.

Square
Miles.

New York Cityt.

121434

Oakland, Cal.....

58

Oklahoma City, Okla.

176

75,000

Omaha, Neb.....

24%

155,000

3,713,500
6,270.000

Passaic, N.J..

32

67,500

2,039,105

Paterson, N. J.....

69,322,088 75 38,045,133 20 47,088,317 100 106,002,102 100

55,466,153 100

505,000

Poughkeepsie, N. Y.

234

Providence, R. I....

184

Quincy, Ill.......

5%

Reading, Pa.......

6%

Savannah, Ga...
Schenectady, N. Y..
Scranton, Pa...
Seattle, Wash. (v)
Sioux City, Iowa.
Somerville, Mass..
South Bend, Ind..
Spokane, Wash..
Springfield, Ill..
Springfield, Mass..
Springfield, Ohio..
St. Joseph, Mo..
St. Louis, Mo..
St. Paul, Minn..
Syracuse, N. Y.
Tacoma, Wash..
Taunton, Mass..
Toledo, Ohio..
Topeka, Kan...

Trenton, N. J....
Troy, N. Y.....
Utica, N. Y.
Washington, D. C.
Wheeling, W. Va..
Williamsport, Pa..
Wilmington, Del..
Worcester, Mass.
Yonkers, N. Y.

54% 275,00

1.91 Rob't H. Fordyce,R. Jan. 1,1916 1.65 G.W.Esterbrooke, R.Jan. 1,1917 22,084,481 3315.95 E. N. Woodruff, R.. May 4,1915 2,230,206,400 85 (8) R. Blankenburg, Ind.Jan. 3.1916 771,720,630 90 J.G. Armstrong, Ind. Jan. 1,1918 70,410,225 80 2.12 Wm. M. Ingraham, Dec. 13, 1915 314,105,777 (u) .77 Commission Government. 25,499,258 80 2.53 Dan. W. Wilbur, R..Dec. 31,1915 324,769,740 100 3.70 Jos. H. Gainer, D...Jan. 6,1917 10,539,951 33% 5.18 Wm. K. Abbott, D..May 3,1915 56,836,768 75 1.80 Ira W. Stratton, R..Jan. 3,1916 149,051,226 70 1.40 George Ainslie, D...Sept. 1,1916 215,485,365 80 1.97 H. H. Edgerton, R..Dec. 31,1915 19,701,707 83% 4.87 W. W. Bennett, R..May 1,1915 68,395,850 72 r1.46 Commission Government. 45,373,155 100 2.08 A. E. Richardson, R. Apr. 15,1915 66,400,725 35-40 1.30 Commission Government. 106,400,150 65 1.68 Clinton G. Brown, D. May 31, 1915 84,993,931 60 1.57 Commission Government. 646,924,524 50 54,986,018 664 57,624,940 80 84,405,075 80 215,362,151 45 52,582,927 70 74,946,894 100 31,000,000 40 88,913,235 50 17,933,703 22 180,129,051 100 58,900,000, 100 40,448.910 60 616,698,390 66% 114,408,085 40 141,857,917 100 62,826,687 60 26,274,534 100 249,785,310 100 55,015,362 100 75,000,000, 100 59,930,741 100 51,930,537 100 377,443,857 66% 67,282,855 100 15,490,595 70-75 76,270,588 100 172,334,979 100 116,629,220, 80

2.23 James Rolph, Jr., R. Jan. 8,1916 1.25 Rich. J. Davant, D...Jan. 20,1919 v2.53 J.T. Schoolcraft, Ind. Dec. 31,1915 1.58 Ed. B. Jermyn, Ind. Jan. 5, 1918 4.38

2.15 Commission Government.
2.11 Zebedee E. Cliff, R... Jan. 3,1916
3.28 Fred. W. Keller, Ind. Jan. 1,1918
1.30 Commission Government.
6.17 Commission Government.
1.65 Frank E. Stacy, R...Jan. 4,1916
1.40 Commission Government.
1.30 Elliot Marshall, R...Apr. 15,1916
2.35 Henry W. Kiel, R...Apr. 3,1917
.41 Commission Government.
1.77 Louis Will, Prog.....Dec. 31,1915
4.03 Commission Government.
2.12 Commission Government.
1.40 Carl H. Keller, R....Jan. 1,1916
1.72 Commission Government.
2 16 Commission Government.
2.20 Cornelius F. Burns, D. Dec. 31.1915
2.33 James D. Smith, D..Dec. 31,1915
1.50 For Government, See Index.
1.13 H. L. Kirk, R........ July 1,1915
2.80 Samuel Stabler, R... Dec. 31,1915
1.35 H. W. Howell, R....July 1,1915
1.96 Geo. M. Wright, R...Jan. 4.1916
2.38 James T. Lennon, D. Dec. 31, 1915

D., Democrats; R., Republicans; Soc., Socialist; Ind., Independent; Prog., Progressive. This is the percentage of assessment upon actual valuation. t Tax on each $100 of assessed valuation for all purposes. Area in square miles-Manhattan, 21.9; Bronx, 40.6; Brooklyn, 77.6; Queens, 118.6; Richmond, 57.2. The surveyor's bureau gives the area as 326. 83 square miles. Tax rate -Manhattan, $1.78; Bronx, 81.77; Brooklyn, $1.84; Queens, $1.80; Richmond, $1.90. (a) See New York City above. (c) Gross funded debt of New York City, $1,122,690,042. () City tax. (4) Bonded debt. () Of which $30,335,275 is self-supporting. (j) Less $2,628,107 indebtedness. (4) Realty, 33%; personalty, 50%. (1) Annexed territory, $1 34. (s) Realty, $1.00; personalty, 40c. (v) For year 1913. (w) Saloon census. (x) Real estate 90%, buildings 75%. (y) 75% of cash value on land and 50% on buildings.

(d) Including improvements, franchises, etc. (e) Including tangible and intangible personalty. (f) Including franchises. (m) Including 2d-class R. R. property. (v) For year 1913.

CITIES UNDER COMMISSION FORM OF COVERNMENT.
(From a Report of the Census Bureau of June 12, 1914.)

THERE are sixty-nine cities out of 195 in the United States having an estimated population of over 30.000 inhabitants each, which have already adopted a commission form of government, haying discarded the former plan of being governed by a Mayor and council. This report covers the transactions of the calendar year 1912, or the fiscal year closing on dates prior to February 1, 1913 The sixty-nine cities which have adopted, or by legislative enactment have been placed under, the commission form of government are as follows: ALABAMA-Birmingham, Mobile and Mont

NEBRASKA-Omaha and Lincoln.

NEW JERSEY-Atlantic City, Passaic, Trenton and Jersey City.

OKLAHOMA-Muskogee and Oklahomas City.
OREGON-Portland.

PENNSYLVANIA-Allentown,

Altoons,

COST OF COMMISSION GOVERNMENT.

The cost per capita for the general expenses of all the municipal departments, and also the per capita net debt at the close of the year 1912, of these sixty-nine cities which have adopted the commission form of government, respectively, are shown in the statement following. The term "net debt" as employed in the report is the funded and floating debt less sinking fund assets; and the term "general expenses of the municipal departments includes all costs of city government, except interest on debt and outlays for permanent improvements.

The first figure following the name of the city in the statement shows the per capita cost of municipal government for 1912 and the second figure the per capita net debt at the close of the year 1912; NEW JERSEY-Atlantic City $22.76$116.10, Passaic $10.07-$28.40, Trenton $11.53 -$22.09, Jersey City $13.90-$72.80.

ALABAMA-Birmingham $8.64-$38.55, Mobile $8.53-$54.54, Montgomery $9.68-$65.35. CALIFORNIA-Berkeley $13.32-$19.06, Oakland $14.82-$36.68, Sacramento $18.94$26.07, San Diego $20.07-887.40, Pasadena $19.07-$45.14.

COLORADO-Colorado Springs $16.94$73.48, Pueblo $10.94-$57.27, Denver $20.13 -$3.82.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA-Washington $25.43-824.09.

ILLINOIS-Decatur $8.66-$9.79, Springfield

OKLAHOMA-Muskogee $11.02-$65.65, Ok

lahoma City $10.40-$66.24.

OREGON Portland $13.10-$48.68.
PENNSYLVANIA-Allentown

$6.47

$17.11, Altoona $8.07-$39.25. Chester $7.48-
$30.75, Erie $8.83-$9.01, Harrisburg $10.24
-$37.64. Johnstown $7.17 $8.93, Lancaster
$7.61 $29.04, McKeesport $10.91-$21.89, New
Castle $9.16-$14.04, Reading $8.22-$15.27,
Wilkes-Barre $9.22-$25.16, Williamsport $8.57
-$12.15, York $6.58-$19.78.

TENNESSEE-Chattanooga $11.28-866.82, Knoxville $10.31-$83.51, Nashville $10.92— $50.02, Memphis $12.95-$75.33.

TEXAS-Austin $9.14-$75.56, Dallas $11.11 -$36.22, El Paso $11.60-$54.65, Fort Worth $8.91-$59.25, Galveston $11.63-$113.24, Hous

The corresponding average figures for the entire 195 cities included in the report are, respectively, $17.34-$68.74.

WASHINGTON LED OFF.

Washington, D. C., was the first city in the United States to be governed for any number of years by a commission, coming under that form of government by the terms of an act of Congress that became effective June 11, 1878. The application of this form of government to the Capital of the United States grew out of the relation of the National Government to this particular city, and the city of Washington was not considered as an example to other municipalities with reference to its form of government.

The great need of improvement in sanitary conditions of Memphis, Tenn., following a severe visitation of yellow fever in 1878, combined with the fact that at the time the city had incurred an indebtedness equal to its authority for borrowing money, led the Legislature of Tennessee in 1879 to put an end to the existence of the city as a municipal corporation and to create in its stead a taxing district whose affairs were conducted by a small body of officers having practically the authority of the Commissioners in the cities under the new or commission form of government. After the recovery of the city from the difficulties which made this form of government necessary, Memphis was reincorporated as a city, with its earlier form of government, and its experience was not deemed such as to encourage the substitution of this form of government for that of Mayor and counell. A destructive storm having overwhelmed Galveston, Tex., on September 1, 1900, and left the city prostrate financially, as Memphis had been in 1878, Galveston was placed under a government by a commission in 1901. The experience of Galveston under this form of government was such that in 1905 it was adopted by Houston, Tex. Two other cities, having 30,000 inhabitants, adopted it in 1907, two in 1908, eight in 1909, six in 1910, fifteen in 1911, nine in 1912, twenty-one in 1913, and three in 1914.

CITIES UNDER COMMISSION FORM OF GOVERNMENT-Continued.

THE CITY MANAGER PLAN.

An act of the Ohio Legislature, approved May 6, 1913, provided for a form of municipal gov ernment to be known as the "City Manager plan," the council to consist of five members in cities of less than 10,000 inhabitants, of seven members in cities of from 10.000 to 25,000 inhabitants, and of nine members in cities having over 25,000 inhabitants, the council being elected in all cases for a term of four years. This council is to constitute a governing body with power to pass ordinances, adopt regulations, appoint a chief administrative officer to be known as the "City Manager," fix his salary, approve all appointments made by him (except as otherwise provided), and appoint a Civil Service Commission and all boards or commissions created by ordinances.

So far as information has been received by the Bureau of the Census, the only city of over 30,000 inhabitants organized under the "City Manager plan" is Dayton, Ohio. Some of the smaller cities of that State have adopted this plan, and some of the smaller cities of other States have adopted a plan somewhat similar, one or two having adopted it prior to the enactment of the given statute. ADDITIONAL CITIES HAVING COMMISSION FORM OF GOVERNMENT. Alabama-Cordova, Hartselle, Huntsville, Montana-Missoula. Shefeld, Talladega, Tuscaloosa, and Florence. Arizona-Phoenix. Arkansas-Fort Smith. California-Alhambra,

Modesto, Monterey,

San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Cruz, Stock-
Colorado-Colorado City, Durango, Fort Col-

ton, and Vallejo.

lins, Grand Junction, and Montrose.
Florida-Lakeland, Orlando, Pensacola, and
St. Petersburg.

Clinton, Dixon, Elgin, Flora, Forest Park, Hamil-
ton, Harrisburg, Harvey, Hillsboro, Jacksonville,
Kewanee, Marseilles, Moline, Murphysboro,
Ottawa, Pekin, Rochelle, Rock Island, Spring
Valley, and Waukegan.

Iowa-Burlington, Fort Dodge, Keokuk, Marshalltown, Mason City, and Ottumwa.

Kansas-Abilene, Anthony, Arkansas City, Caldwell, Chanute, Cherryvale, Coffeyville, Council Grove, Dodge City, Emporia, Eureka, Fort Scott, Garden City, Garnett, Girard, Great Bend, Hiawatha, Holton, Hutchinson, Independence, Iola, Junction City, Kingman, Lawrence, Leavenworth, Manhattan, Marion, McPherson, Neodesha, Newton, Olathe, Osawatomie, Ottawa, Parsons, Pittsburg, Pratt, and Wellington. Kentucky-Paducah.

Nebraska-Beatrice and Nebraska City.

New Jersey-Asbury Park, Belleville, Beverly, Bordentown, Haddonfield, Hawthorne, Irvington, Phillipsburg, Ridgefield Park, Ridgewood, VineLong Branch, Millville, Nutley, Ocean City, land, and Wallington.

New Mexico-Las Vegas.

New York-Beacon, Buffalo, and Niagara
Falls.
North Carolina-Greensboro, Hickory, High
Point, Morgantown, Raleigh, and Wilmington.
North Dakota-Bismarck, Devils Lake, Fargo,
Mandan, Minot, and Williston.
Ohio-Ashtabula, * Dayton, Middletown,
Sandusky, and Springfield.

Oklahoma-Ada. Ardmore, Bartlesville, Collinsville, Duncan, El Reno, Enid, Guthrie, Holdenville, Lawton, McAlester, Miami, Okmulgee, Purcell, Sapulpa, Tulsa, Wagoner, and Weathersford.

Oregon-Baker and *La Grande.

Pennsylvania-Beaver Falls, Bradford, Carbondale, Connellsville, Cory, Easton, Franklin, Hazleton, Lebanon, Lock Haven, Meadville, Oil City, Pittston, Pottsville, South Bethlehem, and Titusville.

South Carolina-Columbia, Florence, Orangeburg, Spartanburg, and Sumter.

South Dakota-Aberdeen, Canton, Chamberlain, Dell Rapids, Huron, Lead, Madison, Pierre, Rapid City, Sioux Falls, Vermilion, Watertown, and Yankton.

Tennessee-Bristol, La Follette, Lebanon, Murfreesboro, and Springfield.

Coleman,

Texas Amarillo, Aransas Pass,
Corpus Christi, Denison, Denton, Greenville,
Kennedy, Marble Falls, Marshall, McKinney,
Palestine, Port Arthur, Port Lavaca, San An-
tonio, and *Taylor.

Utah-Logan, Murray, Ogden, and Provo.
Washington-Centralia, Chehalis, Everett,
Hoquiam, North Yakima, and Walla Walla.
West Virginia-Blue Field, Fairmount, Graf-
ton, and Parkersburg.

Wisconsin-Antigo, Appleton, Ashland, Eau
Claire, Fond du Lac, Janesville, Ladysmith,
Menomonie, Portage, and Rice Lake.
Wyoming-Cheyenne and Sheridan.

NEW YORK STATE FUNDED DEBT.

Highways.

$1,860, 000, 00

Palisade

Saratoga Springs
Interstate Park. State Reservation.

6.000,000.00 11,000,000,00 16,000,000,00 26,000,000 00 34.000, 000, 00 34, 000, 000, 00 55,000,000.00

$2,500,000.00

2,500,000.00

$565,000.00

2.500, 000, 00
2,500,000.00

855,000.00

760,000.00

STOCK CORPORATIONS FORMED IN NEW YORK STATE.

Number.YEAR. Number.YEAR.

25, 230, 660.00

41,230,660.00 57,230,660,00 79.730,660,00 109, 702, 660, 00 108,355,660,00 159,260,660, 00

YEAR.

Number.YEAR.

Number. YEAR.

Number.

3,577 1907

.3.887 1908

.4,420 1909.

6,599 1911.
7,185 1912.
8,328 1913.

8,357

8.761

9,029

5,609 1910.
6,347

7,998 1914.

.8,170

To November 15.